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Figure 10
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Figure 13
Expected and imaged average liquid holdup at varying air flow rates_ Liquid flow is held constant at 13_21 LPM for these results_
| Image | Air Flow Rate (SLPM) | Expected Liquid Holdup | Imaged Liquid Holdup |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 2.36 | 0.72 | 0.75 |
| B | 5.19 | 0.63 | 0.62 |
| C | 8.02 | 0.54 | 0.56 |
| D | 12.26 | 0.45 | 0.51 |
Expected (from Figure 6) and imaged gas core radii at varying air flow rates_ Liquid flow is held constant at 13_21 LPM for these results_
| Image | Air Flow Rate (SLPM) | Expected Gas Core Radius (m) | Imaged Gas Core Radius (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 2.36 | 0.0202 | 0.0187 |
| B | 5.19 | 0.0232 | 0.0234 |
| C | 8.02 | 0.0258 | 0.0251 |
| D | 12.26 | 0.0283 | 0.0266 |
Visual and electrical capacitance phase tomography (ECVT) measurements of air-water vertical flow_
| Flow Direction | Water Flow Rate (LPM) | Air Flow Rate (SLPM) | Measured Liquid Holdup (Visual) | Measured Liquid Holdup (ECVT) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Up | 18.95 | 3 | 0.969 | 0.943 |
| Up | 18.95 | 5 | 0.930 | 0.923 |
| Up | 18.95 | 8 | 0.879 | 0.891 |
| Up | 18.95 | 12 | 0.827 | 0.855 |
| Up | 18.95 | 18 | 0.757 | 0.806 |
| Up | 18.95 | 24 | 0.717 | 0.758 |
| Up | 18.95 | 34 | 0.650 | 0.704 |
| Down | 18.95 | 3 | 0.943 | 0.911 |
| Down | 18.95 | 5 | 0.890 | 0.875 |
| Down | 18.95 | 8 | 0.822 | 0.827 |
| Down | 18.95 | 12 | 0.762 | 0.769 |
| Down | 18.95 | 18 | 0.675 | 0.696 |
| Down | 18.95 | 24 | 0.630 | 0.639 |
| Down | 18.95 | 34 | 0.555 | 0.575 |
| Down | 18.95 | 40 | 0.520 | 0.549 |
| Down | 18.95 | 50 | 0.485 | 0.497 |
| Down | 15.16 | 50 | 0.405 | 0.425 |
| Down | 13.25 | 50 | 0.380 | 0.367 |
| Down | 3.79 | 30 | 0.170 | 0.109 |
Visual and displacement-current phase tomography (DCPT) measured liquid holdup at varying air and water flow rates_ Highlighted rows are the four cases imaged in Figure 10_
| Water Flow Rate (LPM) | Air Flow Rate (SLPM) | Average Liquid Holdup (Visual) | Average Liquid Holdup (DCPT) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14.213 | 2.36 | 0.899 | 0.871 |
| 14.213 | 3.78 | 0.873 | 0.824 |
| 14.213 | 5.19 | 0.87 | 0.825 |
| 14.213 | 6.61 | 0.867 | 0.787 |
| 14.213 | 8.02 | 0.7 | 0.648 |
| 14.213 | 9.44 | 0.72 | 0.667 |
| 14.213 | 10.85 | 0.68 | 0.510 |
| 14.213 | 12.27 | 0.621 | 0.575 |
| 13.265 | 2.36 | 0.72 | 0.651 |
| 13.265 | 3.78 | 0.6 | 0.497 |
| 13.265 | 5.19 | 0.63 | 0.547 |
| 13.265 | 6.61 | 0.55 | 0.478 |
| 13.265 | 8.02 | 0.54 | 0.571 |
| 13.265 | 9.44 | 0.53 | 0.437 |
| 13.265 | 10.85 | 0.42 | 0.343 |
| 13.265 | 12.27 | 0.45 | 0.418 |
| 12.318 | 2.36 | 0.58 | 0.505 |
| 12.318 | 3.78 | 0.56 | 0.506 |
| 12.318 | 5.19 | 0.487 | 0.4855 |
| 12.318 | 6.61 | 0.464 | 0.473 |
| 12.318 | 8.02 | 0.422 | 0.484 |
| 12.318 | 9.44 | 0.403 | 0.500 |
| 12.318 | 10.85 | 0.384 | 0.464 |
| 12.318 | 12.27 | 0.352 | 0.461 |