Fig 1.
(A) – Loess distribution in SW Poland (modified after Jary, 2010); (B) – location of the Zaprężyn LPS.
Fig 2.
Pedosedimentary sequence and description of the basic units in Zaprężyn LPS. Radiocarbon dating after Jary (2007). Stratigraphic interpretations after Jary et al. (2016) using labelling system after Marković et al. (2015).
Fig 3.
LPS from Zaprężyn: (A) – Whole Zaprężyn profile; (B) – modern soil; (C) – top of L1LL1 loess unit; (D) – unconformity; (E) – L1LL2 loess with deformed gley horizons; (F) – S1 soil and the bottom part of L1LL2 loess unit in Zaprężyn LPS.
Table 1.
Basic information about investigated samples.
| Lab. code | Sample ID | Samplin depth (cm) | Dose rate (Gy/ka) | Equivalent dose (Gy) | Overdispersion (%) | OSL age (ka) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GdTL-3709 | ZAPR_1 | 690 | 1.24 ± 0.05 | 175 ± 4 | 5 | 141.5 ± 7.0 |
| GdTL-3710 | ZAPR_2 | 645 | 1.73 ± 0.06 | 182 ± 4 | 5 | 105.1 ± 4.3 |
| GdTL-3711 | ZAPR_3 | 615 | 2.27 ± 0.08 | 170 ± 4 | 5 | 75.0 ± 3.1 |
| GdTL-3712 | ZAPR_4 | 590 | 3.03 ± 0.11 | 190 ± 4 | 5 | 62.6 ± 2.8 |
| GdTL-3713 | ZAPR_5 | 550 | 2.99 ± 0.10 | 176 ± 4 | 5 | 59.0 ± 2.8 |
| GdTL-3714 | ZAPR_6 | 505 | 3.00 ± 0.10 | 177 ± 5 | 5 | 59.0 ± 2.8 |
| GdTL-3715 | ZAPR_7 | 490 | 3.06 ± 0.10 | 164 ± 4 | 5 | 53.8 ± 2.5 |
| GdTL-3716 | ZAPR_8 | 480 | 3.14 ± 0.10 | 172 ± 5 | 7 | 54.8 ± 2.8 |
| GdTL-3717 | ZAPR_9 | 450 | 2.87 ± 0.11 | 161 ± 4 | 5 | 56.0 ± 2.8 |
| GdTL-3718 | ZAPR_10 | 410 | 3.01 ± 011 | 163 ± 4 | 5 | 54.0 ± 2.5 |
| GdTL-3719 | ZAPR_11 | 370 | 3.09 ± 0.11 | 163 ± 4 | 5 | 52.7 ± 2.5 |
| GdTL-3720 | ZAPR_12 | 330 | 2.86 ± 0.10 | 156 ± 6 | 9 | 54.4 ± 3.0 |
| GdTL-3721 | ZAPR_13 | 270 | 2.81 ± 0.10 | 51.8 ± 1.5 | 7 | 19.3 ± 1.0 |
| GdTL-3722 | ZAPR_14 | 210 | 2.72 ± 0.10 | 49.9 ± 1.5 | 8 | 19.2 ± 1.1 |
| GdTL-3723 | ZAPR_15 | 110 | 2.48 ± 0.10 | 38.1 ± 0.8 | 5 | 15.3 ± 0.7 |
| GdTL-3724 | ZAPR_16 | 50 | 3.09 ± 0.11 | 42.6 ± 1.0 | 5 | 14.5 ± 0.7 |
| GdTL-3725 | ZAPR_17 | 550 | 2.99 ± 0.10 | 162 ± 6 | 14 | 56.7 ± 3.0 |
| GdTL-3726 | ZAPR_18 | 460 | 3.10 ± 0.11 | 154 ± 6 | 13 | 52.0 ± 3.0 |
| GdTL-3727 | ZAPR_19 | 450 | 2.75 ± 0.10 | 129 ± 4 | 11 | 49.7 ± 3.0 |
| GdTL-3728 | ZAPR_20 | 340 | 2.88 ± 0.10 | 150 ± 5 | 10 | 54.8 ± 3.0 |
[i] Dose rate values obtained with different system detectors and final Bayesian estimation.
[ii] Final age derived from the central age model (CAM).
Fig 4.
Relative probability density functions for equivalent dose distribution for all investigated OSL samples. Relative probability density functions according to Berger (2010).
Table 2.
14C ages of gley horizons in Zaprężyn LPS.
| No. | Lab. No. | Sample name | Age 14C (BP) | Range of calendar (calibrated) age 68.3% confidence level | Range of calendar (calibrated) age 95.4% confidence level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GdA-6300 | ZAPR_1/440 | 23930 ± 180 | 28290BP (68.3%) 27825BP | 28580BP (95.4%) 27755BP |
| 2 | GdA-6301 | ZAPR_2/441 | 24440 ± 270 | 29030BP (68.3%) 28350BP | 29180 (95.4%) 27940BP |
| 3 | GdA-6302 | ZAPR_3/442 | 22500 ± 200 | 27090BP (39.9)% 26780BP | 27225 (95.4%) 26380BP |
| 26710BP (28.4)% 26485BP | |||||
| 4 | GdA-6303 | ZAPR_4/443 | 24620 ± 250 | 29145BP (68.3%) 28660BP | 29470 (0.6%) 29400BP |
| 29325 (94.8%) 28085BP |
[i] The age was calibrated using OxCal program v4.4 (Bronk Ramsey, 2009) with calibration curve IntCal20 (Reimer et al., 2020).
Fig 5.
Lithology, fraction percentages, grain-size parameters and stratigraphic units (acc. Marković et al. (2015) in the Zaprężyn LPS).
Fig 6.
The new 14C and OSL ages obtained in Gliwice laboratory, OSL ages published by Zöller et al. (2022) and revised stratigraphical interpretation of the Zaprężyn LPS.
Fig 7.
Results of OSL dating of the ice wedge pseudomorph in Zaprężyn LPS: red dot - Zöller et al. (2022) result; black dots – Moska OSL results.