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Development of Chronology for Historical Mining Shaft Remains in the Vicinity of Tarnowskie Góry Based on Radiocarbon, Luminescence and Dendrochronological Dating Cover

Development of Chronology for Historical Mining Shaft Remains in the Vicinity of Tarnowskie Góry Based on Radiocarbon, Luminescence and Dendrochronological Dating

Geochronometria
Volume 50 (2023): Issue 1 (January 2023)
By: ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Nov 2023
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Fig 1.

Localisation of a study area: A – Study area – general location; B – Detailed map of the study area that shows historical remains of mining.

Fig 2.

A – Three excavation sites, cross sections; B – The scheme of a single shaft. Every shaft consists of an outer part, which is waste rock dug out during ore extraction, and an inner part, which is a depression, filled with organic matter. The sampling position is marked in orange.

Table 1.

Results for 14C analysis. Sample information, carbon content, radiocarbon ages and calibrated age ranges (68.3% and 95.4% probability) are provided.

SiteSample nameLab codeMaterialTreatmentmg C (graphite)14C age BP ± 1σCalibrated age range BC/AD
REP/114C/REP/1/1GdA-6972.1.1CharcoalABA0.985396 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1445 AD (62.1%) 1495 AD

  • 1600 AD (6.2%) 1610 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1440 AD (76.7%) 1525 AD

  • 1585 AD (18.8%) 1625 AD

14C/REP/1/2GdA-6973.1.1CharcoalABA0.985378 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1455 AD (49.1%) 1505 AD

  • 1595 AD (19.2%) 1620 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1445 AD (61.8%) 1525 AD

  • 1570 AD (33.6%) 1635 AD

14C/REP/1/3GdA-6974.1.1CharcoalABA1.000333 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1495 AD (19.8%) 1530 AD

  • 1550 AD (35.1%) 1600 AD

  • 1610 AD (13.3%) 1635 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1480 AD (95.4%) 1640 AD

REP/214C/REP/2/1GdA-6975.1.1WoodABA---
14C/REP/2/2GdA-6976.1.1CharcoalABA0.995404 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1445 AD (68.3%) 1490 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1435 AD (82.3%) 1515 AD

  • 1590 AD (13.2%) 1620 AD

14C/REP/2/3GdA-6977.1.1CharcoalABA0.459788 ± 55

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1215 AD (68.3%) 1285 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1050 AD (1.2%) 1075 AD

  • 1155 AD (93.6%) 1305 AD

  • 1370 AD (0.6%) 1380 AD

REP/314C/REP/3/1GdA-6978.1.1WoodABA0.980211 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1650 AD (24.9%) 1680 AD

  • 1740 AD (5.2%) 1750 AD

  • 1760 AD (38.2%) 1800 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1645 AD (31.9%) 1685 AD

  • 1730 AD (54.9%) 1805 AD

  • 1925 AD (8.6%)...

14C/REP/3/2/AGdA-6979.1.1WoodCellulose0.989324 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1510 AD (13.5%) 1530 AD

  • 1535 AD (42.0%) 1595 AD

  • 1615 AD (12.8%) 1640 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1490 AD (95.4%) 1645 AD

14C/REP/3/2/BGdA-6979.2.1WoodABA0.985343 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1490 AD (23.0%) 1525 AD

  • 1555 AD (45.3%) 1635 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1475 AD (34.5%) 1530 AD

  • 1535 AD (60.9%) 1640 AD

14C/REP/3/3GdA-6980.1.1WoodABA0.994338 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1495 AD (21.5%) 1530 AD

  • 1555 AD (32.6%) 1605 AD

  • 1610 AD (14.2%) 1635 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1475 AD (95.4%) 1640 AD

14C/REP/3/4GdA-6981.1.1CharcoalABA0.980344 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1490 AD (23.4%) 1525 AD

  • 1555 AD (44.8%) 1635 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1470 AD (35.1%) 1530 AD

  • 1535 AD (60.3%) 1640 AD

TG14C/TG-1GdA-7058.1.1CharcoalABA0.990384 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 1455 AD (53.1%) 1505 AD

  • 1595 AD (15.2%) 1620 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 1445 AD (66.8%) 1525 AD

  • 1570 AD (28.7%) 1630 AD

14C/TG-2GdA-7059.1.1WoodABA0.9851 102 ± 25

  • 68.3% probability

  • 895 AD (27.2%) 925 AD

  • 950 AD (41.1%) 995 AD

  • 95.4% probability

  • 885 AD (95.4%) 995 AD

[i] ABA, Acid–base–acid.

Fig 3.

Calibrated dates of measured samples from the Repty study site.

Table 2.

Results of dendrochronological dating of construction wood.

Date of inner ringDate of outer ringGlkCCTVTVB-PTVHCDI
1640169563585.23.23.220

[i] Glk, Gleichläufigkei; CC, Cross correlation;, TV, T value; TVB-P, T value Baillie-Pilcher; TVH, T value Hollstein; CDI, Cross Date Index.

Table 3.

Summarised results of activity concentrations measurement, dose rate calculation, equivalent doses and OSL ages for collected samples. All measured values reported with standard deviation.

SiteSample nameLab codeDepth (cm)Water cont. (%)A 238U (Bq·kg−1)A 232Th (Bq ·kg−1)A 40K (Bq ·kg−1)Dr (Gy · kg−1)De (Gy)OSL date ± σ (ka)1
REP/1OSL/Rep/1/1GdTL-4584601324.5 ± 0.898.1 ± 1.974.7 ± 7.62.362 ± 0.083n/an/a
OSL/Rep/1/2GdTL-458590814.7 ± 0.514.2 ± 0.7154 ± 121.148 ± 0.047247.8 ± 9.6216 ± 12
OSL/Rep/1/3GdTL-45861012331.8 ± 1.073.4 ± 1.6305 ± 242.492 ± 0.087316 ± 15127.7 ± 7.5
REP/2OSL/Rep/2/1GdTL-458754513.3 ± 0.516.0 ± 0.5323 ± 251.724 ± 0.07920.45 ± 0.8611.79 ± 0.74
OSL/Rep/2/2GdTL-45889287.5 ± 0.39.0 ± 0.4206 ± 161.089 ± 0.05018.86 ± 0.7417.3 ± 1.1
REP/3OSL/Rep/3/1GdTL-4589452639.3 ± 1.149.4 ± 0.8290 ± 222.196 ± 0.0755.59 ± 0.452.47 ± 0.22
OSL/Rep/3/2GdTL-4590651839.7 ± 1.269.2 ± 1.4343 ± 272.80 ± 0.109.29 ± 0.643.25 ± 0.26
OSL/Rep/3/3GdTL-45911101527.0 ± 0.843.0 ± 0.9333 ± 262.237 ± 0.085239 ± 26107 ± 12
OSL/Rep/3/4GdTL-459230814.5 ± 0.516.7 ± 0.5129 ± 101.132 ± 0.044201 ± 13178 ± 70
TGOSL/TG-1GdTL-4675Corridor759.9 ± 5.843.8 ± 6.4152 ± 282.23 ± 0.3821.23 ± 0.010.55 ± 0.10
14.29 ± 0.550.23 ± 0.304.9 ± 2.8

1 OSL ages presented as years before 2023.

2 In the case of the dose rate for ceramic, the activity of the surrounding environment was taken into account.

Fig 4.

The depth distributions of the 137Cs and 210Pbex in the samples collected from the shafts REP/2 and REP/3.

Fig 5.

Study sites with consolidated results of radiocarbon and luminescence dating, together with fallout isotope analysis. Coherent ages were combined (R_combine command in OxCal programme) for better visualisation.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/geochr-2023-0004 | Journal eISSN: 1897-1695 | Journal ISSN: 1733-8387
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Language: English
Page range: 81 - 90
Submitted on: Jul 13, 2023
Accepted on: Sep 8, 2023
Published on: Nov 22, 2023
Published by: Sciendo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
AMS,
dendrochronology,
historical mining,
OSL,
Tarnowskie Góry
Related subjects:
Geosciences,
Geosciences, other

© 2023 Fatima Pawełczyk, Agnieszka Bolik, Bartłomiej Błachut, Anna Kamińska, Magdalena Opała-Owczarek, Ireneusz Malik, Michał Wojcik, Zofia Zakrzewska, Zbigniew Pawlak, Grzegorz Poręba, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 50 (2023): Issue 1 (January 2023)
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