References
- 1. Akar, Y., Ahmad, N., Khalıd, M., 2018: The effect of cadmium on the bovine in vitro oocyte maturation and early embryo development. Int. J. Vet. Sci. Med., 6, 73. DOI: 10. 1016/j.ijvsm.2018.03.001.10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.03.001616186630761325
- 2. Ali, I., Penttinen-Damdimopoulou, P. E., Mäkelä, S. I., Berglund, M., Stenius, U., Akesson, A., et al., 2010: Estrogen-like effects of cadmium in vivo do notappear to be mediated via the classical estrogen receptor transcriptional pathway. Environ. Health Perspect., 118, 1389–1394. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1001967.10.1289/ehp.1001967295791720525538
- 3. Angenard, G., Muczynski, V., Coffigny, H., Pairault, C., Duquenne, C., Frydman, R., et al., 2010: Cadmium increases human foetal germ cell apoptosis. Environ. Health Perspect., 118, 331–337. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900975.10.1289/ehp.0900975285475920064782
- 4. Aoyagi, T., Ishikawa, H., Miyaji, K., Hayakawa, K., Hata, M., 2002: Cadmium-induced testicular damage in a rat model of subchronic intoxication. Reprod. Med. Biol., 1, 59–63. DOI: 10.1046/j.1445-5781.2002.00010.x.10.1046/j.1445-5781.2002.00010.x589178429662348
- 5. Belani, M., Shah, P., Banker, M., Gupta, S., 2016: Dual effect of insulin resistance and cadmium on human granulosa cells ‒ In vitro study. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 15, 119–130. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.019.10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.01927984130
- 6. Bernhoft, R. A., 2013: Cadmium toxicity and treatment. Sci. World J., 3, 2013 : 394652. DOI: 10.1155/2013/394652.10.1155/2013/394652368608523844395
- 7. Bertin, G., Averbeck, D., 2006: Cadmium: Cellular effects, modifications of biomolecules, modulation of DNA repair and genotoxic consequences. Biochimie, 88, 1549–1559. DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2006.10.001.10.1016/j.biochi.2006.10.00117070979
- 8. Beyersmann, D., Hechtenberg, S., 1997: Cadmium, gene regulation, and cellular signalling in mammalian cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.,144, 247–261. DOI: 10.1006/taap. 1997.8125.
- 9. Byrne, C., Divekar, S. D., Storchan, G. B., 2009: Parodi-gene regulation, and cellular signalling in mammalian cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 144, 247–261.10.1006/taap.1997.81259194408
- 10. Chedrese, P. J., Rodway, M. R., Swan, C. L., Gillio-Meina, C., 1998: Establishment of a stable steroidogenic porcine granulosa cell line. J. Molec. Endocrinol., 20, 287–292. DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0200287.10.1677/jme.0.02002879584843
- 11. Cheng, Y., Zhang, J., Wu, T., Jiang, X., Jia, H., Qing, S., et al., 2019: Reproductive toxicity of acute Cd exposure in mouse: Resulting in oocyte defects and decreased female fertility. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 379, 114684. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114684.10.1016/j.taap.2019.11468431325558
- 12. Copius, Peereboom-Stegeman, J. H., Jongstra-Spaapen, E., Leene, W., Oosting, H., Venema, H., de Moor, E., Gerrisen, W. J., 1987: The effects of long-term exposure to cadmium on the small blood vessels in the rat uterus: A light microscopic study. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 14, 288–297. DOI: 10.1016/0147-6513(87)90072-8.10.1016/0147-6513(87)90072-83691381
- 13. Copius, Peereboom-Stegeman, J. H., 1989: Cadmium effects on the female reproductive tract. Toxicol. Environ. Chem., 23, 91–99. DOI: 10.1080/02772248909357454.10.1080/02772248909357454
- 14. Cuypers, M., Plusquin, T., Remans,T., et al., 2010: Cadmium stress: An oxidative challenge. Biometals, 23, 927–940. DOI: 10.1007/s10534-010-9329-x.10.1007/s10534-010-9329-x20361350
- 15. Deckert, J., 2005: Cadmium toxicity in plants: Is there any analogy to its carcinogenic effect in mammalian cells. Biometals, 18, 475–481. DOI: 10.1007/s10534-005-1245-0.10.1007/s10534-005-1245-016333748
- 16. Diao, S. Y., Zhang, L. Z., Yuan, H., 2005: Progress in the toxicity mechanism of cadmium. Prog. Vet. Med., 26, 49–51.
- 17. Dong, F., Li, J., Lei, W. L., Wang, F., Wang, Y., Ouyang, Y. Ch., et al., 2020: Chronic cadmium exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest by disrupting spindle assembly checkpoint and maturation promoting factor. Reprod. Toxicol., 96, 141–149. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.06.009.10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.06.00932574675
- 18. Habbeebu, S. S., Liu, J., Klaassen, C. D., 1998: Cadmium-induced apoptosis in mouse liver. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 149, 203–209. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1997.8334.10.1006/taap.1997.83349571989
- 19. Hartwig, A., 2013: Cadmium and cancer. Met. Ions Life Sci., 11, 491–507. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5179-815.10.1007/978-94-007-5179-8_15
- 20. Henson, M. C., Chedrese, P. J., 2004: Endocrine disruption by cadmium a common environmental toxicant with paradoxical effects on reproduction. Exp. Biol. Med., 229, 383–392. DOI: 10.1177/153537020422900506.10.1177/15353702042290050615096650
- 21. Henson, M. C., Anderson, M. B., 2000: The effects of cadmium on placental endocrine function. Recent Res. Dev. Endo crinol., 1, 37–47.
- 22. Höfer, N., Diel, P., Wittsiepe, J., Wilhelm, M., Degen, G. H., 2009: Dose- and route-dependent hormonal activity of the metalloestrogen cadmium in the rat uterus. Toxicol. Lett., 191, 123–131.10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.01419703529
- 23. Huff, J., Lunn, R. M., Waalkes, M. P., Tomatis, L., Infante, P. F., 2007: Cadmium-induced cancers in animals and in humans. Intern. J. Occup. Environ. Health., 13, 202–212. DOI: 10.1179/oeh.2007.13.2.202.10.1179/oeh.2007.13.2.202339925317718178
- 24. Järup, L., Berglund, M., Elinder, C. G., Nordberg, G., Vahter, M., 1998: Health effects of cadmium exposure. A review of the literature and a risk estimate. Scand. J. Work. Environ. Health, 24, 1–51.
- 25. Järup, L., Hellström, L., Alfvén, T., Carlsson, M. D., Grubb, A., Persson, B., et al., 2000: Low level exposure to cadmium and early kidney damage: The OSCAR study. Occup. Environ. Med., 57, 668–672.10.1136/oem.57.10.668173987410984338
- 26. Jin, T., Kong, Q., Ye, T., Wu, X., Nordberg, G. F., 2004: Renal dysfunction of cadmium-exposed workers residing in a cadmium-polluted environment. Biometals, 17, 513–518.10.1023/B:BIOM.0000045730.01633.4515688855
- 27. Jin, L., Luo, L., Wang, D., Wang, W., Zhu, J., Chen, N., et al., 2019: Cadmium induces ovarian granulosa cell damage by activating PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 through endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biol. Reprod., 100, 292–299. DOI: 10.1093/biol re/ioy169.
- 28. Johnson, M. D., Kenney, N., Stoica, A., Hilakivi-Clarke, L., Singh, B., Chepko, G., et al., 2003: Cadmium mimics the in vivo effects of oestrogen in the uterus and mammary gland. Nat. Med., 9, 1081–1084. DOI: 10.1038/nm902.10.1038/nm90212858169
- 29. Kar, I., Patra, A. K., 2021: Tissue bioaccumulation and toxicopathological effects of cadmium and its dietary amelioration in poultry. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 199, 3846–3868. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02503-2.10.1007/s12011-020-02503-233405085
- 30. Kasuya, M., 2000: Recent epidemiological studies on itaiitai disease as a chronic cadmium poisoning in Japan. Water Sci. Technol., 42, 147–154. DOI: 10.2166/wst.2000.0563.10.2166/wst.2000.0563
- 31. Kim, J. L., Lim, W., Ko, Y., Kwon, H., Kim, S., Kim, O., et al., 2012: The effects of cadmium on VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in HUVECs. J. Appl. Toxicol., 32, 342–349.10.1002/jat.167721425301
- 32. Klaassen, C. D., Liu, J., Choudhuri, S., 1999: Metallothionein: an intracellular protein to protect against cadmium toxicity. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 39, 267–294. DOI: 10. 1146/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.267.10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.26710331085
- 33. Lafuente, A., Cano, P., Esquifino, A. I., 2003: Are cadmium effects on plasma gonadotropins, prolactin, ACTH, GH and TSH levels, dose-dependent ? Biometals, 16, 243–250. DOI: 10.1023/a:1020658128413.10.1023/A:102065812841312572682
- 34. Leoni, G., Bogliolo, L., Deiana, G., Berlinguer, F., Rosati, I., Pintus, P. P., et al., 2002: Influence of cadmium exposure on in vitro ovine gamete dysfunction. Reprod. Toxicol., 16, 371–377.10.1016/S0890-6238(02)00040-0
- 35. Li, H. Y., Wu, S. Y., 2002: Review of the female reproductive toxicity by cadmium. China Public Health, 18, 379–381.
- 36. Li, Q., 2009: The effect of cadmium on oocyte apoptosis and DNA damage of female mice. In 6th OAPS Working Paper Series, Paper No. 2009-035.
- 37. Li, Z., Li, T., Leng, Y., Chen, S., Liu, Q., Feng, J., et al., 2018: Hormonal changes and folliculogenesis in female off-spring of rats exposed to cadmium during gestation and lactation. Environ. Pollut., 238, 336–347. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol. 2018.03.023.10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.023
- 38. Liu, J., Wei, Qu., Kadiiska, M. B., 2009: Role of oxidative stress in cadmium toxicity and carcinogenesis. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 238, 209–214. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.029.10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.029428735719236887
- 39. Liu, J., Zhang, W., Li, H., 2010: Cadmium-induced increase in uterine wet weight and its mechanism. Birth Defects Res., 89, 43–49.10.1002/bdrb.2023320151473
- 40. Liu, J., Luo, L., Wang, D., Wang, W., Zhu, J., Li, Y., et al., 2019: Cadmium induces ovarian granulosa cell damage by activating PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 through endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biol. Reprod., 100, 1, 292–299. DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy169.10.1093/biolre/ioy16930137227
- 41. Liu, Y., Wen, X., Wang, D., Liao, X., 2021: Maternal exposure to trace cadmium affects gonadal differentiation and development in male offspring rats though a star pathway. Food Sci. Technol. Campinas, 41, 3, 635–642.10.1590/fst.24420
- 42. Lubo-Palma, A., Nava-Leal, C., Villasmil, V., Quevedo, A. L., Montiel, M., Simoes, D., Faría, C., 2006: Effects of cadmium on the ovarian parenchyma in Swiss albino mice. Invest. Clin., 47, 219–231.
- 43. Luciano, A. M., Franciosi, F., Lodde, V., Corbani, D., Lazzari, G., Crotti, G., 2010: Transferability and inter-laboratory variability assessment of the in vitro bovine oocyte maturation (IVM) test within ReProTect. Reprod. Toxicol., 30, 81–88. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.01.015. 44.10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.01.01520156549
- 44. Luevano, J., Damodaran, C., 2014: A review of molecular events of cadmium-induced carcinogenesis. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol., 33, 183–194. DOI: 10.1615/jenviron patholtoxicoloncol.2014011075.10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2014011075
- 45. Marettová, E., Maretta, M., Legáth, J., 2015: Toxic effects of cadmium on testis of birds and mammals: A review. Anim. Reprod. Sci.,155, 1–10. DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015. 01.007.10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.01.007
- 46. Markstrom, E., Svensson, E. Ch., Shao, R., et al., 2002: Survival factors regulating ovarian apoptosis ‒ dependence on follicle differentiation. Reproduction, 123, 23–30. DOI: 10.1530/rep.0.1230023. 47.10.1530/rep.0.123002311869183
- 47. Massányi, P., Uhrín, V., 1997: Histological changes in the uterus of rabbits after an administration of cadmium. J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A. Environ. Sci. Engin. Toxicol., 32, 1459–1466. DOI: 10.1080/10934529709376621.10.1080/10934529709376621
- 48. Nasiadek, M., Danilewicz, M., Sitarek, K., Świątkowska, E., Daragó, A., Stragierowicz, J., Kilanowicz, A., 2018: The effect of repeated cadmium oral exposure on the level of sex hormones, oestrous cyclicity, and endometrium morphometry in female rats. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 25, 28025–28038.10.1007/s11356-018-2821-5615367030066076
- 49. Nampoothiri, L. P., Gupta, S., 2006: Simultaneous effect of lead and cadmium on granulosa cells: A cellular model for ovarian toxicity. Reprod. Toxicol., 21, 179–185. DOI: 10. 1016/j.reprotox.2005.07.010.10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.07.01016159707
- 50. Nampoothiri, L., P., Agarwal, A., Gupta, S., 2007: Effect of coexposure to lead and cadmium on antioxidant status in rat ovarian granulose cells. Arch. Toxicol., 81, 145–150. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-006-0133-x.10.1007/s00204-006-0133-x16897041
- 51. Nandi, S., Gupta, P. S. P., Selvaraju, S., Roy, S. C., Ravindra, J. P., 2010: Effects of exposure to heavy metals on viability, maturation, fertilization, and embryonic development of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) oocytes in vitro. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 58, 194–204.10.1007/s00244-009-9342-719475365
- 52. Nna, V. U., Usman, U. Z., Ofutet, E. O., Owu, D. U., 2017: Quercetin exerts preventive, ameliorative and prophylactic effects on cadmium chloride-induced oxidative stress in the uterus and ovaries of female Wistar rats. Food Chem. Toxicol., 102, 143–155. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.010.10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.01028229914
- 53. Paksy, K., Varga, B., Naray, M., Kiss, I., Folly, G., Ung-vary, G., 1990: Uptake and distribution of Cd in the ovaries, adrenals and pituitary in pseudopregnant rats. Effects of Cd on progesterone levels. Environ. Res., 51, 83–89. DOI: 10. 1016/s0013-9351(05)80184-7.10.1016/S0013-9351(05)80184-7
- 54. Paksy, K., Varga, B., Lázár, P., 1992: Cadmium interferes with steroid biosynthesis in rat granulosa and luteal cells in vitro. Biometals, 5, 245–250.10.1007/BF01061225
- 55. Paksy, K., Rajczy, K., Forgacs, Z., Lazár, P., Bernard, A., Gati, I., et al., 1997: Effect of cadmium on morphology and steroidogenesis of cultured human ovarian granulosa cells. J. Appl. Toxicol., 17, 321–327. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1263 (199709)17:5<321:aid-jat443>3.0.co;2-e.10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199709)17:5<321::AID-JAT443>3.0.CO;2-E
- 56. Patra, R. C., Rautray, A. K., Swarup, D., 2011: Oxidative stress in lead and cadmium toxicity and its amelioration. Vet. Med. Int., 2011, 457327. DOI: 10.4061/2011/457327.10.4061/2011/457327
- 57. Piasek, M., Blanusa, M., Kostial, K., Laskey, J. W., 2001: Placental cadmium and progesterone concentrations in cigarette smokers. Reprod. Toxicol., 15, 673–681. DOI: 10.1016/s0890-6238(01)00174-5.10.1016/S0890-6238(01)00174-5
- 58. Piasek, M., Laskey, J. W., 1994: Acute cadmium exposure and ovarian steroidogenesis in cycling and pregnant rats. Re-prod. Toxicol., 8, 495–507.10.1016/0890-6238(94)90032-9
- 59. Piasek, M., Laskey, J. W., 1999: Effects of in vitro exposure on ovarian steroidogenesis in rats. J. Appl. Toxicol., 19, 211–217.10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199905/06)19:3<211::AID-JAT568>3.0.CO;2-4
- 60. Pillai, P., Pandya, C., Gupta, S., Gupta, S., 2010: Biochemical and molecular effects of gestational and lactational coexposure to lead and cadmium on ovarian steroidogenesis are associated with oxidative stress in F1 generation rats. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 24, 384–394. DOI: 10.1002/jbt. 20351.10.1002/jbt.20351
- 61. Prozialeck, W. C., Edwards, J. R., Nebert, D. W., Woods, J. M., Barchowsky, A., Atchison, W. D., 2008: The vascular system as a target of metal toxicity. Toxicol. Sci., 102, 207–218. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfm263.10.1093/toxsci/kfm263
- 62. Qu, J., Wang, Q. X., Li, Y., 2022: The environment and female reproduction: Potential mechanism of cadmium poisoning to the growth and development of ovarian follicle. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 244, 114029. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv. 2022.114029.10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114029
- 63. Rani, A., Kumar, A., Lal, A., Pant, M., 2014:Cellular mechanisms of cadmium-induced toxicity: A review. Intern. J. Environ. Health Res., 24, 378–399. DOI: 10.1080/09603123. 2013.835032.10.1080/09603123.2013.835032
- 64. Rehm, S., Waalkes, M. P., 1988: Cadmium-induced ovarian toxicity in hamsters, mice and rats. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 10, 635–647.10.1093/toxsci/10.4.635
- 65. Ronchetti, S. A., Miler, E. A., Duvilanski, B. H., Cabilla, J. P., 2013: Cadmium mimics oestrogen-driven cell proliferation and prolactin secretion from anterior pituitary cells. PLOS ONE, 8, e81101.10.1371/journal.pone.0081101
- 66. Rzymski, P., Tomczyk, K., Rzymski, P., Poniedzialek, B., Opala, T., Wilczak, M., 2015: Impact of heavy metals on the female reproductive system. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med., 22, 259–264. DOI: 10.5604/12321966.115207.10.5604/12321966.1152077
- 67. Saksena, S. K., Salmonsen, R., 1983: Effects of cadmium chloride on ovulation and on induction of sterility in the female golden hamster. Biol. Reprod., 29, 249–256.10.1095/biolreprod29.1.249
- 68. Samuel, J. B. L., Stanley, J. A., Princess, R. A., Shanthi, P., Sebastian, M. S., 2011: Gestational cadmium exposure-induced ovotoxicity delays puberty through oxidative stress and impaired steroid hormone levels. J. Med. Toxicol., 7, 195–204. DOI: 10.1007/s13181-011-0143-9.10.1007/s13181-011-0143-9355021121373971
- 69. Shen, L. J., Zhou, I. F., Jin, T. I., 2001: Experimental study on the oestrogen-like effect of cadmium. J. Labour Med., 18, 67–69.
- 70. Siu, E. R., Mruk, D. D., Porto, C. S., Cheng, C. Y., 2009: Cadmium-induced testicular injury. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 238, 240–249. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.028.10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.028280491019236889
- 71. Smida, A. D., Valderrama, X. P., Agostini, M. C., Furlan, M. A., Chedrese, J., 2004: Cadmium stimulates transcription of the cytochrome p450 side chain cleavage gene in genetically modified stable porcine granulosa cells. Biol. Reprod., 70, 25–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.028.10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.028
- 72. Stohs, S. J., Bagchi, D., Hassoun, E., Bagchi, M., 2000: Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol., 19, 201–213.
- 73. Stohs, S. J., Bagchi, D., Hassoun, E., Bagchi, M., 2001: Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol., 20, 77–88.10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.v20.i2.10
- 74. Stoica, A., Katzenellenbogen, B. S., Martin, M. B., 2000: Activation of estrogen receptor-α by the heavy metal cadmium. Mol. Endocrinol., 14, 545–552. DOI: 10.1210/mend.14.4.0441.10.1210/mend.14.4.044110770491
- 75. Takiguchi, M., Yoshihara, S., 2006: New aspects of cadmium as endocrine disruptor. J. Environ. Sci., 13, 107–116.
- 76. Templeton, D. M., Liu, Y., 2010: Multiple roles of cadmium in cell death and survival. Chemico-Biological Interact., 188, 267–275. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.03.040.10.1016/j.cbi.2010.03.04020347726
- 77. Thévenod, F., 2009: Cadmium and cellular signalling cascades: To be or not to be ? Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 2, 238–239. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.013.10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.01319371614
- 78. Thévenod, F., 2010: Catch me if you can ! Novel aspects of cadmium transport in mammalian cells. Biometals, 23, 857–875. DOI: 10.1007/s10534-010-9309-1.10.1007/s10534-010-9309-120204475
- 79. Thévenod, F., Lee, W. K., 2013: Cadmium and cellular signalling cascades: Interactions between cell death and survival pathways. Arch. Toxicol., 87, 1743–1786.10.1007/s00204-013-1110-923982889
- 80. Thompson J., Bannigan, J., 2008: Cadmium: toxic effects on the reproductive system and the embryo. Reprod. Toxicol., 25, 304–315. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.02.001.10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.02.00118367374
- 81. Van Kerkhove, E., Pennemans, V., Swennen, Q., 2010: Cadmium and transport of ions and substances across cell membranes and epithelia. Biom etals, 23, 823–855. DOI: 10. 1007/s10534-010-9357-6.10.1007/s10534-010-9357-620582616
- 82. Varga, B., Paksy, K., Náray, M., 1991: Distribution of cadmium in ovaries, adrenals and pituitary gland after chronic administration in rats. Acta Physiol. Hung.,78, 221–226.
- 83. Vaskivuo, T. E., Anttonen, M., Herva, R., et al., 2001: Survival of human ovarian follicles from foetal to adult life: Apoptosis, apoptosis-related proteins, and transcription factor GATA-4. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 86, 3421–3429. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.7.7679.10.1210/jcem.86.7.767911443219
- 84. Vrsanska, S., Nagyova, E., Mlynarcikova, A., Fickova, M., Kolena, J., 2003: Components of cigarette smoke inhibit expansion of oocyte-cumulus complexes from porcine follicles. Physiol. Res., 52, 383–387.10.33549/physiolres.930408
- 85. Waalkes, M. P., Anver, M. R., Diwan, B., 1999: Chronic toxic and carcinogenic effects of oral cadmium in the Noble (NBL/Cr) rat: Induction of neoplastic and proliferative lesions of the adrenal, kidney, prostate, and testes. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health., 58, 199–214. DOI: 10.1080/009841099157296.10.1080/00984109915729610591488
- 86. Waalkes, M. P., 2003: Cadmium carcinogenesis. Mutat. Res., 533, 107–120. DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.011.10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.07.01114643415
- 87. Waisberg, M., Joseph, P., Hale, B., Beyersmann, D., 2003: Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cadmium carcinogen-esis. Toxicology, 192, 95–117. DOI: 10.1016/s0300-483x(03) 00305-6.10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00305-6
- 88. Wan, X., Zhu, J.., Zhu, Y., Zhu, Y., Ma, X., Zheng, Y, et al., 2010: Rat ovarian follicle bioassay reveals adverse effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) exposure on follicle development and oocyte maturation. Toxicol. Industr. Health., 26, 9, 609–618. DOI: 10.1177/0748233710375949.10.1177/074823371037594920630984
- 89. Wan, L., Zhang, H., 2012: Cadmium toxicity: Effects on cytoskeleton, vesicular trafficking and cell wall reconstruction. Plant Signal. Behav., 7, 345–348.10.4161/psb.18992344391622499203
- 90. Wang, B., Shao, C., Li, Y., Tan, Y., Cai, L., 2012: Cadmium and its epigenetic effects. Curr. Med. Chem., 19, 2611–2620. DOI: 10.2174/092986712800492913.10.2174/09298671280049291322471978
- 91. Wang, Y., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Fan, R., Qiu, C., Zhong, S., et al., 2015: Effect of cadmium on cellular structure in mouse ovary. Ultrastruct. Pathol., 39, 324–328.10.3109/01913123.2015.102743626107819
- 92. World Health Organisation (WHO), 1992: Environmental Health Criteria 134, Cadmium. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), Geneva 4. 280 pp.
- 93. Yang, X. J., Yao, H. J., Wang, Y. F., 2004: Advances in the research of oocyte apoptosis in mammals. Zoology, 39, 101–106.
- 94. Yu, R. A., 2000: Cadmium and DNA damage, cancer gene expression as well as cell apoptosis. Overseas Med. Health Fascicl., 27, 359–363.
- 95. Zenzes, M. T., Krishnan, S., Krishnan, B., Zhang, H., Casper, R. F., 1995: Cadmium accumulation in follicular fluid of women in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer is higher in smokers. Fertil. Steril., 64, 599–603. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57799-1.10.1016/S0015-0282(16)57799-17641916
- 96. Zhang, W., Jia, H., 2007: Effect and mechanism of cadmium on the progesterone synthesis of ovaries. Toxicology, 239, 204–212. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.07.007.10.1016/j.tox.2007.07.00717719163
- 97. Zhang, W. C., Wu, Z. R., Li, H. Y., et al., 2002: Studies on the stimulating reaction of pituitary and ovary to sexual hormones in cadmium-induced rats. J. Health Toxicol., 16, 24–26. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.07.016.10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.07.01618708132
- 98. Zhang, W., Pang, F., Huang, Y., Yan, P., Lin, W., 2008: Cadmium exerts toxic effects on ovarian steroid hormone release in rats. Toxicol. Lett., 182, 18–23.10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.07.016
- 99. Zhang, W., Wu, T., Zhang, C., Luo, L., Xie, M., Huang, H., 2017: Cadmium exposure in newborn rats ovary induces developmental disorders of primordial follicles and the differential expression of SCF/c-kit gene. Toxicol. Lett., 280, 20–28. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.08.004.10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.08.00428801138
- 100. Zhang, T., Gao, X., Luo, X., Li, L., Ma, M., Zhu, Y., et al., 2019: The effects of long-term exposure to low doses of cadmium on the health of the next generation of mice. Chem. Biol. Interact., 1, 312. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108792.10.1016/j.cbi.2019.10879231491373
- 101. Zhang, W., Yang, J., Wang, J., Xia, P., Xu, Y., Jia, H., et al., 2007: Comparative studies on the increase of uterine weight and related mechanisms of cadmium and p-nonylphenol. Toxicology, 241, 84–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.08.089.10.1016/j.tox.2007.08.08917920748
- 102. Zhou, C., Zhang, X.,Chen, Y., Liu, X., Sun, Y., Xiong, B., 2019: Glutathione alleviates the cadmium exposure-caused porcine oocyte meiotic defects via eliminating the excessive ROS. Environ. Pollut., 255, 113194. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol. 2019.113194.10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113194
- 103. Zhu, J. Q., Liu, Y., Zhang, J. H., Liu, Y. F., Cao, J. Q., Huang, Z. T., et al., 2018: Cadmium exposure of female mice impairs the meiotic maturation of oocytes and subsequent embryonic development. Toxicol. Sci., 164, 289–299. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy089.10.1093/toxsci/kfy08929684212