References
- 1. Baumhak, M. J., Michima, L. E. S., Andrioli, B. M., Brandi, R. A., Weigel, R. A., Belli, M. N. C. B., Siqueira, R. F., 2021: Buffering capacity and faecal pH in healthy horses submitted to experimental enteral nutrition. Semin. Cienc. Agrar., 42, 6, 3793–3802. DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6Supl2 p3793.10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6Supl2
- 2. Berg, M., Hoskin, S. O., Rogers, Ch. W., Grinberg, A., 2013: Faecal pH and microbial populations in thoroughbred horses during transition from pasture to concentrate feeding. J. Equine Vet., 33, 4, 215–222. DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.06.004.10.1016/j.jevs.2012.06.004
- 3. Bergeland, M. E., Henry, S. C., 1982: Infectious diarrhoeas of young pigs. Vet. Clin. North Am. Large Anim. Pract., 4, 2, 389–399. DOI: 10.1016/s0196-9846(17)30113-1.10.1016/S0196-9846(17)30113-171326976761948
- 4. Chiang, C. C., Croom, J., Chuang, S. T., Chiou, P. W. S., Yu, B., 2008: Development of a dynamic system simulating pig gastric digestion. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 21, 10, 1522–1528. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2008.70640.10.5713/ajas.2008.70640
- 5. Coffey, M. T., Seerley, R. W., Mabry, J. W., 1982: The effect of source of supplemental dietary energy on sows’ milk yield, milk composition and litter performance. J. Anim. Sci., 55, 1388–1394.10.2527/jas1982.5561388x7161211
- 6. Diem, K., Lentner, C., 1970: Faeces. In Scientific Tables, 7th edn., Basle, Switzerland, CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., 657–660.
- 7. Fukuda, S., Toh, H., Hase, K., Oshima, K., Nakanishi, Y., Yoshimura, K., et al., 2011: Bifidobacteria can protect from enteropathogenic infection through production of acetate. Nature, 469, 543–547.10.1038/nature0964621270894
- 8. Hydock, K. L., Nissley, S. G., Staniar, W. B., 2014: A standard protocol for faecal pH measurement in the horse. Prof. Anim. Sci., 30, 6, 643–648. DOI: 10.15232/pas. 2014-01346.10.15232/pas.2014-01346
- 9. Kasırga, E., 2019: The importance of stool tests in diagnosis and follow-up of gastrointestinal disorders in children. Turk. Pediatri. Ars., 25, 54, 3, 141–148. DOI: 10.14744/TurkPedia triArs.2018.00483.
- 10. Kent, J. C., Arthur, P. G., Hartmann, P. E., 1998: Citrate, calcium, phosphate and magnesium in sows’ milk at initiation of lactation. J. Dairy Res., 65, 55–68.10.1017/S0022029997002574
- 11. Kim, Y. Y., Kil, D. Y., Oh, H. K., Han, I. K., 2005: Acidifier as an alternative material to antibiotics in animal feed. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 18, 1048–1060.10.5713/ajas.2005.1048
- 12. Maes, D., Chantziaras, I., Vallaey, E., Demeyere, K., Meyer, E., Janssens, G. P. J., 2021: Faecal pH throughout the reproductive cycle of sows in commercial pig herds. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl.), 105, 4, 687‒692. DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13370.10.1111/jpn.1337032306451
- 13. McCormack, U., Curião, T., Wilkinson, T., Metzler-Zebeli, B., Reyer, H., Ryan, T., Lawlor, P., 2018: Faecal microbiota transplantation in gestating sows and neonatal offspring alters lifetime intestinal microbiota and growth in offspring. mSystems, 3, 3, e00134-17. DOI: 10.1128/mSystems. 00134-17.10.1128/mSystems.00134-17
- 14. Niederwerder, M., Jaing, C., Thissen, J., Cino-Ozuna, A., McLoughlin, K., Rowland, R., 2016: Microbiome associations in pigs with the best and worst clinical outcomes following co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Vet. Microbiol., 188, 1–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic. 2016.03.008.10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.03.008
- 15. Nuntapaitoon, M., Juthamanee, P., Theil, P. K., Tummaruk, P., 2020: Impact of sow parity on yield and composition of colostrum and milk in Danish Landrace × Yorkshire cross-bred sows. Prev. Vet. Med., 181, 105085.10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.10508532653489
- 16. Nuntapaitoon, M., 2022: Colostrum and milk in sow. In Milk Protein ‒ New Research Approaches. IntechOpen. DOI: 10. 5772/intechopen.102890.10.5772/intechopen.102890
- 17. Osuka, A., Shimizu, K., Ogura, H., Tasaki, O., Hamasaki, T., Asahara, T., et al., 2012: Prognostic impact of faecal pH in critically ill patients. Crit. Care, 10, 16, 4, R119, DOI: 10. 1186/cc11413.10.1186/cc11413358069622776285
- 18. Quesnel, H., Farmer, C., Devillers, N., 2012: Colostrum intake: Influence on piglet performance and factors of variation. Livest. Sci., 46, 105–114.10.1016/j.livsci.2012.03.010
- 19. Quesnel, H., Farmer, C., Theil, P. K., 2015: Colostrum and milk production. In The Gestating and Lactating Sow. Wage-ningen Academic Publishers, The Netherland, 173–192.10.3920/978-90-8686-803-2_8
- 20. Sciascia, Q. L., Daş G., Metges, C. C., 2016: Review. The pig as a model for humans: Effects of nutritional factors on intestinal function and health, J. Anim. Sci., 94, Suppl. 3, 441–452, DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-978810.2527/jas.2015-9788
- 21. Snoeck, V., Cox, E., Verdonck, F., Joensuu, J. J., Godde-eris, B. M., 2004: Influence of porcine intestinal pH and gastric digestion on antigenicity of F4 fimbriae for oral immunisation. Vet. Microbiol., 14, 98, 1, 45–53. DOI: 10.1016/j.vet mic.2003.10.020.10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.10.020
- 22. Tortora, G. J., Anagnostakos, N. P., 1987: Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 5th edn., Harper and Row Publishers., New York, 624 pp.
- 23. Wen, X., Wang, L., Zheng, C., Yang, X., Ma, X., Wu, Y., Jiang, Z., 2018: Faecal scores and microbial metabolites in weaned piglets fed different protein sources and levels. Anim. Nutr., 4, 31–36. DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.10.00610.1016/j.aninu.2017.10.006611236030167481
- 24. Whitehouse, C., Pagan, J. D., Coleman, R. J., 2013: Responses in faecal pH from low to high starch intakes in healthy horses. J. Equine Vet. Sci., 33, 5, 358–359.10.1016/j.jevs.2013.03.090
- 25. Yue, S., Li, Z., Hu, F., et al., 2020: Curing piglets from diarrhoea and preparation of a healthy microbiome with Bacillus treatment for industrial animal breeding. Sci. Rep., 10, 19476. DOI: /10.1038/s41598-020-75207-1.10.1038/s41598-020-75207-1765645633173074