References
- 1. Acierno, M. J., Brown, S., Coleman, A. E., et al., 2018: ACVIM consensus statement: Guidelines for the identification, evaluation, and management of systemic hypertension in dogs and cats. J. Vet. Intern. Med., 32, 6, 1803—1822. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15331.10.1111/jvim.15331627131930353952
- 2. Acland, G. M., Aguirre, G. D., 1986: Sudden acquired retinal degeneration: clinical signs and diagnosis. Trans. Am. Coll. Vet. Ophthalmol., 17, 58—63.
- 3. Acland, G. M., Irby, N. L., Aguirre, G. D., et al., 1984: Sudden acquired retinal degeneration in the dog: clinical and morphologic characterization of the “silent retina” syndrome. Trans. Am. Coll. Vet. Ophthalmol., 15, 86—104.
- 4. Ahonen, S. J., Pietilä, E., Mellersh, C. S., Tiira, K., Hansen, L., Johnson, G. S., Lohi, H., 2013: Genome-wide association study identifies a novel canine glaucoma locus. PLOS ONE, 8, 8, e70903. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070903.10.1371/journal.pone.0070903373726323951034
- 5. Auten, C. R., Thomasy, S. M., Kass, P. H., Good, K. L., Hollingsworth, S. R., Maggs, D. J., 2018: Cofactors associated with Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome: 151 dogs within a reference population. Vet. Ophthalmol., 21, 3, 264—272. DOI: 10.1111/vop.12504.10.1111/vop.1250428845542
- 6. Balicki, I., Balicka, A., Szadkowski, M., Trbolova, A., 2019: Assessment of the geriatric retina in mixed breed dogs using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In Proc. Ann. Sci. Meet. Europ. Coll. Vet. Ophthalmol., Antwerp, Belgium, May 23—26. Vet. Ophthalmol., 22, E1—E27.
- 7. Beam, S., Correa, M. T., Davidson, M. G., 1999: A retrospective-cohort study on the development of cataracts in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 200 cases. Vet. Ophthalmol., 2, 3, 169—172. DOI: 10.1046/j.1463-5224.1999.00073.x.10.1046/j.1463-5224.1999.00073.x11397260
- 8. Bedford, P., 2006: Hereditary retinal diseases. In Proceedings of World Congress WSAVA/FECAVA/CSAVA, Prague, Czech Republic, October 11—14, 609—610.
- 9. Bellows, J., Colitz, C. M. H., Daristotle, L., et al., 2015: Common physical and functional changes associated with aging in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 246, 1, 67—75. DOI: 10. 2460/javma.246.1.67.10.2460/javma.246.1.6725517328
- 10. Braus, B. K., Hauck, S. M., Amann, B., Heinrich, C., Fritsche, J., Köstlin, R., Deeg, C. A., 2008: Neuron-specific enolase antibodies in patients with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 124, 1—2, 177—183. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.02.020.10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.02.02018405980
- 11. Bromberg, N. M., 2013:Your Dog Needs Bifocals—Geriatric Changes in the Eyes of Dogs and Cats. https://www.sagecenters.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/Brochure_Geriatric_6‒10.pdf.
- 12. Catchpole, B., Ristic, J. M., Fleeman, L. M., Davison, L. J., 2005: Canine diabetes mellitus: can old dogs teach us new tricks ? Diabetologia, 48, 10, 1948—1956. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-005-1921-1.10.1007/s00125-005-1921-116151773
- 13. Dubielzig, R. R., Ketring, K., McLellan, G. J., Albert, D. M., 2010:Veterinary Ocular Pathology. Elsevier, Philadelphia, 456 pp.
- 14. Fortney, W. D., 2012: Implementing a successful senior/geriatric health care program for veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and office managers. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Small Anim. Pract., 42, 4, 823—834. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.04.011.10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.04.01122720816
- 15. Gao, H., Hollyfield, J. G., 1992: Ageing of the human retina. Differential loss of neurons and retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 33, 1, 1—17.
- 16. Gelatt, K. N., MacKay, E. O., 2004: Prevalence of the breed- related glaucomas in pure-bred dogs in North America. Vet. Ophthalmol., 7, 2, 97—111. DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2004. 04006.x.
- 17. Gomes, D., Otsuki, D. A., Lisaki, R., De Mendonça, Safatle Vaz, A., 2013: Generalized progressive retinal atrophy in Cocker Spaniel dogs. Cienc. Rural., 43, 1405—1414.10.1590/S0103-84782013005000101
- 18. Grahn, B. H., Peiffer, R. L., 2013: Veterinary ophthalmic pathology. In Gelatt, K. N., Gilger, B. C., Kern, T. J.:Veterinary Ophthalmology. 5th edn., Wiley-Blackwell, New Jersey, 435—523.
- 19. Grozdanic, S. D., Lazic, T., 2013: Early detection of auto-immune retinopathies (SARD and IMR) in dogs with normal day vision (Abstract). In Proc. 44th Ann. Meet. Am. Coll. Vet. Ophthalmol., Puerto Rico, USA, November 4—9. Vet. Ophthalmol., 16, 6, E26—E50.10.1111/vop.12116
- 20. Herring, I. P., Panciera, D. L, Werre, S. R., 2014: Longitudinal prevalence of hypertension, proteinuria, and retinopathy in dogs with spontaneous diabetes mellitus. J. Vet. Intern. Med., 28, 2, 488—495. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12286.10.1111/jvim.12286485802124417733
- 21. Heywood, R., Hepworth, P. L., Abbe, N. J., 1976: Age changes in the eyes of the Beagle dog. J. Small Anim. Pract., 17, 3, 171—177. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1976.tb06588.x.10.1111/j.1748-5827.1976.tb06588.x1263468
- 22. Kelawala, D. N., Patil, D. B., Parikh, P. V., Sheth, M. J., Joshi, C. G., Reddy, B., 2017: Clinical studies on progressive retinal atrophy in 31 dogs. Iran J. Vet. Res., 18, 2, 119—123.
- 23. Koestner, A., Higgins, R. J., 2002: Tumours of the nervous system. In Meuten, D. J.:Tumours in Domestic Animals, 4th edn., Iowa State Press, Ames, 697—738.10.1002/9780470376928.ch14
- 24. Komáromy, A. M., Abrams, K. L., Heckenlively, J. R., Lundy, S. K., Maggs, D. J., Leeth, C. M., et al., 2016: Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS)—a review and proposed strategies toward a better understanding of pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and therapy. Vet. Ophthalmol., 19, 4, 319—331. DOI: 10.1111/vop.12291.10.1111/vop.1229126096588
- 25. Kuchtey, J., Kunkel, J., Esson, D., Sapienza, J. S., Ward, D. A., Plummer, C. E., et al., 2013: Screening ADAMTS10 in dog populations supports Gly661Arg as the glaucoma-causing variant in beagles. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 54, 3, 1881—1886. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.12-10796.10.1167/iovs.12-10796360490723422823
- 26. Kuchtey, J., Olson, L. M., Rinkoski, T., Mackay, E. O., Iverson, T. M., Gelatt, K. N., et al., 2011: Mapping of the disease locus and identification of ADAMTS10 as a candidate gene in a canine model of primary open angle glaucoma. PLOS Genetics, 7, 2, e1001306.10.1371/journal.pgen.1001306304064521379321
- 27. Kuroki, K., Kice, N., Ota-Kuroki, J., 2017: Retinal astrocytoma in a dog. Can. Vet. J., 58, 9, 919—922.
- 28. Leblanc, N. L., Stepien, R. L., Bentley, E., 2011: Ocular lesions associated with systemic hypertension in dogs: 65 cases (2005—2007). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 238, 7, 915—921. DOI: 10.2460/javma.238.7.915.10.2460/javma.238.7.915418735921453181
- 29. LeCoteur, R. A., Withrow, S. J., 2007: Tumors of the nervous system. In Withrow, S., Vail, D.:Withrow and Mac Ewen’s Small Animal Clinical Oncology. 4th edn., Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, 659—685.10.1016/B978-072160558-6.50032-0
- 30. Littman, M. P., Robertson, J. L., Bovée, K. C., 1988: Spontaneous systemic hypertension in dogs: five cases (1981— 1983). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 193, 4, 486—494.
- 31. Maggio, F., 2015: Glaucomas. Top. Companion Anim. Med., 30, 3, 86—96. DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2015.07.011.10.1053/j.tcam.2015.07.01126494500
- 32. Mclellan, G. J., Narfstrom, K., 2014: The fundus. In Gould, D., McLellan, G. J.:BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Ophthalmology. 3rd edn., BSAVA, Gloucester, 322—356.10.22233/9781910443170.18
- 33. McLellan, G. J., Rasmussen, C. A., 2012: Optical coherence tomography for the evaluation of retinal and optic nerve morphology in animal subjects: practical considerations. Vet. Ophthalmol., 15, 2, 13—28. DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2012. 01045.x.
- 34. Metzger, F. L., 2005: Senior and geriatric care programs for veterinarians. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract., 35, 3, 743—753. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2004.12.005.10.1016/j.cvsm.2004.12.00515833568
- 35. Miller, P. E., 2017: The eye and the vision In Maggs, D. J., Miller, P. E., Ofri, R.:Slatter’s Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmology. 6th edn., Saunders Elsevier, St Louis, 1—17.
- 36. Miller, P. E., 2017: The glaucomas. In Maggs, D. J., Miller, P. E., Ofri, R.:Slatter’s Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmology. 6th edn., Saunders Elsevier, St Louis, 279—305.
- 37. Miller, P. E., Pickett, J. P., Majors, L. J., Kurzman, I. D., 1991: Evaluation of two applanation tonometers in cats. Am. J. Vet. Res., 52, 1, 1917—1921.
- 38. Miller, P. E., et al, 1991: Clinical comparison of the Mackay Marg and Tono Pen applanation tonometers in the dogs. Prog. Vet. Compar. Ophthalmol., 1, 171—176.
- 39. Millichamp, N. J., Curtis, R., Barnett, K. C., 1988: Progressive retinal atrophy in Tibetan terriers. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 192, 6, 769—776.
- 40. Miyadera, K., Acland, G. M., Aguirre, G. D., 2012: Genetic and phenotypic variations of inherited retinal diseases in dogs: the power of within- and across-breed studies. Mamm. Genome, 23, 1—2, 40—6. DOI: 10.1007/s00335-011-9361-3.10.1007/s00335-011-9361-3394249822065099
- 41. Naranjo, C., Schobert, C., Dubielzig, R. R., 2008: Canine ocular gliomas: A retrospective study. Vet. Ophthalmol., 11, 6, 356—362. DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2008.00658.x.10.1111/j.1463-5224.2008.00658.x19046275
- 42. Narfstrom, K., Petersen-Jones, S., 2013: Diseases of the canine ocular fundus. In Gelatt, K. N., Gilger, B. C., Kern, T. J.:Veterinary Ophthalmology. 5th edn., Wiley-Blackwell, New Jersey, 1303—1392.
- 43. Ofri, R., 2017: Disease of retina. In Maggs, D. J., Miller, P. E., Ofri, R.:Slatter’s Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmology. 6th edn., Saunders Elsevier, St Louis, 347—389.
- 44. Osinchuk, S. C., Leis, M. L., Salpeter, E. M., Sandmeyer, L. S., Grahn, B. H., 2019: Evaluation of retinal morphology of canine sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome using optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. Vet. Ophthalmol., 22, 4, 398—406. DOI: 10.1111/vop.12602.10.1111/vop.1260230136357
- 45. Rubin, L. F., 1974:Atlas of Veterinary Ophthalmoscopy. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 83 pp.
- 46. Samuelson, D. A, 2013: Ophthalmic anatomy. In Gelatt, K. N., Gilger, B. C., Kern, T. J.:Veterinary Ophthalmology. 5th edn., Wiley-Blackwell, New Jersey, 39‒170.
- 47. Sansom, J., Bodey, A., 1997: Ocular signs in four dogs with hypertension. Vet. Rec., 140, 23, 593—598. DOI: 10.1136/vr. 140.23.593.
- 48. Schmidt, G. M., Vainisi, S. J., 2004: Retrospective study of prophylactic random trans scleral retinopexy in the Bichon Frise with cataract. Vet. Ophthalmol., 7, 5, 307—310. DOI: 10. 1111/j.1463-5224.2004.04046.x.10.1111/j.1463-5224.2004.04046.x15310289
- 49. Snyder, J. M., Shofer, F. S., Van Winkle, T. J., et al., 2006: Canine intracranial primary neoplasia: 173 cases (1986— 2003). J. Vet. Intern. Med., 20, 3, 669—675. DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(2006)20[669:cipnc]2.0.co;2.
- 50. Stades, F. C., Wyman, M., Boeve, M., Neumann, W., Spiess, B., 2007:Ophthalmology for the Veterinary Practitioner. 2nd edn., Schlutersche, Hannover, 257 pp.
- 51. Stuckey, J. A., Pearce, J. W., Giuliano, E. A., Cohn, L. A., Bentley, E., Rankin, A. J., et al., 2013: Long-term outcome of sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 243, 10, 1425—1431. DOI: 10. 2460/javma.243.10.1426.10.2460/javma.243.10.142624171371
- 52. Summers, B. A., Cummings. J. F., De Lahunta, A., 1995:Veterinary Neuropathology. Mosby, St. Louis, 527 pp.
- 53. Van der Woerdt, A., Nasisse, M. P., Davidson, M. G., 1991: Sudden acquired retinal degeneration in the dog: clinical and laboratory findings in 36 cases. PVCO, 1, 11—18.
- 54. Villagrasa, M., Cascales, M. J., 2000: Arterial hypertension: angiographic aspects of the ocular fundus in dogs. A study of 24 cases. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 238, 7, 915—921.
- 55. Violette, N. P, Ledbetter, E. C., 2018: Punctate retinal haemorrhage and its relation to ocular and systemic disease in dogs: 83 cases. Vet. Ophthalmol., 21, 3, 233—239. DOI: 10.1111/vop.12496.10.1111/vop.1249628799185