Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3
![Diagram of a kernmantle rope loading system for sheath slippage testing [6,7]: F – loading force, V – rope movement speed, 1 –kernmantle rope tested, 2 – movable steel plates, 3 – fixed steel plates](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6471db5a215d2f6c89db32a9/j_ftee-2022-0053_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKDEPP74D7%2F20260220%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260220T142357Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEM3%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJHMEUCIQDOU7svQq7r8kB1fg1VYCMaC33%2FF%2BqZRmi7x7aJbI2kMQIgcJqbQW4vaNxVeiw1oNMagBop%2Bx9jKwpF88LCqm0wAkcqxAUIlv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgw5NjMxMzQyODk5NDAiDDUaFyxT24mHcqe9PiqYBYdQ5Sk9hCQxBz04FmhtFfXEMpFKX7B24BtVrSd%2BmBJVKxwQQv8Mo6J3WUeXbtmRZWzKgSkCgCCLJhejUFJ76QWrCAdSm0sRZYVu7dQD9Kn2rpPOycvlnuzIdoSHjulKLSemG5x6gpKcjn1WcB%2B3B8NiM1eM4FrYbXWAie6XfMIAoxVC3fqzob3Le8NQI%2BWa7gvFG7Mi41xq5oAIMVOLTdY3ibBQCIHedpAd5KjyNYXJudURyzzuczhGLzXRE0QZ1Vy2qsHlYMNw6mR%2B4yNroWJXBb5zugQgu2qqDKQYJ7wkFA12BELKpd3xE3q%2B2eTObXOQ0vNN14nd0ifi5SUVySrwnpZQ60eTq83AOPCoHcvrgQiMl9Q2P0WZYMcgRmOcd7bR4vMFQOQLYsKd5QSYtC12h1tFRDfYsz3o70ha4VtLAdYHc1tFvmjIW1MnLtI7G8z26ua%2F0KZnCb2CpjjVCJVbIuVDThSW006OJPbZhh0J56pTBErMgB1MvwXrO%2FUIvsNGM14I23QBXsucPjZjXUoeV57YBJeZSCX08%2Fmq%2FlRDZrWbaPzigrrPGYM7BmYSqPM9R%2FyGgc9ttg%2FTXOHo6aCinFzzo%2FtD4rWV00sIuTRjgVKTifL%2BinVi8RJZPmRfbOcTXYwb9DaHnZFbL8e6WKcxb5%2B%2FFlCy8V1Xn2GNPR7OIxjP1x4vBoh6oAswE1HZX1Ie1O1PuSlBlTu7jPIrbZhwazlYaN7FlwtAIYMltdBtJStgerEivv7LcAUsCPI73f%2FBE7YyLvf8s5L6Apb0TfYi%2Bk%2FW0CwUidXOLMNSyWXNNLfllAlaO2gb%2BmC15m1wYEa2af2o0fSkjP5wx2WsuJbxYqwmZ8iHny8hUD8mb8FDWNjEwY%2B3Q0cwlKvhzAY6sQECJlrjGcaZBb%2Bh2Mau6gOlJldQTZv0hJQMqWoQfmO%2F2lnALgmmvBrH06qZrMjMO5zoEPpNTJy6H1yca8QHC3MHeUCqrUQoo6JryEHAqsHR4zkzjKCzRqw4tJwD8SKZkaVF0KwUP6FxyLA0d%2F%2BkptgOjn3qwwRLtJI6ohtAHxLc3yX367KrRCAecanQj44E1dLftmopp2neGbJs3SSSM%2F0KfWhxefMct6BP7vf9cKHirG4%3D&X-Amz-Signature=63e8fa284e0636197b1eaf9cda59f86f7de5df45bfcd563364d770abd077afc7&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Kernmantle ropes subjected to sheath slippage tests and the results obtained
| Rope symbol | Rope type | Rope diameter d [mm] | Mean sheath slippage SSm [mm] | Standard deviation SD [mm] | Coefficient of variation for SD Wsx [%] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | Titan 11 | 11 | 1.4 | 0.96177 | 68.7 |
| B | Iceline | 8.1 | −0.78 | 0.30332 | 38.9 |
| C | Aqualine | 9.5 | 10.6 | 0.41833 | 3.9 |
| D | Pro-Static | 10 | 1.5 | 0.61237 | 40.8 |
| E | Wall master VI | 10.5 | −1.06 | 0.43932 | 41.4 |
| F | Apollo II | 11 | −0.66 | 0.20736 | 31.4 |
| G | Performance Static | 12 | 7.5 | 1.11803 | 14.9 |
| H | Pes 12-K-24 | 12 | 5.1 | 1.20623 | 23.7 |
| I | Pa-200-12-K 24x2 | 12 | 10.1 | 1.48155 | 14.7 |
| J | Tendon | 11 | −2.66 | 0.4219 | 15.9 |
| K | Baobab Uni Core | 13.5 | 1.34 | 0.37815 | 28.2 |