Fig. 1
Guided type fall arrester protecting against falls from height with a flexible anchor line made of kernmantle rope: 1 – flexible anchor line (kernmantle rope), 2 – guided type fall arrester (A – closed, B – open)
Fig. 2
Examples of damage to flexible anchor line
Fig. 3
Diagram of a kernmantle rope loading system for sheath slippage testing [6,7]: F – loading force, V – rope movement speed, 1 –kernmantle rope tested, 2 – movable steel plates, 3 – fixed steel plates
Fig. 4
Design of the rope clamping module: 1 – the rope tested, 2 – movable and fixed plates, 3 – supporting structure, 4 – weights exerting a loading force of F = 50 N on the plates, 5 – Kevlar string I
Fig. 5
Sample design of plates on a stand for testing sheath slippage in kernmantle ropes: a – movable plate, b – fixed plate
Fig. 6
Stand for testing sheath slippage in kernmantle ropes: 1 – rope compression module, 2 –rope tested, 3 – Kevlar string I, 4 – drive module, 5 – Zwick testing machine
Fig. 7
Drive module of the stand for testing sheath slippage in kernmantle ropes: 1 – Kevlar string I, 2 – string I reel, 3 – Kevlar string II, 4 – string II roller, 5 – string II tensioner, V – traverse speed of the Zwick testing machine
Fig. 8
Speed of the test rope moving through the compression module over time
Fig. 9
Kernmantle ropes subjected to sheath slippage tests
Fig. 10
Sample results of kernmantle rope sheath slippage tests: A – negative displacement, B – positive displacement
Fig. 11
Results of kernmantle rope sheath slippage tests
Table 1
Kernmantle ropes subjected to sheath slippage tests and the results obtained
| Rope symbol | Rope type | Rope diameter d [mm] | Mean sheath slippage SSm [mm] | Standard deviation SD [mm] | Coefficient of variation for SD Wsx [%] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | Titan 11 | 11 | 1.4 | 0.96177 | 68.7 |
| B | Iceline | 8.1 | −0.78 | 0.30332 | 38.9 |
| C | Aqualine | 9.5 | 10.6 | 0.41833 | 3.9 |
| D | Pro-Static | 10 | 1.5 | 0.61237 | 40.8 |
| E | Wall master VI | 10.5 | −1.06 | 0.43932 | 41.4 |
| F | Apollo II | 11 | −0.66 | 0.20736 | 31.4 |
| G | Performance Static | 12 | 7.5 | 1.11803 | 14.9 |
| H | Pes 12-K-24 | 12 | 5.1 | 1.20623 | 23.7 |
| I | Pa-200-12-K 24x2 | 12 | 10.1 | 1.48155 | 14.7 |
| J | Tendon | 11 | −2.66 | 0.4219 | 15.9 |
| K | Baobab Uni Core | 13.5 | 1.34 | 0.37815 | 28.2 |