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Coefficients for Assessing the Visibility of Materials Used in Anti-Smog Face Masks Cover

Coefficients for Assessing the Visibility of Materials Used in Anti-Smog Face Masks

Open Access
|Oct 2022

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Materials studied: (a) – sample 1, blue nonwoven printed with an open star pattern, (b) – sample 2, white nonwoven printed with a solid star pattern
Materials studied: (a) – sample 1, blue nonwoven printed with an open star pattern, (b) – sample 2, white nonwoven printed with a solid star pattern

Fig. 2

Models of anti-smog half-masks: (a) – model A – sample 1, the outer layer printed with a phosphorescent open star pattern, (b) – model B – sample 2, the outer layer printed with a phosphorescent solid star pattern
Models of anti-smog half-masks: (a) – model A – sample 1, the outer layer printed with a phosphorescent open star pattern, (b) – model B – sample 2, the outer layer printed with a phosphorescent solid star pattern

Fig. 3

Studied half-mask models with phosphorescent patterns in a dark room: (a) model A - with an open star pattern, (b) model B - with a solid star pattern
Studied half-mask models with phosphorescent patterns in a dark room: (a) model A - with an open star pattern, (b) model B - with a solid star pattern

Fig. 4

MiniScan XE Plus reflectometer (USA) used for determining the reflectance coefficient and chromaticity coordinates
MiniScan XE Plus reflectometer (USA) used for determining the reflectance coefficient and chromaticity coordinates

Fig. 5

Luminance coefficient β for samples placed on white and grey nonwovens
Luminance coefficient β for samples placed on white and grey nonwovens

Fig. 6

Luminance coefficient β for samples 1 and 2 on a white nonwoven
Luminance coefficient β for samples 1 and 2 on a white nonwoven

Figure 7

Irradiated sample 1: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram
Irradiated sample 1: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram

Figure 8

Non-irradiated sample 1: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram
Non-irradiated sample 1: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram

Figure 9

Mean RGB values measured for the open star pattern outline
Mean RGB values measured for the open star pattern outline

Fig. 10

Irradiated sample 2: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram
Irradiated sample 2: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram

Fig. 11

Non-irradiated sample 2: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram.
Non-irradiated sample 2: (a) photograph of the star pattern; (b) histogram.

Fig. 12

Mean RGB values measured for the solid star pattern surface
Mean RGB values measured for the solid star pattern surface

RGB values measured for the outline of the open star pattern

Measurement No.Irradiated sampleNon-irradiated sample
RGBRGB
1498251483926
2518654494534
3537348554937
4537753453927
5507647444029
6587851494130
7509150494129
8507647524334
9487447474129
10487445534127
Mean5178.749.349.141.930.2
Standard deviation3.05.92.93.43.13.6

Luminance coefficient β and chromaticity coordinates for sample 1 on a black reference plate

Measurement No.Yxyβ
123.4600.2790.3050.235
222.6000.2770.3010.226
322.1800.2790.3040.222
422.8100.2780.3030.228
522.3300.2780.3030.223
622.9500.2780.3040.230
722.4000.2790.3040.224
823.3200.2800.3060.233
922.4300.2790.3040.224
1022.5200.2770.3020.225
Mean22.7000.2780.3030.227
Standard deviation0.4280.0010.0010.004

Luminance coefficient β and chromaticity coordinates for sample 2 on a black reference plate

Measurement No.Yxyß
139.2800.3130.3300.393
237.5000.3120.3280.375
337.7900.3130.3300.378
437.5300.3120.3280.375
540.1800.3130.3300.402
639.1700.3130.3300.392
740.0400.3130.3300.400
839.0800.3120.3290.391
940.9600.3130.3300.410
1040.8200.3130.3300.408
Mean39.2350.3130.3290.392
Standard deviation1.2940.0000.0010.013

Luminance coefficient β and chromaticity coordinates for sample 1 on a white reference plate

Measurement No.Yxyβ
141.9000.2700.2990.419
239.4800.2640.2930.395
341.4100.2700.2980.414
442.5100.2720.3010.425
538.2200.2670.2980.382
640.6300.2670.2950.406
739.7300.2670.2950.397
839.8100.2720.2980.398
939.4300.2680.2970.394
1038.8800.2670.2950.389
Mean40.2000.2680.2970.402
Standard deviation1.3750.0030.0020.014

Air flow resistance comparison for printed and non-printed material

No.Type of nonwoven fabricAir flow resistance, Pa
1Nonwoven fabric printed with an open star pattern23,5
2Nonwoven fabric printed with a solid star pattern28,7
3Nonwoven fabric without printing21,6

Luminance coefficient β and chromaticity coordinates for sample 1 on a grey nonwoven

Measurement No.Yxyβ
122.8700.2780.3030.229
224.2300.2800.3060.242
324.3500.2790.3040.244
423.0800.2780.3030.231
523.3400.2800.3050.233
623.7800.2790.3040.238
723.1200.2790.3030.231
823.7500.2790.3040.238
923.9200.2780.3030.239
1023.1900.2770.3020.232
Mean23.5630.2790.3040.236
Standard deviation0.5130.0010.0010.005

Luminance coefficient β and chromaticity coordinates for sample 2 on a white nonwoven

Measurement No.Yxyß
185.0600.3140.3330.851
285.0600.3150.3350.851
384.4900.3140.3320.845
484.3000.3140.3330.843
585.9600.3140.3330.860
685.8300.3140.3320.858
785.5800.3140.3320.856
883.7500.3150.3340.838
984.7600.3150.3330.848
1084.0300.3140.3320.840
Mean84.8820.3140.3330.849
Standard deviation0.7550.0010.0010.008

Luminance coefficient β and chromaticity coordinates for sample 2 on a white reference plate

Measurement No.Yxyß
184.2500.3140.3330.843
284.5100.3150.3350.845
384.0600.3130.3320.841
484.4700.3150.3350.845
583.2700.3140.3320.833
683.5100.3130.3310.835
783.9600.3140.3330.840
882.4900.3140.33`90.825
983.9700.3130.3310.840
1083.8900.3140.3320.839
Mean83.8380.3140.3330.838
Standard deviation0.6100.0010.0010.006

RGB values measured for the solid star pattern

Measurement No.Irradiated sampleNon-irradiated sample
RGBRGB
15613578567149
24513179587344
36212671587143
44412270526440
55512873556943
65112066577042
74412170506238
86011868546449
96013481567142
105313680584145
Mean53127.173.655.464.643.5
Standard deviation6.86.75.42.79.43.5

Luminance coefficient β and chromaticity coordinates for sample 1 on a white nonwoven

Measurement No.Yxyβ
140.5200.2660.2940.405
242.0800.2670.2940.421
341.3900.2650.2930.414
441.7500.2660.2940.418
543.3300.2680.2960.433
641.9000.2670.2940.419
742.8400.2720.2940.428
841.6000.2670.2960.416
942.4300.2680.2950.424
1042.4900.2700.2980.425
Mean42.0330.2680.2950.420
Standard deviation0.7950.0020.0010.008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0022 | Journal eISSN: 2300-7354 | Journal ISSN: 1230-3666
Language: English
Page range: 46 - 56
Published on: Oct 12, 2022
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open

© 2022 Agnieszka Brochocka, Grzegorz Owczarek, Joanna Szkudlarek, published by Łukasiewicz Research Network, Institute of Biopolymers and Chemical Fibres
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.