Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Environmental variables used and their sources_
| Bioclimatic/biophysical variables | Description | Contribution of predictor variables to the model for each species | Resolution | Sources | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afzelia africana | Pterocarpus erinaceus | ||||
| Bio_2 | Mean diurnal range (max temp - min temp) (monthly average) | X | X | ||
| Bio_4 | Seasonal temperature variation | X | X | 2,5 min | (Fick & Hijmans, 2017) |
| Bio_5 | Max temperature of warmest period | X | |||
| Bio.12 | Annual precipitation | X | X | ||
| Soil (biophysical v.) | Global soil types | X | X | ~0,54 min | (GLCF, 2023) |
Evaluation of the potential habitat suitability area for the species studied in Benin under current and future climatic conditions (HadGEM2-ES, MIROC5, RCP4_5 and RCP8_5)_
| Species | RCP | Models | Unsuitable | Low suitability | Medium suitability | High suitability | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Areas (km2) | Trends (%) | Areas (km2) | Trends (%) | Areas (km2) | Trends (%] | Areas (km2) | Trends (%) | |||
| A. africana | Current | 9638.82 | 15098.71 | 27488.52 | 62536.93 | |||||
| RCP4.5 | HadGEM2-ES | 10252.29 | 0.5 | 13537.21 | -1.3 | 43080.59 | 13 | 47892.89 | -12 | |
| MIR0C5 | 9582.75 | -0.04 | 12449.20 | -2 | 45089.21 | 15 | 47641.82 | -12 | ||
| RCP8.5 | HadGEM2-ES | 8578.44 | -0.9 | 17428.91 | 2 | 50194.44 | 19 | 38561.2 | -20 | |
| MIROC5 | 7239.37 | -2 | 21990.129 | 6 | 54860.27 | 23 | 30673.22 | -27 | ||
| P. erinaceus | Current | 16363.17 | 9745.70 | 22800.20 | 65853.92 | |||||
| RCP4.5 | HadGEM2-ES | 13704.58 | 2 | 9708.29 | -0.3 | 29522.45 | 5 | 61827.66 | -3 | |
| MIROC5 | 13892.9 | -2 | 7155.67 | -2 | 23266.45 | 0.4 | 70447.96 | 4 | ||
| RCP8.5 | HadGEM2-ES | 13495.36 | -2 | 15755.06 | 5 | 32807.37 | 8 | 52705.19 | -11 | |
| MIROC5 | 13704.59 | 2 | 4561.21 | -4 | 39963.05 | 14.9 | 56534.13 | -8 | ||
Relative contributions of the environmental variables to the model of each species (Percent contribution)_
| Species | Mean diurnal range (bio_2) | Seasonal temperature variation (bio_4) | Annual precipitation (bio_l2) | Max temperature of warmest month (bio_5) | Types of soil (soil) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. africana | 25.3% | 9.4% | 18.7% | - | 46.4% |
| P. erinaceus | 19.7% | 4.3% | 20.3% | 4.3% | 51.4% |