Ukrainian plain oak forests and their natural regeneration

Figures & Tables

The age structure of natural regeneration of pedunculate oak and its abundance under the canopy of oak stands of different ages, compositions, and relative densities_

Sample plot number	Total (thousand stems ha⁻¹)	Including variation of natural oak regeneration by age groups (numerator – thousand stems ha⁻¹, denominator – proportion of total number, %)				Abundance (%)
Sample plot number	Total (thousand stems ha⁻¹)	young seedling (up to 1 year)	2–3 years	4–8 years	9–15 years	Abundance (%)
60–100 year-old stands
1–6	1.0–2.6	0.1−2.410−100{{0.1 - 2.4} \over {10 - 100}}	0.2−0.78−50{{0.2 - 0.7} \over {8 - 50}}	0.1−0.610−40{{0.1 - 0.6} \over {10 - 40}}	0.1−0.310−25{{0.1 - 0.3} \over {10 - 25}}	40–50
110–150 year-old stands
7–10	2.8–10.3	0.6−9.920−96{{0.6 - 9.9} \over {20 - 96}}	0.4−3.34−85{{0.4 - 3.3} \over {4 - 85}}	0.3−0.615−30{{0.3 - 0.6} \over {15 - 30}}	0.1−0.510−35{{0.1 - 0.5} \over {10 - 35}}	45–80
160–200 year-old stands
11–15	3.0–11.0	0.8−10.027−91{{0.8 - 10.0} \over {27 - 91}}	0.7−4.09−73{{0.7 - 4.0} \over {9 - 73}}	0.4−0.914−27{{0.4 - 0.9} \over {14 - 27}}	0.2−1.47−36{{0.2 - 1.4} \over {7 - 36}}	60–85

Origin of oak stands	As of 2001		As of 2016		Changes

	Area (thousand ha)	Volume (million m³)	Area (thousand ha)	Volume (million m³)	Area (thousand ha)	Volume (million m³)
Vegetative	173	43.6	163	43.5	−10	−0.1
Natural seed	18	4.8	20	5.7	+2	+0.9
Planted seed	100	17.7	101	21.5	+1	+3.7

Total oak stands	291	66.1	284	70.7	−7	+4.5

Sample plot number	Characteristic of oak stands			The number of natural reproduction including pedunculate oak

	Stand composition	Age (years)	Relative density of stocking	Total	Thousand stems ha⁻¹	%
60–100 year-old stands

1	Oak 90%–Ash 10%	64	0.75	9.1	1.9	20.9
2	Oak 80%–Ash 20%	70	0.60	14.8	2.3	15.5
3	Oak 80%– Lime 10%– N-Maple 10%	83	0.88	11.1	2.6	23.4
4	Oak 60%–N-Maple 20%– Lime 10%–Ash 10%	84	0.61	25.9	1.4	5.4
5	Oak 60%–Lime 30%–Ash 10%	94	0.86	5.9	1.0	16.9
6	Oak 60%–Lime 20%–Ash 10%–N-Maple 10%	100	0.66	20.1	–	–

110–150 year-old stands

7	Oak 70%–Ash 20%– Lime 10%	109	0.63	16.0	4.0	25.0
8	Oak 60%– Lime 20%– N-Maple 20%	119	0.62	13.1	2.8	21.4
9	Oak 60%–Lime 20%–Ash 10%–N-Maple 10%	134	0.86	16.0	2.8	17.5
10	Oak 90%–Ash 10%	144	0.72	17.4	10.3	59.2

160–200 year-old stands

11	Oak 70%–Ash 20%– N-Maple 10%	158	0.60	34.7	5.3	15.3
12	Oak 70%–Ash 10%–Lime 10%–N-Maple 10%	158	0.62	30.0	11.0	36.7
13	Oak 30%–Ash 30%–Lime 20%–N-Maple 20%	178	0.70	15.5	3.0	19.4
14	Oak 100%	188	0.66	25.0	8.0	32.0
15	Oak 100%	193	0.69	26.8	10.8	40.3