Factors predicting willingness to receive and promote HPV vaccine in the future_
| Factors | B | SE | β | t | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constant | 15.403 | 1.962 | 7.851 | 0 | |
| Age (years) | 0.097 | 0.111 | 0.036 | 0.872 | 0.383 |
| Gender | –0.334 | 0.240 | –0.036 | –1.395 | 0.163 |
| Year of study | 0.014 | 0.140 | 0.004 | 0.098 | 0.922 |
| Heard of cervical cancer | 0.902 | 0.199 | 0.123 | 4.526 | 0 |
| Heard of HPV | 0.505 | 0.260 | 0.051 | 1.945 | 0.052 |
| Worried about the risk of cervical cancer | 1.511 | 0.181 | 0.221 | 8.332 | 0 |
| Heard of HPV vaccine | 0.130 | 0.309 | 0.011 | 0.422 | 0.673 |
| Friends or families received HPV vaccine | 0.456 | 0.255 | 0.047 | 1.787 | 0.074 |
| Knowledge | 0.021 | 0.051 | 0.011 | 0.404 | 0.687 |
Correct responses to knowledge of HPV among health science and non-health science undergraduates (N = 1448)_
| Questions | Overall | Health science | Non-health science | χ2 (P value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | 438 (30.2) | 269 (37.8) | 169 (23.0) | 37.667 (0.000) |
| Q2 | 853 (58.9) | 469 (65.9) | 384 (52.2) | 28.048 (0.000) |
| Q3 | 418 (28.9) | 230 (32.3) | 188 (25.5) | 8.054 (0.005) |
| Q4 | 351 (24.2) | 261 (36.7) | 90 (12.2) | 117.605 (0.000) |
| Q5 | 337 (23.3) | 167 (23.5) | 195 (26.5) | 1.783 (0.183) |
| Q6 | 1115 (77.0) | 611 (85.8) | 504 (68.5) | 61.422 (0.000) |
| Q7 | 1139 (78.7) | 587 (82.4) | 552 (75.0) | 11.946 (0.001) |
| Q8 | 474 (32.7) | 231 (32.4) | 243 (33.3) | 0.054 (0.816) |
| Q9 | 1111 (76.7) | 567 (79.6) | 544 (73.9) | 6.635 (0.010) |
| Q10 | 1043 (72.0) | 539 (75.7) | 504 (68.5) | 9.374 (0.002) |
| Total knowledge score (M ± SD) | 5.027 ± 1.670 | 5.486 ± 1.631 | 4.583 ± 1.647 |
Factors influencing undergraduates’ attitude toward HPV vaccination_
| Factors | M ± SD | d.f. | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 286.799 | 7.613 | 0.13 | |
| Male | 14.770 ± 2.553 | |||
| Female | 14.455 ± 2.891 | |||
| Age group (years) | 1446 | 0.033 | 0.119 | |
| >18 | 14.674 ± 2.609 | |||
| ≤18 | 14.962 ± 2.560 | |||
| Major | 1446 | 2.848 | 0.241 | |
| Health science | 14.803 ± 2.602 | |||
| Non-health science | 14.643 ± 2.615 | |||
| Year of study | 3/1444 | 4.484 | 0.004 | |
| Year 1 | 15.048 ± 2.667 | |||
| Year 2 | 14.740 ± 2.600 | |||
| Year 3 | 14.411 ± 2.527 | |||
| Year 4 | 14.497 ± 2.575 | |||
| Heard of cervical cancer | 1446 | 0.023 | 0 | |
| Yes | 14.816 ± 2.607 | |||
| No | 14.095 ± 2.541 | |||
| Heard of HPV | 732.834 | 4.4 | 0.028 | |
| Yes | 14.965 ± 2.771 | |||
| No | 14.621 ± 2.522 | |||
| Worried about the risk of cervical cancer | 1446 | 0.283 | 0.247 | |
| Yes | 14.819 ± 2.608 | |||
| No | 14.657 ± 2.609 | |||
| Heard of HPV vaccine | 1446 | 1.228 | 0.913 | |
| Yes | 14.746 ± 2.851 | |||
| No | 14.719 ± 2.586 | |||
| Received pay-by-self vaccine before | 1446 | 0.015 | 0.505 | |
| Yes | 14.791 ± 2.586 | |||
| No | 14.691 ± 2.620 | |||
| Friends or families received HPV vaccine | 240.934 | 6.24 | 0.059 | |
| Yes | 15.092 ± 2.994 | |||
| No | 14.664 ± 2.540 | |||
| Yourself received HPV vaccine | 1446 | 2.38 | 0.16 | |
| Yes | 14.091 ± 3.126 | |||
| No | 14.736 ± 2.595 |
Spearman’s correlation coefficient for demographic characteristics, HPV vaccine knowledge, attitude, and behavior_
| Items | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Age (years) | 1 | |||||||||||||
| 2. Gender | 0.043 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| 3. Major | 0.021 | –0.218** | 1 | |||||||||||
| 4. Year of study | 0.809** | –0.126** | 0.123** | 1 | ||||||||||
| 5. Heard of cervical cancer | –0.081** | –0.158** | –0.096** | 0.145** | 1 | |||||||||
| 6. Heard of HPV | –0.095** | 0.008 | –0.012 | 0.190** | 0.197** | 1 | ||||||||
| 7. Worried about cervical cancer | –0.126** | –0.205** | 0.071** | 0.212** | 0.186** | 0.167** | 1 | |||||||
| 8. Heard of HPV vaccine | –0.058* | –0.057* | 0.063* | 0.103** | 0.055* | 0.221** | 0.150** | 1 | ||||||
| 9. Received pay-by-self vaccine before | 0.054* | –0.023 | 0.037 | –0.086** | 0.026 | –0.086** | –0.003 | 0.073** | 1 | |||||
| 10. Friends or families received the HPV vaccine | –0.013 | 0.005 | 0.094* | 0.088** | 0.064* | 0.250** | 0.124** | 0.186** | 0.077** | 1 | ||||
| 11. Received HPV vaccine | –0.013 | 0.025 | 0.048 | –0.057* | –0.037 | 0.064* | 0.056* | 0.150** | 0.141** | 0.264** | 1 | |||
| 12. HPV knowledge | –0.003 | –0.038 | –0.031 | –0.100** | 0.164** | 0.122** | 0.081** | –0.022 | –0.014 | –0.005 | 0.008 | 1 | ||
| 13. HPV attitude | 0.041 | –0.044 | –0.266** | 0.212** | 0.093** | 0.060* | 0.03 | 0.003 | 0.018 | 0.056* | –0.037 | 0.058* | 1 | |
| 14. HPV behavior | 0.102* | –0.093** | 0.032 | 0.121** | 0.132** | 0.190** | 0.274** | 0.087** | 0.022 | 0.112** | 0.031 | 0.062* | –0.047 | 1 |
Awareness rate of HPV and related questions among health science and non-health science undergraduates (N = 1448)_
| Questions | Overall (n = 1448), n (%) | Health science (n = 712), n (%) | Non-health science (n = 712), n (%) | χ2 (P value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heard about cervical cancer | ||||
| Yes | 1258 (86.9) | 642 (90.2) | 616 (83.7) | 13.301 (0.000) |
| No | 190 (13.1) | 70 (9.8) | 120 (16.3) | |
| Worried about the risk of cervical cancer | ||||
| Yes | 425 (29.4) | 258 (36.2) | 318 (43.2) | 7.340 (0.007) |
| No | 1023 (70.6) | 454 (63.8) | 418 (56.8) | |
| Heard about HPV | ||||
| Yes | 576 (39.8) | 213 (29.9) | 212 (28.8) | 0.216 (0.642) |
| No | 872 (60.2) | 499 (70.1) | 524 (71.2) | |
| Heard about HPV vaccines | ||||
| Yes | 126 (8.7) | 49 (6.9) | 77 (10.5) | 5.838 (0.016) |
| No | 1322 (91.3) | 663 (93.1) | 659 (89.5) | |
| Yourself received HPV vaccine | ||||
| Yes | 33 (2.3) | 11 (1.5) | 22 (3.0) | 3.389 (0.066) |
| No | 1415 (97.7) | 701 (98.5) | 714 (97.0) | |
Sample characteristics (N = 1448)_
| Social and demographic characteristics | N (%) |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Female | 1226 (84.7) |
| Male | 222 (15.3) |
| Age (year), mean ± SD: 19.76 ± 1.25 | |
| Major | |
| Health science | 712 (49.2) |
| Non-health science | 736 (50.8) |
| Study year | |
| Freshman | 442 (30.5) |
| Sophomore | 465 (32.1) |
| Junior | 360 (24.9) |
| Senior | 181 (12.5) |
| Heard about cervical cancer | |
| Yes | 1258 (86.9) |
| No | 190 (13.1) |
| Worried about the risk of cervical cancer | |
| Yes | 425 (29.4) |
| No | 1023 (70.6) |
| Heard about HPV | |
| Yes | 576 (39.8) |
| No | 872 (60.2) |
| Heard about HPV vaccine | |
| Yes | 126 (8.7) |
| No | 1322 (91.3) |
| Receive pay-by-self vaccine before | |
| Yes | 440 (30.4) |
| No | 1008 (69.6) |
| Friends or families received HPV vaccines | |
| Yes | 196 (13.5) |
| No | 1252 (86.5) |
| Yourself received HPV vaccine | |
| Yes | 33 (2.3) |
| No | 1415 (97.7) |