Figure 1
Figure 2
Factor loadings of the NB-CSHAP Scale items_
| Variables | Communalities | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Service-oriented behaviors | |||||
| I care for my patients the best the best way I know based on what I learned | 0.66 | 0.72 | |||
| I always project with bearing even when I am stressed especially in front of my patients | 0.55 | 0.69 | |||
| I offer advise to my junior nurses who are new in handling critical cases | 0.49 | 0.66 | |||
| I provide care that is compassionate and supportive to the patient needs | 0.61 | 0.58 | |||
| I care for my patients regardless of their disease condition | 0.55 | 0.58 | |||
| I observe precautionary measures | 0.50 | 0.56 | |||
| I talk to my patients even if I know they will not respond | 0.50 | 0.48 | |||
| Discriminatory behaviors | |||||
| I would make jokes about HIV patients | 0.77 | 0.86 | |||
| I request from my seniors not to assign me with a possible HIV + patient | 0.74 | 0.85 | |||
| I don’t give time to talk with a possible and confirmed HIV patient | 0.73 | 0.84 | |||
| I maliciously delve into the details of a person suspected or confirmed of HIV | 0.43 | 0.48 | |||
| Openhanded behaviors | |||||
| I find time to talk with my patient, making him feel I am ready to listen | 0.64 | 0.77 | |||
| I try to provide holistic nursing care activities and interventions | 0.57 | 0.68 | |||
| I would share whatever I know about HIV to the patient especially on the expected future he will be facing | 0.48 | 0.59 | |||
| Perceptive behavior | |||||
| I would sometimes laugh at my carelessness to lighten the mood | 0.67 | 0.79 | |||
| I would do things that may be risky on my part, so as not to make my patient uncomfortable or offended | 0.54 | 0.54 | |||
| Eigenvalue | 4.58 | 2.73 | 1.15 | 1.02 | |
| Explained variance (%) | 28.63 | 17.06 | 7.19 | 6.42 | |
| Cumulative variance (%) | 28.63 | 45.69 | 52.88 | 59.30 | |
Characteristics of the nurse participants_
| Profile variables (n = 400) | Number of nurses | Percentage | Mean | Median | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 29.9 | 29 | 6.8 | ||
| <30 | 222 | 55.5 | |||
| 30–39 | 147 | 36.8 | |||
| 40–49 | 24 | 6.0 | |||
| ≥50 | 7 | 1.8 | |||
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 284 | 71.0 | |||
| Male | 116 | 29.0 | |||
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 110 | 27.5 | |||
| Unmarried | 290 | 72.5 | |||
| Educational attainment | |||||
| BSN | 332 | 83.0 | |||
| MA/MS/MAN | 62 | 15.5 | |||
| PhD | 6 | 1.5 | |||
| Registered nurse experience (years) | 8.2 | 7 | 6.4 | ||
| <10 | 280 | 70.0 | |||
| 10–19 | 101 | 25.3 | |||
| 20–29 | 15 | 3.8 | |||
| ≥30 | 4 | 1.0 | |||
| Present assignment experience (years) | 4.3 | 3 | 3.8 | ||
| <5 | 286 | 71.5 | |||
| 5–9 | 77 | 19.3 | |||
| 10–14 | 26 | 6.5 | |||
| ≥15 | 11 | 2.8 | |||
| Location of work | |||||
| Rural | 126 | 31.5 | |||
| Urban | 274 | 68.5 | |||
| Type of organization | |||||
| Private | 210 | 52.5 | |||
| Public | 190 | 47.5 | |||
| Rank or position in the current workplace | |||||
| Holds managerial position | 47 | 11.8 | |||
| Staff nurse | 353 | 88.3 | |||
| Type of contract | |||||
| Casual/part-time | 130 | 32.5 | |||
| Permanent | 270 | 67.5 | |||
| Hospital bed capacity | 301 | ||||
| <100 | 39 | 13.0 | |||
| 101–250 | 187 | 62.1 | |||
| >250 | 75 | 24.9 | |||
| Hospital area assignment | 342 | ||||
| Medical-Surgical | 130 | 35.1 | |||
| Emergency Unit | 63 | 17.1 | |||
| Intensive Care Unit/NICU/PACU | 42 | 10.7 | |||
| Gynecology/Obstetric | 36 | 9.8 | |||
| Pediatric Unit | 23 | 6.3 | |||
| Operating Room | 18 | 4.9 | |||
| Hemodialysis Unit | 16 | 4.3 | |||
| Outpatient Department | 6 | 1.6 | |||
| Administration Office | 5 | 1.4 | |||
| Tropical infectious disease unit | 3 | 0.8 |
Intercorrelation coefficients of the NB-CSHAP Scale_
| Coefficients | |
|---|---|
| Determinant of the correlation matrix | 0.004 |
| Bartlett test of sphericity | |
| Chi-square | 2092.576 |
| Degrees of freedom | 120 |
| P-value | 0.000 |
| Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy | 0.852 |
Implementation matrix_
| Items | Qualitative | Quantitative |
|---|---|---|
| Study aims | Explore the experiences of nurses in caring for patients with suspected or confirmed HIV | Develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure nurses’ behaviors toward these clients. |
| Type of data | Narrative data | Survey data |
| Date of collection | February–June 2019 | July–November 2019 |
| Participants | 17 nurses working in hospitals | 400 nurse participants |
Psychometric properties: Alpha coefficient of internal consistency of the NB-CSHAP scale_
| Items | Average inter-item covariance | No of items in the scale | Scale reliability coefficient | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All items | 0.13 | 16 | 0.73 | Acceptable |
| Service-oriented behaviors | 0.19 | 7 | 0.79 | Acceptable |
| Discriminatory behaviors | 0.58 | 4 | 0.78 | Acceptable |
| Openhanded behaviors | 0.35 | 3 | 0.66 | Low |
| Perceptive behaviors | 0.40 | 2 | 0.40 | Low |