Figure 1
Research flow diagram. CEP-BAM, Caregiver Empowerment Program Based on the Adaptation Model.
Table 1
The characteristics of caregivers (n = 80).
| Variables | Intervention | Control | χ2 or t value | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Education level | 4.269 | 0.234 | ||||
| Undergraduate | 6 | 15 | 8 | 20 | ||
| Senior high school | 19 | 47.5 | 25 | 62.5 | ||
| Junior high school | 10 | 25 | 4 | 10 | ||
| Elementary school | 5 | 12.5 | 3 | 7.5 | ||
| Caregiver-patient relationship | 1.152 | 0.765 | ||||
| Husband/wife | 15 | 37.5 | 18 | 45 | ||
| Son/daughter | 13 | 32.5 | 14 | 35 | ||
| Son in law/daughter in law | 8 | 20 | 5 | 12.5 | ||
| Sibling | 4 | 10 | 3 | 7.5 | ||
| Sex | 0.060 | 0.807 | ||||
| Male | 13 | 32.5 | 11 | 27.5 | ||
| Female | 27 | 67.5 | 29 | 72.5 | ||
| Stroke type | 0.098 | 0.754 | ||||
| Non-hemorrhagic | 35 | 87.5 | 33 | 82.5 | ||
| Hemorrhagic | 5 | 12.5 | 7 | 17.5 | ||
| Basic activity assistance provided by the caregiver | 0.052 | 0.819 | ||||
| Minimal | 15 | 37.5 | 17 | 42.5 | ||
| Moderate | 25 | 62.5 | 23 | 57.5 | ||
| Caregiver's age (Mean, SD) | 43.38 | 11.34 | 41.13 | 11.50 | 0.881 | 0.381 |
Table 2
The caregiver's coping between measurements in both groups (n = 80).
| Measurement | Intervention (n = 40) | Control (n = 40) | t value | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
| Pre-test | 114.35 | 9.58 | 113 | 9.98 | 0.617 | 0.593 |
| Post-test 1 | 116.13 | 9.56 | 112.93 | 11.60 | 1.346 | 0.182 |
| Post-test 2 | 117.50 | 9.73 | 113.10 | 10.13 | 1.981 | 0.051 |
| Post-test 3 | 119.65 | 10.36 | 113.90 | 10.13 | 2.510 | 0.014 |
[i] Note: The difference between pre-test and post-test 1 between groups (P = 0.100); the difference between pre-test and post-test 2 between groups (P = 0.026); the difference between pre-test and post-test 3 between groups (P = 0.009).
Table 3
The caregiver's burden between measurements in both groups (n = 80).
| Measurement | Intervention (n = 40) | Control (n = 40) | t value | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
| Pre-test | 35.80 | 5.44 | 34.95 | 5.62 | 0.687 | 0.494 |
| Post-test 1 | 33.75 | 6.02 | 35.20 | 5.48 | −1.126 | 0.264 |
| Post-test 2 | 33.33 | 5.95 | 34.78 | 6.38 | −1.051 | 0.297 |
| Post-test 3 | 33.00 | 4.86 | 34.70 | 5.85 | −1.413 | 0.162 |
[i] Note: The difference between pre-test and post-test 1 between groups (P = 0.001); the difference between pre-test and post-test 2 between groups (P = 0.006); the difference between pre-test and post-test 3 between groups (P = 0.014).