Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Frequency distribution of the elderly caregivers’ demographic characteristic (n = 78)_
| Caregivers’ characteristics | n | % | M ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years old | 28.82 ± 9.257 | ||
| 15– | 10 | 12.8 | |
| 21– | 36 | 46.2 | |
| 31– | 20 | 25.4 | |
| ≥ 41 | 12 | 15.4 | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 22 | 28.2 | |
| Female | 56 | 71.8 | |
| Informal caregiver education level (n = 39) | |||
| Illiterate, read, and write | 18 | 23 | |
| Moderate education | 19 | 24.4 | |
| University education | 2 | 2.6 | |
| Formal caregiver education level (n = 39) | |||
| Diploma | 17 | 21.8 | |
| High institute of nursing | 14 | 17.9 | |
| Bachelor's degree | 8 | 10.3 | |
| Years of experience given by informal caregivers (No = 39) | 1.79 ± 0.83 | ||
| 1–5 years | 35 | 89.8 | |
| 6–10 years | 2 | 5.1 | |
| ≥11 years | 2 | 5.1 | |
| Years of experience given by formal caregivers (No = 39) | 3.89 ± 2.71 | ||
| 1–5 years | 27 | 69.2 | |
| 6–10 years | 10 | 25.7 | |
| ≥11 years | 2 | 5.1 | |
| Have you received any training on PU prevention? | |||
| Yes | 25 | 32.1 | |
| No | 53 | 67.9 | |
Mean and standard deviation of total scores of reported caregivers’ knowledge, attitude, and observed practice regarding PU prevention throughout the training program (n = 78)_
| Items | M ± SD | F | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total scores of knowledge | 82.092 | 0.000** | |
| Pre-reported knowledge | 7.5128 ± 2.272 | ||
| Post reported knowledge | 14.000 ± 3.03657 | ||
| Follow-up knowledge | 10.2436 ± 3.4535 | ||
| Total scores of attitude | 0.983 | 0.000** | |
| Pre-reported attitude | 17.79 ± 5.31 | ||
| Post reported attitude | 27.24 ± 8.41 | ||
| Follow-up attitude | 27.8 ± 7.9 | ||
| Total scores of practice | 14.313 | 0.000** | |
| Observed pre-practice | 29.17 ± 10.8 | ||
| Observed post-practice | 48.01 ± 9.35 | ||
| Follow-up observed practice | 44.30 ± 11.36 |
Frequency distribution of the elderly clients’ demographic characteristics and past medical history (n = 35)_
| Characteristics | n | % | M ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years old | 74.82 ± 7.71 | ||
| 60– | 13 | 37.1 | |
| 71– | 14 | 40 | |
| ≥81 | 8 | 22.9 | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 19 | 54.3 | |
| Female | 17 | 45.7 | |
| Duration of residence | 5.08 ± 3.21 | ||
| 1–5 years | 22 | 62.9 | |
| ≥ 6 years | 13 | 37.1 | |
| BMI = Wt./Ht.2 | 30.44 ± 5.74 | ||
| Normal (18.5–25) | 5 | 14.3 | |
| Overweight (25–30) | 16 | 45.7 | |
| Obesity (30–40) | 14 | 40 | |
| Duration of chronic disease | 10.42 ± 5.60 | ||
| 1–5 years | 6 | 17.1 | |
| 6–10 years | 16 | 45.7 | |
| ≥11 years | 13 | 3.1 | |
| Suffered from urinary incontinence | |||
| No | 12 | 34.3 | |
| Yes | 23 | 65.7 | |
| Suffered from stool incontinence | |||
| No | 10 | 28.6 | |
| Yes | 25 | 71.4 | |
Correlation between pre-, post-, and follow-up a total score of caregivers’ knowledge, practices, and attitude throughout the training program (n = 78)_
| Item | Total scores of knowledge | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-program | Post-program | Follow-up | ||||
| r | P-value | r | P-value | r | P-value | |
| Practice | 0.424 | 0.000** | 0.233 | 0.013* | 0.096 | 0.402 |
| Attitude | 0.298 | 0.001** | 0.199 | 0.033* | 0.236 | 0.038* |