Mediating effect of work engagement in the relationship between job characteristics and nursing performance_
| Endogenous variables | Exogenous variables | Effects | Total (P) | SMC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Direct (P) | Indirect (P) | ||||
| Work engagement | Job characteristics | 0.461 (0.009) | – | 0.461 (0.009) | 0.213 |
| Nursing performance | Work engagement | 0.261 (0.035) | – | 0.261 (0.035) | 0.428 |
| Job characteristics | 0.492 (0.015) | 0.121 (0.033) | 0.612 (0.026) | ||
Parameter estimates according to the testing steps of the structural models_
| Steps | Endogenous variables | Exogenous variables | χ2 (P) | DF | NC | SRMR | TLI | CFI | RMSEA (low-high) | β | C.R. | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nursing performance | Job characteristics | 38.43 (0.005) | 19 | 2.02 | 0.05 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.08 (0.04–0.11) | 0.62 | 4.57 | 0.025 |
| 2 | Work engagement | Job characteristics | 86.18 (<0.001) | 42 | 2.05 | 0.10 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.08 (0.06–0.10) | 0.48 | 3.86 | 0.012 |
| Nursing performance | Work engagement | 0.50 | 5.97 | 0.011 | ||||||||
| 3 | Work engagement | Job characteristics | 62.73 (0.016) | 41 | 1.53 | 0.05 | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.06 (0.03–0.08) | 0.46 | 3.84 | 0.009 |
| Nursing performance | Work engagement | 0.26 | 2.88 | 0.039 | ||||||||
| Job characteristics | 0.49 | 3.85 | 0.012 |
General characteristics_
| Variables | n (%) | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 31.44 (8.33) | |
| ≤29 | 93 (55.0) | |
| 30–39 | 47 (27.8) | |
| ≥40 | 29 (17.2) | |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 5 (3.0) | |
| Female | 164 (97.0) | |
| Spouse | ||
| Yes | 70 (41.4) | |
| No | 99 (58.6) | |
| Education | ||
| Associate degree | 43 (25.4) | |
| Bachelor's degree | 112 (66.3) | |
| Master's degree or more | 14 (8.3) | |
| Position | ||
| Nurse | 133 (78.7) | |
| Charge nurse | 16 (9.5) | |
| Head nurse, unit manager | 20 (11.8) | |
| Units of clinical practical | ||
| Internal ward | 57 (35.0) | |
| Surgical or neurology ward | 56 (34.3) | |
| Emergency ward | 8 (4.9) | |
| Intensive care unit | 21 (12.9) | |
| The others | 21 (12.9) | |
| Monthly salary (USD) | ||
| <3,000 | 69 (41.1) | |
| ≥3,000 to <4,000 | 80 (47.6) | |
| ≥4,000 | 19 (11.3) | |
| Total career years | 9.20 (8.24) | |
| Career years at the current hospital | 7.98 (7.43) | |
Descriptive statistics, Cronbach's α, and correlations for major study variables_
| Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Job characteristics | |||||||||||
| Task identity | 1 | ||||||||||
| Task significance | 0.37** | 1 | |||||||||
| Autonomy | 0.30** | 0.46** | 1 | ||||||||
| Feedback | 0.13 | 0.35** | 0.33** | 1 | |||||||
| Nursing performance | |||||||||||
| Work competency | 0.40** | 0.30** | 0.27** | 0.34** | 1 | ||||||
| Work attitude | 0.24* | 0.37** | 0.30** | 0.42** | 0.73** | 1 | |||||
| Willingness to improve work | 0.30** | 0.28** | 0.29** | 0.35** | 0.69** | 0.71** | 1 | ||||
| Application of nursing process | 0.27** | 0.32** | 0.21* | 0.33** | 0.71** | 0.68** | 0.70** | 1 | |||
| Work engagement | |||||||||||
| Vigor | 0.18* | 0.29** | 0.22* | 0.21* | 0.37** | 0.39** | 0.36** | 0.28** | 1 | ||
| Dedication | 0.23* | 0.29** | 0.25* | 0.16* | 0.37** | 0.36** | 0.30** | 0.34** | 0.73** | 1 | |
| Absorption | 0.22* | 0.25* | 0.30** | 0.19* | 0.43** | 0.42** | 0.36** | 0.31** | 0.70** | 0.81** | 1 |
| Cronbach's α | 0.62 | 0.83 | 0.81 | 0.56 | 0.92 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.84 | 0.80 | 0.88 |
| Mean | 2.86 | 2.52 | 2.74 | 2.92 | 3.08 | 2.81 | 2.97 | 3.78 | 3.41 | 3.19 | 3.65 |
| Standard deviation | 0.29 | 0.36 | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.40 | 0.52 | 0.98 | 1.07 | 1.01 |
| Skewness | 0.08 | −0.08 | 0.08 | −0.02 | −0.05 | 0.03 | 0.15 | −0.16 | −0.14 | 0.07 | −0.26 |
| Kurtosis | 0.68 | 0.82 | 0.94 | −0.19 | −0.04 | 0.53 | 1.55 | 0.81 | −0.09 | −0.66 | 0.31 |