Figure 1
Mean SF-36 scales score by age_
| Items of SF-36 | Age range | F | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60–69 (n = 130) | 70–79 (n = 91) | 80–89 (n = 80) | ≥90 (n = 12) | |||
| Physical functioning | 82.04 ± 26.22 | 65.77 ± 31.85 | 41.94 ± 36.09 | 32.08 ± 31.73 | 32.709 | 0.000 |
| Physical role functioning | 75.19 ± 38.94 | 66.48 ± 43.18 | 65.94 ± 44.52 | 60.42 ± 44.54 | 1.336 | 0.263 |
| Emotional role functioning | 85.90 ± 31.02 | 77.29 ± 36.13 | 82.08 ± 35.95 | 94.44 ± 12.97 | 1.692 | 0.169 |
| Social role functioning | 94.52 ± 21.68 | 80.08 ± 28.93 | 72.97 ± 27.16 | 81.25 ± 20.98 | 13.236 | 0.000 |
| Bodily pain | 75.53 ± 19.12 | 73.81 ± 20.24 | 76.20 ± 21.02 | 83.58 ± 15.64 | 0.917 | 0.433 |
| Vitality | 74.50 ± 18.21 | 72.86 ± 20.02 | 74.00 ± 19.78 | 81.25 ± 12.99 | 0.715 | 0.544 |
| Mental health | 75.35 ± 18.12 | 75.25 ± 16.81 | 76.80 ± 16.23 | 86.00 ± 13.05 | 1.540 | 0.204 |
| General health perceptions | 68.17 ± 18.32 | 64.11 ± 20.89 | 68.28 ± 18.94 | 75.58 ± 14.66 | 1.749 | 0.157 |
| PCS | 49.30 ± 10.17 | 45.30 ± 11.24 | 41.20 ± 11.99 | 38.37 ± 11.51 | 10.889 | 0.000 |
| MCS | 53.22 ± 10.70 | 51.66 ± 11.33 | 54.56 ± 11.56 | 62.26 ± 4.48 | 3.691 | 0.012 |
Multiple linear regression analyses predicting PCS and MCS of SF-36 in 313 older adults_
| Dependent variable | Independent variable | Beta | t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCS | SDS score | −0.379 | −7.869 | 0.000 |
| Marital status | −0.218 | −3.877 | 0.000 | |
| Age | −0.181 | −3.224 | 0.001 | |
| Adjusted R2 | 28.7% | |||
| MCS | SDS score | −0.517 | −10.929 | 0.000 |
| Chronic disease | −0.182 | −3.863 | 0.000 | |
| Age | 0.131 | 2.852 | 0.005 | |
| Adjusted R2 | 34.7% |
Demographic characteristics of 313 older adults_
| Variables | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Male | 143 (45.7) |
| Female | 170 (54.3) |
| Marital status | |
| Married | 175 (55.9) |
| Legally separated | 3 (1.0) |
| Divorced | 4 (1.3) |
| Widowed | 123 (39.3) |
| Single | 8 (2.5) |
| Education background | |
| Primary school | 103 (32.9) |
| Middle school | 104 (33.2) |
| High school/technical secondary school | 60 (19.2) |
| College degree | 14 (4.5) |
| Above bachelor degree | 32 (10.2) |
| Occupation | |
| Worker | 149 (47.6) |
| Farmer | 46 (14.7) |
| Teacher | 25 (8.0) |
| Civil servant | 13 (4.2) |
| Technician | 42 (13.4) |
| Other | 38 (12.1) |
| Salary, RMB/month | |
| <3000 | 188 (60.1) |
| 3000–5000 | 102 (32.6) |
| >5000 | 23 (7.3) |
| Chronic disease | |
| Yes | 177 (56.5) |
| No | 136 (43.5) |
Mean SF-36 scales score by gender_
| Items of SF-36 | Mean score (n = 313) | Chinese older adults | U.S. norm19 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n = 143) | Female (n = 170) | t | p | Male (n = 293) | Female (n = 413) | ||
| Physical functioning | 65.14 ± 35.23 | 64.37 ± 37.17 | 65.79 ± 33.62 | −0.356 | 0.722 | 65.79 ± 28.31 | 61.86 ± 28.95 |
| Physical role functioning | 69.73 ± 41.94 | 69.58 ± 42.60 | 69.85 ± 41.50 | −0.057 | 0.954 | 59.72 ± 42.51 | 56.11 ± 42.53 |
| Emotional role functioning | 82.75 ± 33.55 | 84.15 ± 30.85 | 81.57 ± 35.72 | 0.677 | 0.499 | 76.94 ± 37.48 | 73.38 ± 39.66 |
| Social role functioning | 84.31 ± 26.83 | 83.92 ± 28.05 | 84.63 ± 25.84 | −0.235 | 0.814 | 79.66 ± 26.00 | 77.00 ± 27.69 |
| Bodily pain | 75.51 ± 19.83 | 77.46 ± 19.56 | 73.87 ± 19.97 | 1.600 | 0.111 | 68.76 ± 25.37 | 63.44 ± 27.12 |
| Vitality | 74.15 ± 18.98 | 73.01 ± 19.72 | 75.12 ± 18.34 | −0.980 | 0.328 | 57.80 ± 22.55 | 55.46 ± 23.51 |
| Mental health | 76.10 ± 17.16 | 74.88 ± 18.41 | 77.13 ± 16.01 | −1.156 | 0.249 | 77.37 ± 17.42 | 74.71 ± 19.88 |
| General health perceptions | 67.30 ± 19.22 | 66.44 ± 18.91 | 68.02 ± 19.49 | −0.725 | 0.469 | 58.62 ± 22.05 | 61.64 ± 22.08 |
| PCS | 45.65 ± 11.53 | 45.66 ± 11.80 | 45.64 ± 11.33 | 0.017 | 0.987 | / | / |
| MCS | 53.45 ± 11.10 | 53.23 ± 11.31 | 53.64 ± 10.94 | −0.325 | 0.746 | / | / |