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Main characteristics of included RCTs
| Study | Design | Country | Subjects | Sample (n) | age (year) (Mean ± SD) | Investigation | Study duration | Outcomes assessment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E | C | E | C | E | C | ||||||
| Burger et al.31 | RCT | USA | Nursing students | 28 | 24 | Unclear | Unclear | MM | WL | 4 weeks, meditate 10 min/day and keeping a practice | PSS, FFMQ |
| Chen et al.35 | RCT | China | Nursing students | 30 | 30 | 19.4 ± 0.85 | 19.7 ± 0.88 | MM | NI | 1 week, 7 sessions, each session lasted 30 min/day | SAS, SDS |
| Kang et al.32 | RCT | Korea | Nursing students | 21 | 20 | 22.69 ± 1.49 | 22.25 ± 0.68 | SCBMM | NI | 8 weeks, 8 sessions, each session lasted 1.5–2 h/week | STAI, BDI, PWI-SF |
| Ratanasiripong et al.34 | RCT | Thai | Nursing students | 29 | 31 | 18–21 | 18–21 | MM | NI | 4 weeks, 2 sessions, practicing 3 times/day | STAI, PSS |
| Song et al.33 | RCT | Korea | Nursing students | 21 | 23 | 19.6 ± 1.7 | 19.5 ± 2.0 | MBSR | WL | 8 weeks, 8 sessions, each session lasted 2 h/week | DASS-A, DASS-D, DASS-S, MAAS |