Workforce Diversity: A Spotlight on Employee Sustainability Excellence in India

AISWARYA, Balachandar; RAMASUNDARAM, Gurusamy; SUDHA, Paulin; POONDY, Rajan

Workforce Diversity: A Spotlight on Employee Sustainability Excellence in India

Foundations of Management

Volume 16 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)

By:

Balachandar AISWARYA

, Gurusamy RAMASUNDARAM

, Paulin SUDHA

and Rajan POONDY

Open Access

|Dec 2024

Figures & Tables

Regression coefficient – workforces’ diversities – employee sustainability (Source: Dependent variable: employees’ sustainability)

Model	Unstandardized coefficients		Standardized coefficients	t	Sig.
Model	B	Std error	Beta	t	Sig.
(Constant)	4.793	0.971	-	4.937	0.000
Age diversity	0.032	0.033	0.093	1.944	0.046
Gender diversity	2.123	0.029	0.908	73.809	0.000
Cultural diversity	0.018	0.041	0.007	0.436	0.663
Socio-behavioral diversity	0.032	0.043	0.011	0.762	0.447
Physical ability diversity	-0.023	0.035	-0.010	-0.654	0.513
Personal diversity	0.591	0.042	0.199	13.943	0.000

Marital status and employee sustainability (Source: Primary data)

STATEMENTS	MARITAL STATUS						t- value	P-value
	MARRIED			UNMARRIED
	n	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD
(ES1)	260	4.23	0.821	180	4.06	0.746	2.238	0.024*
(ES2)	260	4.29	0.639	180	4.11	0.612	3.091	0.002**
(ES3)	260	4.17	0.695	180	3.96	0.667	3.305	0.001**
(ES4)	260	4.18	0.661	180	3.91	0.679	4.199	0.000**
(ES5)	260	4.32	0.700	180	4.05	0.786	3.746	0.000**
(ES6)	260	3.90	0.561	180	3.86	0.667	0.641	0.529
(ES7)	260	4.29	0.639	180	4.11	0.612	3.091	0.002**
(ES8)	260	4.17	0.695	180	3.96	0.667	3.305	0.001**
(ES9)	260	4.19	0.663	180	3.91	0.679	4.253	0.000**
(ES10)	260	4.33	0.701	180	4.05	0.786	3.797	0.000**
(ES11)	260	3.90	0.561	180	3.86	0.626	0.622	0.522
(ES12)	260	3.81	0.787	180	3.55	0.687	3.642	0.000**
(ES13)	260	4.22	0.598	180	4.36	0.632	2.367	0.018*
(ES14)	260	3.96	0.713	180	3.83	0.722	1.986	0.038*
(ES15)	260	4.27	0.619	180	4.31	0.626	0.601	0.548
Employees’ sustainability	260	62.24	5.030	180	59.87	5.022	4.249	0.000**

Profile of the employees (Source: Primary data)

FACTORS	OPTIONS	FREQUENCY	(%)
Job experience in present media organization	1–10 years	Open-ended question (scale variable)	93.60
	11–22 years		6.40
Nature/place of work	Field work	77	17.50
	Office work	281	63.90
	Both field and office work	82	18.60
Working shift in media organization	General/day shift	181	41.10
	Night shift	53	12.00
	Rotating shifts	206	46.90
No. of members in the teamwork	3–15	Open-ended	37.70
	16–35	question	16.60
	36–50	(scale variable)	45.70
Normal working hours in a day	Up to 8 h	138	31.40
	9–10 h	213	48.40
	Above 10 h	89	20.20

Relationship between workforce diversities and employee sustainability (Source: Primary data_ No_ of respondents is shown in brackets)

Variables	n	“r” value	Relationship	Remarks
Age diversity and employee sustainability	440	0.177**	Positive	Sig
Gender diversity and employee sustainability	440	0.946**	Positive	Sig
Cultural diversity and employee sustainability	440	0.190**	Positive	Sig
Socio-behavioral diversity and employee sustainability	440	0.247**	Positive	Sig
Physical ability diversity and employee sustainability	440	0.166**	Positive	Sig
Personal diversity and employee sustainability	440	0.367**	Positive	Sig

Analysis of variance (Source: Dependent variable: employees’ sustainability)

Model		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	Sig.
1	Regression	10,801.917	6	1800.320	1083.183	0.000^a
	Residual	719.674	433	1.662	-	-
	Total	11,521.591	439	-	-	-

Gender and employee sustainability (Source: Primary data)

STATEMENTS	GENDER						t- value	P- value
	MALE			FEMALE
	n	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD
(ES1)	291	4.23	0.775	149	4.14	0.822	1.142	0.255
(ES2)	291	4.26	0.594	149	4.13	0.700	1.992	0.047*
(ES3)	291	4.11	0.662	149	4.03	0.744	1.198	0.232
(ES4)	291	4.11	0.673	149	3.79	0.693	1.938	0.033*
(ES5)	291	4.28	0.635	149	4.07	0.916	2.483	0.014*
(ES6)	291	3.95	0.582	149	3.71	0.644	2.894	0.019*
(ES7)	291	4.26	0.594	149	4.03	0.700	1.992	0.037*
(ES8)	291	4.11	0.662	149	4.03	0.744	1.198	0.232
(ES9)	291	4.12	0.675	149	3.79	0.693	2.786	0.015*
(ES10)	291	4.29	0636	149	4.07	0.916	2.523	0.010*
(ES11)	291	3.98	0.582	149	3.71	0.644	2.894	0.009**
(ES12)	291	3.78	0.756	149	3.60	0.758	2.349	0.023*
(ES13)	291	4.33	0.551	149	4.10	0.717	2.167	0.031*
(ES14)	291	3.93	0.732	149	3.81	0.682	2.644	0.011*
(ES15)	291	4.28	0.601	149	4.29	0.661	0.105	0.916
Employees’ sustainability	291	62.04	4.412	149	59.30	6.127	3.199	0.002**

Demographic profile of the respondents (Source: Primary data)

FACTORS	OPTIONS	FREQUENCY	(%)
Gender	Male	291	66.10
Gender	Female	149	33.90
Age in years	20–35	Open-ended question	81.60
Age in years	36–54	(scale variable)	18.40
Qualification	School level/diploma	74	16.80
	UG/PG in media	197	44.80
	Courses	169	38.40
	Other UG/PG	-	-
Monthly salary (INR)	Up to Rs. 25,000	147	33.40
	Rs. 25,001–Rs. 50,000	200	45.50
	Rs. 50,001–Rs. 75,000	62	14.10
	Above Rs. 75,000	31	7.00
Marital status	Married	260	59.10
Marital status	Unmarried	180	40.90

Employees’ sustainability (Source: Primary data)

Statements	n	Mean	SD
My organization’s values and culture provide a good fit with thethings that I value in life. (ES1)	440	4.20	0.79
I have very strong ties with my present job which would be very difficult to break. (ES2)	440	4.24	0.63
My organization’s culture and norms make me feel comfortable in my work environment. (ES3)	440	4.08	0.69
One of the major reasons to work for this organization is that leaving would require considerable personal sacrifice as anotherorganization may not match the overall benefits I have here. (ES4)	440	4.07	0.68
I can gain experience in various work areas to excel my experience and skills in my organization. (ES5)	440	4.21	0.74
My supervisor encourages me to broaden my perspectives byhelping me to see the big picture. (ES6)	440	3.88	0.60
My supervisor provides me with constructive feedback. (ES7)	440	4.20	0.63
My supervisor provides me with resources so I can perform mywork more effectively. (ES8)	440	4.08	0.69
I have significant autonomy in determining how I do my work. (ES9)	440	4.07	0.68
My current work motivates me to know whether I performedwell at the end of the day. (ES10)	440	4.21	0.74
I am certain about what my future career picture looks like inthis organization. (ES11)	440	3.88	0.60
I am certain about my job security in this organization. (ES12)	440	3.70	0.75
When someone praises this organization, I feel like a personalcompliment. (ES13)	440	4.24	0.61
My supervisor cares about and responds to the issues that are most important to me. (ES14)	440	3.89	0.71
I am willing to put in a great deal of effort beyond that normally expected to help this organization be successful. (ES15)	440	4.32	0.62
Employee sustainability	440	61.30	5.12

Qualification and employee sustainability (Source: Primary data_ No_ of respondents is shown in brackets)

VARIABLE	QUALIFICATION			F-value	P-value
VARIABLE	School/di-ploma (74)	UG/PG in media courses (197)	Other UG/PG (169)	F-value	P-value
Employees’ sustainability	60.73	64.80	60.43	23.042	0.000**
Employees’ sustainability	5.089	5.115	4.523	23.042	0.000**

Workforce diversity (Source: Primary data)

Workforce diversity	n	Mean	SD
Statements	-	-	-
My organization includes all members of different ages in itsprocess and actions	440	3.92	0.802
I am positive about the age differences in my workplace	440	4.06	0.694
At work, I experience healthy relationships with people ofdifferent age groups	440	4.05	0.738
My organization gives equal treatment when it comes to difference of age, educational background, and other such aspects	440	3.87	0.717
My superior treats me more favorably than other co-workersbecause of my age	440	3.14	0.795
Age diversity	440	19.12	2.168
People believe fairness means treating everyone the sameway irrespective of gender differences	440	4.22	0.634
Opportunities for career growth and advancement for womenexist in our organization	440	4.09	0.693
Stereotypes of women do not hinder the advancement ofwomen in my organization	440	4.07	0.683
Women are promoted to management positions at the same rate as men in my organization	440	4.21	0.748
My organization has a similar standard for evaluating theperformances of men and women	440	3.88	0.606
Gender diversity	440	20.47	2.191
Knowing more about the cultural norms and diverse groups would help me to be more effective in my job	440	4.11	0.710
I am comfortable working with individuals who are differentfrom me in their cultural backgrounds	440	3.97	0.623
1 am not confused by the behavior of employees fromdifferent backgrounds	440	3.97	0.725
Different languages that are used to communicate do notcreate confusions among employees	440	3.90	0.698
I am interested in learning about the many cultures that have existed in this world	440	4.10	0.738
Cultural diversity	440	20.05	1.985
My organization concerns about the employee’s socialnorms and values	440	3.91	0.697
Employees’ habits or way of thinking may be different because of their background, but when it comes to working, we are pretty much the same	440	4.09	0.703
I think that diverse viewpoints add value to our team, workgroup, and organization	440	3.94	0.674
Members of the organization are similar in terms of theirattitudes toward organizational goals	440	3.72	0.596
I am positive about this socio-behavioral differences in myworkplace	440	4.09	0.721
Socio-behavioral diversity	440	19.75	1.787
A worker with a disability was given the same response andrecognition as other workers	440	3.83	0.721
An equal career opportunity is presented to a worker with adisability like his fellow workers	440	3.86	0.761
Persons with disabilities can teach me great things I couldnot learn elsewhere	440	3.71	0.669
This organization really inspires the very best in me in the way of performing the job	440	4.15	0.759
I am better at managing multiple roles than the other averageperson	440	4.20	0.720
Physical ability diversity	440	19.74	2.226
Members of the organization are similar in terms of theirpersonal values	440	3.70	0.758
I feel I have the skills necessary to perform my role in the organization	440	4.28	0.615
I am self-assured about my capabilities to perform my workactivities	440	3.89	0.718
The speed at which the organization did its work activities denotes the level of its quality	440	3.80	0.753
I have the skills necessary to simultaneously have a successful career and family roles	440	4.42	0.628
Personal diversity	440	20.09	1.724
Workforce diversity	440	119.24	7.953

Income and employee sustainability (Source: Primary data_ No_ of respondents is shown in brackets)

VARIABLE	MONTHLY SALARY (INR)				F- value	P– value
VARIABLE	Up to Rs. 25,000 (147)	Rs. 25,001–Rs. 50,000 (200)	Rs. 50,001–Rs. 75,000 (62)	Above Rs. 75,000 (31)	F- value	P– value
Employees’ sustainability	58.36	60.95	61.03	63.48	2.908	0.035*
Employees’ sustainability	6.041	5.531	4.376	3.390

Model summary (Source: Primary data)

Model	R	_R2	AdjustedR²	Sth error of the estimate	Change statistics
Model	R	_R2	AdjustedR²	Sth error of the estimate	R² change	F change	df1	df2	Sig. F change
1	0.968^a)	0.938	0.937	1.289	0.938	1083.183	6	433	0.000

Descriptive statistics (Source: Primary data)

Items	Mean	SD	n
Employee sustainability	61.30	5.123	440
Age diversity	19.13	2.168	440
Gender diversity	20.48	2.191	440
Cultural diversity	20.05	1.985	440
Socio-behavioral diversity	19.75	1.787	440
Physical ability diversity	19.74	2.226	440
Personal diversity	20.09	1.724	440

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2024-0017 | Journal eISSN: 2300-5661 | Journal ISSN: 2080-7279

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Language: English

Page range: 273 - 294

Published on: Dec 12, 2024

Published by: Warsaw University of Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

workforce,

diversity,

employee sustainability,

Related subjects:

Business and economics,

Business management,

Management accounting, financial controlling, cost calculation, investment

© 2024 Balachandar AISWARYA, Gurusamy RAMASUNDARAM, Paulin SUDHA, Rajan POONDY, published by Warsaw University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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