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Neodymium and zinc stimulate growth, biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of lettuce plants in hydroponics Cover

Neodymium and zinc stimulate growth, biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of lettuce plants in hydroponics

Folia Horticulturae
Volume 36 (2024): Issue 2 (October 2024)
By: Imelda Rueda-López,  Libia I. Trejo-Téllez,  Fernando C. Gómez-Merino,  María G. Peralta-Sánchez and  Sara M. Ramírez-Olvera  
Open Access
|Sep 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Plant height (A), number of leaves (B), root volume (C) and leaf area (D) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).
Plant height (A), number of leaves (B), root volume (C) and leaf area (D) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).

Figure 2.

Leaf length (A) and leaf area (B) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).
Leaf length (A) and leaf area (B) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).

Figure 3.

Growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1).
Growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1).

Figure 4.

Fresh and dry biomass of stem (A and D), root (B and E), and total (C and F) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).
Fresh and dry biomass of stem (A and D), root (B and E), and total (C and F) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).

Figure 5.

Dry biomass of stem (A), root (B) and total (C) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).
Dry biomass of stem (A), root (B) and total (C) of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).

Figure 6.

Foliar concentration of nitrogen (A), phosphorus (B) and potassium (C) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).
Foliar concentration of nitrogen (A), phosphorus (B) and potassium (C) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv. ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated for 48 days with different concentrations of Nd (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and Zn (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1). Bars ± SD (standard deviation) with different letters in each subfigure indicate significant statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05).

Significance of the study factors and their interaction in the foliar concentration of N, P and K, in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv_ ‘Ruby Sky’ plants_

Study factorsNitrogen (N)Phosphorus (P)Potassium (K)
Nd<0.0001*<0.0001*<0.0001*
Zn<0.0001*0.4549ns<0.0001*
Nd × Zn<0.0001*<0.0001*<0.0001*

Significance of the study factors and their interaction in the weights of fresh and dry biomasses, and their relationships, in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv_ ‘Ruby Sky’ plants_

Study factorsFMStem:root FM ratioDMStem:root DM ratio
ShootRootTotalShootRootTotal
Nd0.0006*<0.0001*0.0004*0.3680ns<0.0001*0.0001*<0.0001*0.5537ns
Zn0.0009*<0.0001*0.0005*0.1334ns<0.0001*0.0004*<0.0001*0.0023*
Nd × Zn0.2578ns0.1038ns0.2535ns0.0186*0.0049*0.0311*0.0054*0.0433*

Composition of the Steiner nutrient solution and chemical sources used in this experiment_

NutrientConcentration (mg · L−1)Chemical sourcesBrand
N168.00Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O and KNO3Meyer and Meyer
P31.00KH2PO4J.T. Baker
K273.00KNO3, K2SO4 and KH2PO4Meyer, J.T. Baker, and Meyer
Ca180.00Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2OMeyer
Mg48.00MgSO4 · 7H2OMeyer
S112.00K2SO4 and MgSO4 · 7H2OJ.T. Baker and Meyer
Fe5.00Fe-EDTA1Sigma-Adrich, J.T. Baker and Meyer
Cu0.02CuSO4 · 5H2OFermont
Zn0.11ZnSO4 · 7H2OFermont
Mn0.62MnSO4 · H2OFermont
B0.44H3BO3J.T. Baker
Mo0.10H2MoO4 · H2OJ.T. Baker

Ratios of fresh and dry stem:root biomasses in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv_ ‘Ruby Sky’ plants treated with Nd and Zn_

Nd (mg · L−1)Zn (mg · L−1)Stem:root FM ratioStem:root DM ratio
0.0000.14.80 ± 0.21 ab6.47 ± 0.42 ab
0.0000.24.22 ± 0.19 b6.47 ± 0.41 ab
0.0000.34.49 ± 0.03 ab6.09 ± 0.09 ab
2.8850.14.65 ± 0.25 ab6.17 ± 0.24 ab
2.8850.24.82 ± 0.16 ab5.11 ± 0.19 b
2.8850.34.70 ± 0.06 ab6.54 ± 0.48 ab
5.7700.14.96 ± 0.09 ab6.84 ± 0.18 ab
5.7700.24.74 ± 0.09 ab5.50 ± 0.12 ab
5.7700.34.81 ± 0.11 ab6.77 ± 0.09 ab
8.6550.14.48 ± 0.13 b5.57 ± 0.29 ab
8.6550.24.53 ± 0.11 ab5.17 ± 0.38 b
8.6550.35.53 ± 0.35 a7.56 ± 0.71 a

Significance of the study factors and their interaction in growth variables of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cv_ ‘Ruby Sky’ plants_

Study factorsPlant heightNumber of leavesLeaf lengthRoot volumeLeaf area
Nd0.0012*0.0001*0.0196*0.0250*<0.0001*
Zn0.9442ns0.7758ns0.0008*0.6681ns0.0001*
Nd × Zn0.1283ns0.3965ns0.0152*0.5860ns0.0198*
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0017 | Journal eISSN: 2083-5965 | Journal ISSN: 0867-1761
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Language: English
Page range: 283 - 297
Submitted on: Jan 21, 2024
Accepted on: Jun 17, 2024
Published on: Sep 5, 2024
Published by: Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
inorganic biostimulants,
lanthanides,
micronutrients,
rare earth elements
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Plant science,
Zoology,
Ecology,
Life sciences, other

© 2024 Imelda Rueda-López, Libia I. Trejo-Téllez, Fernando C. Gómez-Merino, María G. Peralta-Sánchez, Sara M. Ramírez-Olvera, published by Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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