Figure 1.
Temperature and humidity values recorded in the greenhouse during the research periods.
Table 1.
Applications involved in the study.
| Application | Abbreviations |
|---|---|
| Control | C |
| Microbial fertilisation alone | MF |
| Chemical fertilisation | CF |
| Chemical fertilisation + microbial fertilisation | CF + MF |
| 50% Chemical fertilisation + microbial fertilisation | 50% CF + MF |
| Dipping into microbial fertilisation + chemical fertilisation | D + CF |
Figure 2.
Lettuce before harvesting (6-1: D + CF) and chlorophyll measurement in cucumber leaves. D, dipping; CF, chemical fertilisation.
Table 2.
Effects of different applications on head height, root collar diameter, number of leaves and total chlorophyll contents in curly lettuce.
| Application | Head height (cm) | Root collar diameter (mm) | Leaves (per plant) | Chlorophyll contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 16.95 cd* | 18.17 b | 52.00 c | 23.85 b |
| MF | 16.71 d | 17.86 b | 53.57 bc | 21.87 c |
| CF | 19.03 b | 20.05 a | 58.00 ab | 26.33 a |
| CF + MF | 18.05 bc | 18.82 ab | 56.10 bc | 25.98 a |
| 50% CF + MF | 18.03 bc | 18.89 ab | 57.00 abc | 25.20 ab |
| D + CF | 20.44 a | 20.22 a | 62.57 a | 25.70 a |
| LSD5% | 1.1165 | 1.8548 | 5.9853 | 1.4752 |
Table 3.
Effects of different applications on the total soluble solid and pH in curly lettuce.
| Application | Soluble solid (%) | pH |
|---|---|---|
| C | 3.80 ab* | 5.83 a |
| MF | 4.00 a | 5.76 cd |
| CF | 3.63 b | 5.78 bc |
| CF + MF | 3.83 ab | 5.80 ab |
| 50% CF + MF | 4.10 a | 5.74 d |
| D + CF | 4.10 a | 5.80 ab |
| LSD5% | 0.3138 | 0.0358 |
Figure 3.
Effects of different applications on L, chroma (C) and hue (H°) angle values in curly lettuce leaves. The difference between values not shown with the same letter are significant at a p < 0.05 level. C, control; CF, chemical fertilisation; MF, microbial fertilisation; D, dipping.
Table 4.
Effects of different applications on total yield, markeTable yield, total average head weight and markeTable average head weight in curly lettuce.
| Application | Total yield (kg · ha−1) | MarkeTable yield (kg · ha−1) | Total average weight (g · plant−1) | Mark. average weight (g · plant−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 20,127.3 d* | 18,978.0 d | 362.29 d | 341.60 d |
| MF | 20,329.9 d | 19,053.2 d | 365.94 d | 342.96 d |
| CF | 29,265.0 b | 26,981.5 b | 526.77 b | 485.67 b |
| CF + MF | 29,513.9 ab | 27,297.4 b | 531.25 ab | 491.36 b |
| 50% CF + MF | 25,665.5 c | 23,607.6 c | 461.98 c | 424.94 c |
| D + CF | 30,486.1 a | 28,750.0 a | 548.75 a | 517.50 a |
| LSD5% | 999.12 | 1,044.9 | 17.983 | 18.809 |
Table 5.
Effects of different applications on the fruit length, fruit stalk length, fruit stalk thickness and fruit diameter in cucumber.
| Application | Fruit length (cm) | Fruit stalk length (cm) | Fruit stalk thickness (mm) | Fruit diameter (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 11.18 b* | 1.80 | 3.57 | 23.76 d |
| MF | 11.54 ab | 2.01 | 3.28 | 24.84 c |
| CF | 12.18 a | 2.03 | 3.52 | 25.20 bc |
| CF + MF | 11.55 ab | 1.71 | 3.52 | 26.44 a |
| 50% CF + MF | 11.79 ab | 1.82 | 3.59 | 26.19 a |
| D + CF | 12.03 ab | 1.82 | 3.58 | 25.82 ab |
| LSD5% | 0.928 | NS | NS | 0.691 |
Table 6.
Effects of different applications on total soluble solid, pH and hardness.
| Application | Soluble solid (%) | pH | Unpeeled hardness (kg · cm−2) | Peeled hardness (kg · cm−2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 3.37 b* | 5.50 | 1.98 b | 1.35 |
| MF | 3.40 b | 5.53 | 2.16 a | 1.41 |
| CF | 3.34 b | 5.50 | 2.21 a | 1.40 |
| CF + MF | 3.46 ab | 5.50 | 2.24 a | 1.42 |
| 50% CF + MF | 3.42 b | 5.50 | 2.12 ab | 1.36 |
| D + CF | 3.57 a | 5.50 | 1.97 b | 1.33 |
| LSD5% | 0.133 | NS | 0.1536 | NS |
Table 7.
Effects of different applications on L, C and H° colour values of fruits and on chlorophyll of cucumber leaves.
| Application | L | C | H° | Chlorophyll contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 35.92 | 21.61 | 123.25 | 43.98 d* |
| MF | 36.32 | 20.79 | 123.42 | 53.34 bc |
| CF | 36.32 | 21.35 | 123.49 | 54.13 b |
| CF + MF | 36.57 | 21.10 | 123.47 | 49.33 c |
| 50% CF + MF | 37.50 | 22.86 | 122.95 | 60.84 a |
| D + CF | 35.62 | 20.66 | 123.58 | 60.83 a |
| LSD5% | N.S. | N.S. | N.S. | 4.1579 |
Figure 4.
Histogram showing the effects of different applications on the first- and second-class yields (kg · ha−1) of cucumber. The difference between values not shown with the same letter are significant at a p < 0.05 level. C, control; CF, chemical fertilisation; MF, microbial fertilisation; D, dipping.
Figure 5.
First female flower formation in cucumber plants and number of female flowers when 50% of plants flower. C, control; CF, chemical fertilisation; MF, microbial fertilisation; D, dipping.
Figure 6.
Effect of different applications on the development of cucumber roots.