Thrips (Thysanoptera) associated with onion (Allium cepa L.) and Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.)

Species composition of thrips (imago and larvae) collected from Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum by sweeping net and directly from plants in 2014

Cultivars		^*Alibaba	^*Bila	^*Karmen	^*Kristine	^**Kroll	^*Niagara F₁	^*Polanowska	^*Tęcza	^*Wenta	^*Total
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	N	221	179	252	176	99	190	261	273	178	1,829
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	(%)	65.38	56.65	78.75	45.60	10.62	61.29	60.70	66.59	51.00	48.25
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	N	93	101	51	187	806	84	148	129	141	1740
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	(%)	27.51	31.96	15.94	48.45	86.48	27.10	34.42	31.46	40.40	45.90
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	N	14	14	9	13	20	24	11	5	18	128
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	(%)	4.14	4.43	2.81	3.37	2.15	7.74	2.56	1.22	5.16	3.38
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	N	6	13	1	6	5	6	7	3	3	50
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	(%)	1.78	4.11	0.31	1.55	0.54	1.94	1.63	0.73	0.86	1.32
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	N	3	6	6	4	1	4	1	0	5	30
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	(%)	0.89	1.90	1.88	1.04	0.11	1.29	0.23	–	1.43	0.79
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	N	1	3	1	–	1	2	2	0	4	14
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	(%)	0.30	0.95	0.31	0.00	0.11	0.65	0.47	–	1.15	0.37

Total	N	338	316	320	386	932	310	430	410	349	3,791
Mean (± SE)		84.5 b ± 11.2	79. 0 b ± 13.8	80.0 b ± 22.2	96.5 ab ± 8.9	233.a ± 47.4	77.5 b ± 15.1	107.0 ab ± 20.8	102.5 ab ± 19.2	87.2 b ± 17.3

F											3.531
p											0.006

* Cultivars of A. cepa.

** Cultivar of A. fistulosum.

Means marked with different letters are significantly different from each other (multiple Tukey's test p < 0.05).

Table 2

Species composition of thrips (imago and larvae) collected from Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum by sweeping net and directly from plants in 2015.

Onion cultivars		^*Alibaba	^*Bila	^*Karmen	^*Kristine	^**Kroll	^*Niagara F₁	^*Polanowska	^*Tęcza	^*Wenta	Total
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	N	1,312	1,241	1,672	1,157	1,781	1,403	1,024	1,059	1,389	12,038
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	(%)	68.58	69.68	68.55	66.53	39.26	68.31	69.42	64.97	73.77	61.89
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	N	557	474	705	523	2687	584	417	543	457	6,947
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	(%)	29.12	26.61	28.91	30.07	59.24	28.43	28.27	33.31	24.27	35.72
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	N	38	36	55	50	40	58	29	28	34	368
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	(%)	1.99	2.02	2.26	2.88	0.88	2.82	1.97	1.72	1.81	1.89
Haplothrips niger Osborn, 1883	N	3	6	0	3	12	3	3	0	0	30
Haplothrips niger Osborn, 1883	(%)	0.16	0.34	–	0.17	0.26	0.15	0.20	–	–	0.15
Chirothrips hamatus Trybom, 1895	N	2	4	2	3	10	2	1	0	2	26
Chirothrips hamatus Trybom, 1895	(%)	0.10	0.22	0.08	0.17	0.22	0.10	0.07	–	0.11	0.13
Thrips fuscipenis Haliday, 1836	N	0	6	5	2	3	2	0	0	0	18
Thrips fuscipenis Haliday, 1836	(%)	–	0.34	0.21	0.12	0.07	0.10	–	–	–	0.09
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	N	0	13	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	14
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	(%)	–	0.73	–	–	–	0.05	–	–	–	0.07
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	N	1	1	0	0	3	1	1	0	1	8
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	(%)	0.05	0.06	–	–	0.07	0.05	0.07	–	0.05	0.04
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	N	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	(%)	–	–	–	0.06	–	–	–	–	–	0.01

Total	N	1,913	1,781	2,439	1,739	4,536	2,054	1,475	1,630	1,883	19,450
Mean (± SE)		478.2 bc ± 52.8	445.2 bc ± 64.8	609.7 b ± 45.7	434.7 bc ± 41.4	1134.0 a ± 150.4	513.5 bc ± 44.9	368.7 c ± 23.7	407.5 bc ± 32.1	470.7 b ± 51.3

F											9.995
p											0.000

* Explanations: see Table 1.

Table 3

Species composition of thrips (imago and larvae) collected from Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum by sweeping net and directly from plants in 2016.

Onion cultivars		^*Alibaba	^*Bila	^*Karmen	^*Kristine	^**Kroll	^*Niagara F₁	^*Polanowska	^*Tęcza	^*Wenta	Total
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	N	723	494	578	639	1,084	579	848	232	616	5,793
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	(%)	58.92	64.74	64.22	63.77	44.10	64.12	69.28	80.28	58.17	58.96
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	N	320	177	207	240	1043	214	247	29	298	2775
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	(%)	26.08	23.20	23.00	23.95	42.43	23.70	20.18	10.03	28.14	28.24
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	N	137	68	86	101	137	88	84	28	94	823
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	(%)	11.17	8.91	9.56	10.08	5.57	9.75	6.86	9.69	8.88	8.38
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	N	9	4	12	8	77	6	12	0	13	141
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	(%)	0.73	0.52	1.33	0.80	3.13	0.66	0.98	–	1.23	1.44
Thrips fuscipenis Haliday, 1836	N	10	4	11	8	74	6	9	0	12	134
Thrips fuscipenis Haliday, 1836	(%)	0.81	0.52	1.22	0.80	3.01	0.66	0.74	–	1.13	1.36
Chirothrips hamatus Trybom, 1895	N	22	9	4	1	23	7	20	0	12	98
Chirothrips hamatus Trybom, 1895	(%)	1.79	1.18	0.44	0.10	0.94	0.78	1.63	–	1.13	1.00
Chirothrips manicatus Haliday, 1836	N	4	6	1	4	14	3	1	0	10	43
Chirothrips manicatus Haliday, 1836	(%)	0.33	0.79	0.11	0.40	0.57	0.33	0.08	–	0.94	0.44
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	N	2	0	1	1	5	0	3	0	4	16
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	(%)	0.16	–	0.11	0.10	0.20	–	0.25	–	0.38	0.16
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	N	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	(%)	–	0.13	–	–	0.04	–	–	–	–	0.02

Total	N	1,227	763	900	1,002	2,458	903	1,224	289	1,059	9,825
Mean (± SE)		306.7 b ± 21.2	160.7 b ± 15.3	225.0 b ± 29.4	250.5 b ± 42.1	614.5 a ± 55.6	225.7 b ± 28.0	306.0 b ± 20.7	72.2 c ± 15.2	264.7 b ± 29.0

F											21.671
p											0.000

* Explanations: see Table 1.

Table 4

Sex ratio index of the most numerous species of thrips (imago) collected from Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum by sweeping net and directly from plants in 2015 and 2016.

Onion cultivars	Thrips tabaci			Aeolothrips intermedius			Frankliniella intonsa

	Male	Female	Sex ratio	Male	Female	Sex ratio	Male	Female	Sex ratio
2015
Alibaba	1	1,311	99.9	1	37	97.4	15	542	97.3
Bila	14	1,227	98.9	0	36	100.0	11	463	97.7
Karmen	20	1,652	98.8	4	51	92.7	15	690	97.9
Kristine	2	1,155	99.8	0	50	100.0	12	511	97.7
Kroll^**	12	1,769	99.3	5	35	87.5	81	2606	97.0
Niagara F₁	15	1,388	98.9	0	58	100.0	21	563	96.4
Polanowska	0	1,024	100.0	2	27	93.1	14	403	96.6
Tęcza	0	1,059	100.0	0	28	100.0	0	543	100.0
Wenta	0	1,389	100.0	3	31	91.2	5	452	98.9

2016
Alibaba	0	723	100.0	33	104	75.9	3	317	99.1
Bila	0	494	100.0	18	50	73.5	2	175	98.9
Karmen	1	577	99.8	18	68	79.1	1	206	99.5
Kristine	1	638	99.8	22	79	78.2	2	238	99.2
Kroll^**	0	1,084	100.0	21	116	84.7	21	1,022	98.0
Niagara F₁	1	578	99.8	25	63	71.6	0	214	100.0
Polanowska	2	846	99.8	18	66	78.6	1	246	99.6
Tęcza	0	232	100.0	0	28	100.0	0	29	100.0
Wenta	0	616	100.0	23	71	75.5	7	291	97.7

** Cultivar of A. fistulosum, other cultivars are the A. cepa.

Share of the three most abundant species on *Allium cepa* and *Allium fistulosum* in 2014 (cv. Kroll – *A. fistulosum*, others cvs – *A. cepa*).

Share of the three most abundant species on *Allium cepa* and *Allium fistulosum* in 2015 (cv. Kroll – *A. fistulosum*, others cvs – *A. cepa*).

Share of the three most abundant species on *Allium cepa* and *Allium fistulosum* in 2016 (cv. Kroll – *A. fistulosum*, others cvs – *A. cepa*).

Table S1

Total number and percentage share of thrips species (Thysanoptera) (imago and larvae) collected from Allium cepa (mean % for eight tested cultivars) and Allium fistulosum (one cultivar) directly from plants in 2014–2016.

Species/year	A. cepa						A. fistulosum

	2014		2015		2016		2014	2015	2016

	Min–max^*	Mean	Min–max	Mean	Min–max	Mean	Mean
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	38.24–61.19	51.23	71.96–81.50	78.35	71.53–81.30	76.45	20.11	49.92	40.20
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	16.54–41.26	32.17	16.38–25.18	19.84	3.5–20.05	19.36	72.06	49.20	44.64
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	1.42–19.17	9.69	0.46–2.31	1.49	1.75–3.50	3.73	5.46	0.48	6.14
Chirothrips hamatus Trybom, 1895	–	–	0.00–0.28	0.10	0.00–0.57	0.10	–	0.20	1.11
Chirothrips manicatus Haliday, 1836	–	–	–	–	0.00–0.41	0.07	–	–	0.69
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	0.00–2.13	1.51	0.00–0.17	0.05	0.00–0.99	0.23	–	–	3.55
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	0.00–3.57	1.41	–	0.03	–	–	0.52	–	0.22
Haplothrips niger Osborn, 1883	–	–	0.00–0.15	–	–	–	–	0.20	–
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	0.00–9.75	3.99	–	–	–	–	1.85	–	0.06
Thrips fuscipenis Haliday, 1836	–	–	0.00–0.46	0.14	0.00–0.31	0.06	–	–	3.39
Total number	–	629	–	3999	–	2270	153	659	314

* Min–mean percentage of thrips on onion cultivar with the lowest percentage share; max–mean percentage of thrips on onion cultivar with the highest percentage share.

Table S2

Total number and percentage share of thrips species (Thysanoptera) (imago and larvae) collected from Allium cepa (mean% for eight tested cultivars) and Allium fistulosum (one cultivar) using sweeping net in 2014–2016.

Species/Year	A. cepa						A. fistulosum

	2014		2015		2016		2014	2015	2016

	Min–max^*	Mean	Min–max	Mean	Min–max	Mean	Mean
Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889	46.63–78.91	63.60	60.58–70.40	65.08	47.54–74.36	60.68	10.69	37.90	40.19
Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, 1895	14.31–49.64	31.58	27.08–37.92	32.04	7.70–17.09	22.09	87.49	60.82	44.63
Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934	14.31–49.64	2.44	27.08–37.92	2.36	7.86–17.09	12.85	1.38	1.02	6.69
Chirothrips hamatus Trybom, 1895	–	–	0.10–0.31	0.11	0.00–2.39	1.36	–	0.01	1.01
Chirothrips manicatus Haliday, 1836	–	–	–	–	0.00–1.89	0.64	–	–	0.69
Haplothrips aculeatus Fabricius, 1803	0.00–1.78	0.22	0.00–0.25	0.03	0.00–1.71	1.08	0.13	0.08	3.55
Haplothrips leucantemi Schrank, 1781	0.00–2.40	1.19	–	–	0.00–0.42	0.20	–	–	0.24
Haplothrips niger Osborn, 1883	–	–	0.47–1.02	0.72	–	–	–	0.1	–
Thrips flavus Schrank, 1776	0.31–2.12	0.97	0.00–0.76	0.10	0.00–0.21	0.03	0.31	–	0.06
Thrips fuscipenis Haliday, 1836	–	–	0.00–0.28	0.07	0.00–1.61	1.07	–	0.07	2.23
Total number	–	2230	–	10901	–	5097	779	3891	2144

* Min–mean percentage of thrips on onion cultivar with the lowest percentage share; max–mean percentage of thrips on onion cultivar with the highest percentage share.

References

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2020-0028 | Journal eISSN: 2083-5965 | Journal ISSN: 0867-1761

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Language: English

Page range: 319 - 335

Submitted on: Jun 17, 2020

Accepted on: Oct 29, 2020

Published on: Nov 24, 2020

Published by: Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

Keywords:

Aeolothrips intermedius,

arrhenotokous,

cultivar,

Frankliniella intonsa,

Related subjects:

© 2020 Marta Olczyk, Maria Pobożniak, published by Polish Society for Horticultural Sciences (PSHS)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 32 (2020): Issue 2 (December 2020)

Thrips (Thysanoptera) associated with onion (Allium cepa L.) and Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.)

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Table S1

Table S2

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