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Deforestation as a catalyst for natural disaster and community suffering: A cycle in the socioecological system Cover

Deforestation as a catalyst for natural disaster and community suffering: A cycle in the socioecological system

Open Access
|Jun 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Map of the research implementation site, which includes the Palu and Jeneberang watersheds that are are located in the Central and West Sulawesi provinces, Indonesia
Map of the research implementation site, which includes the Palu and Jeneberang watersheds that are are located in the Central and West Sulawesi provinces, Indonesia

Figure 2.

Maximum regression tree topology for Y (A) and optimal regression tree topology for Y (B)
Maximum regression tree topology for Y (A) and optimal regression tree topology for Y (B)

Figure 3.

RCV (x-Val relative error) plot of community encroachment rate (Y) response variable
RCV (x-Val relative error) plot of community encroachment rate (Y) response variable

Figure 4.

Optimum classification tree with four final terminals on the community encroachment rate (Y) response variable
Optimum classification tree with four final terminals on the community encroachment rate (Y) response variable

Figure 5.

Integration of time series, flood disaster, incomes before and after disaster, and Chi-square correlation test
Integration of time series, flood disaster, incomes before and after disaster, and Chi-square correlation test

Figure 6.

The cycle of the socioecological system before the community is involved (A) and after the community is involved in forest encroachment (B) as a silent partner for the wood businesspeople
The cycle of the socioecological system before the community is involved (A) and after the community is involved in forest encroachment (B) as a silent partner for the wood businesspeople

Figure 7.

Integration of 2019 flood, wood business partnerships and flood victims of various ethnicities, and the level of deforestation
Integration of 2019 flood, wood business partnerships and flood victims of various ethnicities, and the level of deforestation

Figure 8.

Changes in land cover from 2009 to 2021
Changes in land cover from 2009 to 2021

Result of relationship analysis between response variable (community encroachment rate) and explanatory variables

Explanatory variablesVariable response (Y)P-value
quite severeseverereally severe
Number of family members0.919
1–3 People102120
>3 People336155
Age of the head of the family<0.001
36–45 years20148
>45 years236867
Health of the head of the family0.517
Not supporting71919
Supporting366356
Flood<0.001
Heavy30173
Really heavy136572
Landslide<0.001
Wide30165
Really wide136670
Whirlwind<0.001
Speedy437128
Really speedy01147
Earthquake/liquefaction<0.001
High156258
Really high282017

Variables of forest damage level (Y) and explanatory/independent (X) variables in CART analysis

Response variable
Encroachment rate by community (Y)1Quite severe
2Severe
3Really severe
Explanatory variable
Number of family (people) (X1)11–3
2>3
Age of the head of family (years) (X2)136–45
2>45
Health of the head of family (X3)1Supporting
2Not supporting
Flood (X4)1Heavy
2Really heavy
Landslide (X5)1Wide
2Very wide
Whirlwind (X6)1Speedy
2Very speedy
Earthquake/liquefaction (X7)1High
2Very high
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2024-0007 | Journal eISSN: 2199-5907 | Journal ISSN: 0071-6677
Language: English
Page range: 72 - 88
Submitted on: Jan 10, 2023
Accepted on: Jan 26, 2024
Published on: Jun 15, 2024
Published by: Forest Research Institute
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2024 Golar Golar, Hasriani Muis, Isrun Isrun, Wahyu Syahputra Simorangkir, Fadhliah Fadhliah, Muhammad Nur Ali, Muhammad Basir-Cyio, published by Forest Research Institute
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.