Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Distribution of xylotrophs by micro-horizons in the stands of the tract “Tovsta” of the green zone of Bila Tserkva
| Fungi species/tree family | Mycohorizon | Substrate, diameter (d), cm | № SP |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dendrothele acerina (Pers.) P.A. Lemke/Acer L. | stem | trunks of living trees, d = 44 – 50 | 3, 5 |
| D. alliacea (Quél.) P.A. Lemke/Ulmus L., Acer L. | stem | trunks of living trees, d = 13 – 44 | 3, 5 |
| Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr./Quercus L. | stem | trunks d = 31 – 36 | 5 |
| Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév./Quercus L. | butt | stumps d = 9 – 20 | 3 |
| Oxyporus populinus (Schumach.) Donk/Acer L., Tilia L. | butt | trunks d = 40 – 49 | 3, 5 |
| Polyporus alveolaris (DC.) Bondartsev et Singer/Acer L., Quercus L., Ulmus L., Tilia L. | above ground, crown | trunks of living trees, d = 10 – 56, dry branches, d = 5 – 6 | 3, 5 |
| Phellinus robustus (P.Karst.) Bourdot et Galzin/Quercus L. | stem | trunks d = 38 – 69 | 3, 5 |
| Schizopora paradoxa (Schrad.) Donk/Quercus L. | stem, crown | trunks and branches 1st order, d = 10 – 14 | 3, 5 |
| Trametes pubescens (Schumach.) Pilát/Ulmus L. | above ground | dry branches d = 3 | 3 |
| Vuilleminia comedens (Nees) Maire/Acer L., Quercus L. | above ground, crown | trunks and branches, d = 25 – 40, dry branches, d = 1 – 2 | 3 |
Taxonomic structure of aphylophoroid fungi found in the studied forests of green areas of Kyiv (“Lyman Oshytky” tract, Lake Ebisu), Bila Tserkva (“Tovsta” tract, “Koshyk” tract) and Uman (“Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract)
| Orders | Families | Species | Tracts in which fungi were found |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Agaricales | Physalacriaceae | Cylindrobasidium evolvens (Fr.) Jülich | “Koshyk” tract |
| Pterulaceae | Radulomyces molaris (Chaillet ex Fr.) Christ. | “Lyman Oshytky” tract; “Koshyk” tract; “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | |
| Schizophyllaceae | Schizophyllum commune Fr.* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract; “Koshyk” tract; “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | |
| Auriculariales | Exidiaceae | Exidia glandulosa (Bull.) Fr. | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract |
| E. truncata Fr. | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | ||
| Auriculariaceae | Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers. | “Tovsta” tract | |
| Boletales | Paxillaceae | Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr.* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract |
| Corticiales | Corticiales | Dendrothele acerina (Pers.) P.A. Lemke | “Koshyk” tract; “Tovsta” tract |
| Dendrothele alliacea (Quél.) P.A. Lemke | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Vuilleminia comedens (Nees) Maire | “Lyman Oshytky” tract; “Koshyk” tract; “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | ||
| Hymenochaetales | Hymenochaetaceae | Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. | “Koshyk” tract; “Tovsta” tract; “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract |
| Phellinus ferruginosus (Schad.) Pat. | “Koshyk” tract; “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | ||
| Phellinus robustus (P.Karst.) Bourdot et Galzin* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract; “Koshyk” tract; “Tovsta” tract; “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | ||
| Phellinus punctatus (P.Karst.) Pilát | “Koshyk” tract | ||
| Phellinus contiguus (Pers.) Pat. | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél.* | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Phellinus laevigatus (Fr.) Bourdot et Galzin | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Schizoporaceae | Oxyporus corticola (Fr.) Ryvarden | “Koshyk” tract; “Tovsta” tract | |
| Schizopora flavipora (Berk. et M.A. Curtis ex Cooke) Ryvarden | “Koshyk” tract; “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Schizopora paradoxa (Schrad.) Donk | “Koshyk” tract | ||
| Polyporales | Fomitopsidaceae | Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract; “Koshyk” tract; “Tovsta” tract |
| Fomitopsis pinícola (Sw.) P. Karst.* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract | ||
| Meruliaceae | Hyphoderma setigerum (Fr.) Donk | “Koshyk” tract | |
| Phlebia radiata Fr. | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Phanerochaetaceae | Hapalopilus rutilans (Pers.) Murrill, 1904 | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | |
| Steccherinum fimbriatum (Pers.) J. Erikss. | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | ||
| Phanerochaete laevis (Fr.) J. Erikss. et Ryvarden | “Koshyk” tract | ||
| Irpex lacteus (Fr.) Fr.* | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Polyporaceae | Daedaleopsis confragosa var. tricolor (Bull.) Bondartsev et Singer | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | |
| Lenzites betulina (L.) Fr.* | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | ||
| Trichaptum biforme (Fr.) Ryvarden* | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract | ||
| Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd* | “Koshyk” tract | ||
| Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Pilát* | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Trametes pubescens (Schumach.) Pilát* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract; “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr.* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract; “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Piptoporus alveolaris (DC.) Bondartsev et Singer | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Piptoporusbetulinus (Bull.) P. Karst* | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract; “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Piptoporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr. | “Tovsta” tract | ||
| Russulales | Peniophoraceae | Peniophora laeta (Fr.) Donk | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract |
| Peniophoracinerea (Pers.) Cooke | “Koshyk” tract | ||
| Peniophora quercina (Pers.) Cooke | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract; “Koshyk” tract | ||
| Stereaceae | Stereum gausapatum (Fr.) Fr. | “Koshyk” tract | |
| Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers.* | “Koshyk” tract; “Lyman Oshytky” tract | ||
| Stereum subtomentosum Pouzar* | “Koshyk” tract; “Lyman Oshytky” tract | ||
| Thelephorales | Thelephoraceae | Thelephora terrestris Ehrh., Pl. Crypt. Linn. Exsicc* | “Lyman Oshytky” tract |
| Tremellales | Tremellaceae | Tremella mesenterica (Schaeff.) Retz. | “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract |
| Total: 9 | 17 | 46 | – |
Changes in the diversity of xylotrophs in Quercus robur L_ stands (7Qr2Tc1Ap+Pas_Rp)* of the “Bilogrudivska Dacha” tract depending on the deterioration of forest conditions around the sports ground
| № SP/S | State index of stand | Shannon’s diversity index | Berger–Parker dominance index | McIntosh evenness index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/1 | 2.63 | 1.34 ± 0.06 | 0.40 ± 0.02 | 0.54 ± 0.02 |
| 1/2 | 2.32 | 1.60 ± 0.08 | 0.28 ± 0.01 | 0.48 ± 0.02 |
| 1/3 | 2.28 | 2.60 ± 0.13 | 0.36 ± 0.02 | 0.69 ± 0.03 |
Distribution of species and finds of xylotrophic fungi in stands of different health conditions on the eco-profile with distance from Lake Ebisu (Kyiv Polissya)
| № SP | Distance from the lake, m | Species composition of the stand | Tree species | Age, yrs | Health condition index | Distribution of xylotrophs in forest ecosystems, units | The share of xylotrophs from their number at the eco-profile, % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tree species | stand | species | finds | ||||||
| 1 | 100 | 5Qr3Ps2Bp | Quercus robur L. | 100 | 2.71 | 2.55 | 4 | 13 | 21 |
| Pinus sylvestris L. | 80 | 1.75 | 2 | 4 | 5 | ||||
| Betula pendula Roth. | 80 | 1.65 | 3 | 8 | 17 | ||||
| Total in the stand | 2.55 | 9 | 25 | 43 | |||||
| 2 | 400 | 7Qr2Ps1Bp | Quercus robur L. | 105 | 1.95 | 1.75 | 6 | 15 | 25 |
| Pinus sylvestris L. | 60 | 1.70 | 2 | 5 | 5 | ||||
| Betula pendula Roth. | 60 | 1.90 | 8 | 9 | 22 | ||||
| Total in the stand | 1.75 | 16 | 29 | 52 | |||||
| 3C | 800 | 7Qr2Ps1Bp | Quercus robur L. | 120 | 1.70 | 1.60 | 8 | 28 | 15 |
| Pinus sylvestris L. | 100 | 1.65 | 2 | 9 | 5 | ||||
| Betula pendula Roth. | 80 | 1.50 | 7 | 16 | 7 | ||||
| Total in the stand | 1.60 | 17 | 53 | 27 | |||||
Characteristics of mechanical damage to tree trunks in the tract “Belogrudivska Dacha” in the green zone of Uman
| № SP-S; W, m2; N, pieces | Taxation of the first tier of the stand | Damaged trees | The area of wounds on tree trunks, S, m2 | The height of the wounds on the trunks, h, m | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nd, pieces | Q, % | M ± m | M ± m | ||
| Forest areas of intensive and medium load around the sports ground | |||||
| SP1-1, W = 450, N = 84 | 7Qr2Tc1Ap + Pas.Rp; CD – 0.87 | 13 | 15.5 | ||
| SP1-2, W = 450, N = 67 | 7Qr2Tc1Ap; CD – 0.87 | 9 | 13.4 | ||
| Areas of forest of medium and moderate load on picnic meadows | |||||
| SP2-2, W = 900, N = 71 | 10Qr; CD – 0.81 | 7 | 9.9 | ||
| SP2-3, W = 900, N = 69 | 10Qr; CD – 0.81 | 4 | 5.8 | ||
Changes in the diversity of xylotrophs in the Quercus robur L_ stands of the “Lyman Oshytky” tract in Kyiv Polissya depending on the distance to Lake Ebisu
| № SP | Distance, m | Shannon’s diversity index | Berger–Parker dominance index | McIntosh evenness index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | 1.80 ± 0.09 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.04 |
| 2 | 400 | 2.83 ± 0.4 | 0.51 ± 0.02 | 0.75 ± 0.04 |
| 3C | 800 | 2.89 ± 0.14 | 0.68 ± 0.03 | 0.69 ± 0.03 |