Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Table 4.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Measurement of gallery length
| Variable | n | Mean (cm) | Standard deviation (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal gallery length | 30 | 10.76 | 3.30 |
| Larval gallery length | 30 | 3.83 | 0.63 |
Egg deposition and measurement of developmental stages of Ips stebbingi
| Variable | n | Mean (mm) | Standard deviation (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eggs deposited | 30 | 23.16 (number) | 7.03 |
| Egg length | 30 | 0.72 | 0.03 |
| Egg width | 30 | 0.48 | 0.02 |
| Larval length | 30 | 3.00 | 0.13 |
| Larval width | 30 | 1.35 | 0.04 |
| Pupal length | 30 | 2.37 | 0.08 |
| Pupal width | 30 | 1.02 | 0.06 |
| Female length | 30 | 4.08 | 0.07 |
| Female width | 30 | 1.78 | 0.04 |
| Male length | 30 | 3.74 | 0.05 |
| Male width | 30 | 1.72 | 0.08 |
Developmental duration of Ips stebbingi
| Duration of generations (days) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Stage | First generation | Second generation | Third generation |
| Egg | 9–15 | 8–14 | 8–18 |
| Larva | 35–45 | 30–38 | 30–40 |
| Pupa | 20–26 | 18–24 | 21–28 |
| Adult | 60–70 | 45–60 | 140–175 |
| Total | 124–156 | 101–136 | 199–261 |