Distribution and natural regeneration of Tilia cordata Mill. in Ukrainian plain forests in a changing climate

Maksym Rumiantsev; Volodymyr Luk’yanets; Oleksii Kobets; Iryna Obolonyk; Oksana Tarnopilska; Svitlana Poznіakova; Sergiy Musienko; Olha Tupchii

doi:10.2478/ffp-2021-0014

.blurhash-client-img { display: none !important; }

Distribution and natural regeneration of Tilia cordata Mill. in Ukrainian plain forests in a changing climate

Folia Forestalia Polonica

Volume 63 (2021): Issue 2 (June 2021)

By: Maksym Rumiantsev, Volodymyr Luk’yanets, Oleksii Kobets, Iryna Obolonyk, Oksana Tarnopilska, Svitlana Poznіakova, Sergiy Musienko and Olha Tupchii

Open Access

|Jun 2021

Figures & Tables

Distribution map of *Tilia cordata* Mill. (dark-grey) in Europe (Svejgaard 2003; Radoglou et al. 2009; De Jaegere et al. 2016)

Location of the study site (grey pattern is the distribution of oak and lime stands within Ukraine and the study area)

Table 1

Current state of small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) stands in Ukraine (as of 2016)

Administrative regions	Total forest area (ha)	Including small-leaved lime stands
Administrative regions	Total forest area (ha)	ha	Percent of the total area
Autonomous of Crimea Republic	227,700	150	0.1
Cherkasy Region	255,400	2,660	1.0
Chernihiv Region	355,500	1,680	0.5
Chernivtsi Region	157,300	350	0.2
Dnipropetrovsk Region	65,700	50	0.1
Donetsk Region	92,500	110	0.1
Ivano-Frankivsk Region	425,800	1,830	0.4
Kharkiv Region	282,300	1,660	0.6
Kherson Region	77,300	–	<0.1
Khmelnytskyi Region	167,400	260	0.2
Kyiv Region	355,100	1,150	0.3
Kirovohrad Region	103,500	740	0.7
Luhansk Region	228,200	150	0.1
Lviv Region	428,200	1,280	0.3
Mykolaiv Region	37,400	–	<0.1
Odesa Region	90,200	80	0.1
Poltava Region	157,300	2,220	1.4
Rivne Region	584,200	200	<0.1
Sumy Region	255,600	4,240	1.7
Ternopil Region	143,600	460	0.3
Transcarpathian Region	461,200	20	<0.1
Vinnytsia Region	199,700	580	0.3
Volyn Region	436,800	100	<0.1
Zaporizhzhia Region	34,000	10	<0.1
Zhytomyr Region	660,300	450	0.1
Total Ukraine	6,282,200	20,430	0.3

Table 2

Distribution of lime stands by origin within the study area

Administrative regions	Origin of small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) stands						Total small-leaved lime
	vegetative		natural seed		planted seed		(Tilia cordata) stands
	ha	%	ha	%	ha	%	ha	%
Cherkasy Region	1,129	42.4	265	10.0	1,266	47.6	2,660	100
Chernihiv Region	1,405	83.6	136	8.1	139	8.3	1,680	100
Kharkiv Region	1,305	78.6	38	2.3	317	19.1	1,660	100
Kyiv Region	574	49.9	210	18.3	366	31.8	1,150	100
Poltava Region	1,784	80.4	29	1.3	407	18.3	2,220	100
Sumy Region	2,847	67.1	609	14.4	784	18.5	4,240	100
Total	9,044	66.5	1,287	9.5	3,279	24.0	13,610	100

Productivity of stands with different lime proportion in their composition

Table 3

Percentage of oak-lime stands in the total area of oak forests

Administrative regions	Area of oak stands [ha]	Area of oak- lime stands [ha]	Percentage of oak-lime stands
Cherkasy Region	117,690	59,860	50.9
Chernihiv Region	54,560	11,740	21.5
Kharkiv Region	150,800	52,310	34.7
Kyiv Region	64,380	14,440	22.4
Poltava Region	55,780	24,910	44.7
Sumy Region	95,500	46,520	48.7
Total	538,710	209,780	38.9

Table 4

Distribution of the area of oak stands with different proportions of lime in their composition (numerator – ha, denominator – % of the area)

Origin of small-leafed lime (Tilia cordata) stands	Unit	Lime proportion in oak stands
Origin of small-leafed lime (Tilia cordata) stands	Unit	10%	20%	30%	40%	50%	60%	total
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Cherkasy Region
Vegetative	ha	14,894	11,734	3,285	731	155	60	30,860
Vegetative	%	48.3	38.0	10.6	2.4	0.5	0.2	100
Natural seed	ha	8,503	6,205	1,848	506	101	10	17,172
Natural seed	%	49.5	36.1	10.8	2.9	0.6	0.1	100
Planted seed	ha	4,078	4,126	1,959	963	488	214	11,828
Planted seed	%	34.5	34.9	16.6	8.1	4.1	1.8	100
Total	ha	27,474	22,065	7,092	2,201	744	284	59,860
Total	%	45.9	36.9	11.8	3.7	1.2	0.5	100

Chernihiv Region
Vegetative	ha	3,330	2,177	922	337	174	28	6,969
Vegetative	%	47.8	31.2	13.2	4.8	2.5	0.4	100
Natural seed	ha	1,208	1,018	661	380	48	8	3,324
Natural seed	%	36.3	30.6	19.9	11.4	1.5	0.2	100
Planted seed	ha	589	484	232	91	33	24	1,452
Planted seed	%	40.5	33.3	16.0	6.2	2.3	1.7	100
Total	ha	5,126	3,679	1,813	808	254	60	11,740
Total	%	43.7	31.3	15.4	6.9	2.2	0.5	100

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Kharkiv Region
Vegetative	ha	22,774	11,231	3,730	1,053	196	42	39,025
Vegetative	%	58.4	28.8	9.6	2.7	0.5	0.1	100
Natural seed	ha	4,541	2,823	723	276	155	26	8,543
Natural seed	%	53.2	33.0	8.5	3.2	1.8	0.3	100
Planted seed	ha	1,917	1,467	872	222	166	99	4,742
Planted seed	%	40.4	30.9	18.4	4.7	3.5	2.1	100
Total	ha	29,232	15,521	5,324	1,551	517	167	52,310
Total	%	55.9	29.7	10.2	3.0	1.0	0.3	100

Kyiv Region
Vegetative	ha	4,481	1,173	422	187	11	29	6,303
Vegetative	%	71.1	18.6	6.7	3.0	0.2	0.5	100
Natural seed	ha	2,850	1,116	489	185	83	18	4,741
Natural seed	%	60.1	23.5	10.3	3.9	1.8	0.4	100
Planted seed	ha	2,020	802	329	131	82	31	3,396
Planted seed	%	59.5	23.6	9.7	3.9	2.4	0.9	100
Total	ha	9,351	3,091	1,240	503	177	78	14,440
Total	%	64.8	21.4	8.6	3.5	1.2	0.5	100

Poltava Region
Vegetative	ha	8,823	6,398	2,772	760	208	28	18,988
Vegetative	%	46.5	33.7	14.6	4.0	1.1	0.1	100
Natural seed	ha	1,333	971	423	165	35	13	2,940
Natural seed	%	45.3	33.0	14.4	5.6	1.2	0.5	100
Planted seed	ha	1,191	890	479	254	106	61	2,982
Planted seed	%	39.9	29.9	16.1	8.5	3.6	2.1	100
Total	ha	11,346	8,259	3,674	1,179	349	103	24,910
Total	%	45.5	33.2	14.7	4.7	1.4	0.4	100

Sumy Region
Vegetative	ha	12,140	9,267	4,309	1,593	462	155	27,925
Vegetative	%	43.5	33.2	15.4	5.7	1.7	0.6	100
Natural seed	ha	5,884	4,893	2,137	572	151	38	13,674
Natural seed	%	43.0	35.8	15.6	4.2	1.1	0.3	100
Planted seed	ha	1,890	1,595	811	418	168	41	4,921
Planted seed	%	38.4	32.4	16.5	8.5	3.4	0.8	100
Total	ha	19,913	15,754	7,256	2,582	781	233	46,520
Total	%	42.8	33.9	15.6	5.6	1.7	0.5	100

Productivity of oak stands with different lime proportion in their composition

Table 5

Natural regeneration aged below 15 years under the canopy of oak stands of different ages, compositions and relative densities of stocking

Sample plot number	Characteristics of oak stands			The number of naturally regenerated seedlings
	Characteristics of oak stands			total [trees ha^-1]	including small-leaved lime
	stand composition	[years] age	density relative of stocking	total [trees ha^-1]	trees [ha^-1]	%
Oak stands aged 50–100 years
1	Oak 50%, ash 30%, N-maple 10%, lime 10%	50	0.85	4,300	200	4.7
2	Oak 40%, ash 30%, N-maple 20%, lime 10%	60	0.65	8,300	200	2.4
3	Oak 50%, ash 30%, lime 10%, N-maple 10%	70	0.60	14,600	400	2.7
4	Oak 80%, ash 10%, lime 10%	70	0.60	14,800	400	2.7
5	Oak 70%, lime 30%	79	0.80	6,500	500	7.7
6	Oak 90%, lime 10%	92	0.62	12,900	200	1.6
7	Oak 60%, lime 20%, ash 10%, N-maple 10%	99	0.83	11,600	500	4.3
Mean		74	0.71	10,400	300	3.7

Oak stands aged 101–130 years
8	Oak 60%, lime 30%, N-maple 10%	104	0.76	5,900	1,200	20.3
9	Oak 70%, lime 20%, N-maple 10%	104	0.75	22,100	1,100	5.0
10	Oak 70%, lime 20%, N-maple 10%	105	0.75	3,900	1,000	25.6
11	Oak 70%, ash 10%, lime 10%, N-maple 10%	108	0.70	16,700	300	1.8
12	Oak 70%, lime 20%, ash 10%	110	0.65	12,200	800	6.6
13	Oak 60%, ash 20%, lime 20%	115	0.66	8,600	2,100	24.4
14	Oak 80%, lime 10%, N-maple 10%	124	0.80	9,400	1,400	14.9
Mean		110	0.70	11,300	1,100	14.1

Oak stands aged 131–200 years
15	Oak 50%, ash 20%, lime 20%, N-maple 10%	144	0.80	8,100	400	4.9
16	Oak 50%, ash 20%, N-maple 20%, lime 10%	157	0.74	10,200	200	2.0
17	Oak 100%	183	0.61	12,900	100	0.8
18	Oak 90%, lime 10%	188	0.66	25,000	600	2.4
19	Oak 100%	193	0.69	26,800	300	1.1
20	Oak 50%, lime 30%, ash 10%, N-maple 10%	198	0.59	13,000	200	1.5
Mean		177	0.70	16,000	300	2.1

[i] Note: Oak – English oak (Quercus robur L.), ash – common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), N-maple – Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.), lime – small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.).

References

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2021-0014 | Journal eISSN: 2199-5907 | Journal ISSN: 0071-6677

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 125 - 137

Submitted on: Sep 8, 2020

Accepted on: Apr 1, 2021

Published on: Jun 8, 2021

Published by: Forest Research Institute

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

Related subjects:

© 2021 Maksym Rumiantsev, Volodymyr Luk’yanets, Oleksii Kobets, Iryna Obolonyk, Oksana Tarnopilska, Svitlana Poznіakova, Sergiy Musienko, Olha Tupchii, published by Forest Research Institute
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 63 (2021): Issue 2 (June 2021)

Distribution and natural regeneration of Tilia cordata Mill. in Ukrainian plain forests in a changing climate

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Table 1

Table 2

Figure 3

Table 3

Table 4

Figure 4

Table 5

Paradigm

My account