First report of Apiognomonia errabunda on Quercus ilex in Algeria

Oussama Ali Bensaci; Riadh Beghami; Kamel Gouaref

doi:10.2478/ffp-2021-0002

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First report of Apiognomonia errabunda on Quercus ilex in Algeria

Folia Forestalia Polonica

Volume 63 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)

By: Oussama Ali Bensaci, Riadh Beghami and Kamel Gouaref

Open Access

|Mar 2021

Figures & Tables

Map depicting the study sites situated in Belezma National Park: BRG: Bordjem, TUG: Tougurt, CHL: Chelaâlaâ, AAL: Ain Ali

Leaves of *Q. ilex* showing characteristic brown-necrosis caused by *D. quercina*

Table 1

Mean severity (%) calculated for each sites according to digital image analyses of Q. ilex leaves affected by anthracnose

Sites	Number of sampled trees	Number of sampled leaves	Severity (%)	Severity index	Horsfall-Barratt Scale
Bordjem	10	374	21.85 ± 0.18 ^b	0.10	3.99 ± 0.18
Tougurt	10	350	34.52 ± 0.15^a	0.13	4.76 ± 0.15
Chelaâlaâ	10	396	21.96 ± 0.17^b	0.11	4.01 ± 0.17
Ain Ali	10	319	13.66 ± 0.22^c	0.03	3.03 ± 0.22

[i] Values represent means ± SE. Means followed by the same letter(s) within the same column are not significantly different (α = 0.05) according to LSD Fisher test.

Table 2

Variability of anthracnose severity (%) on leaves of Q. ilex according to the orientation of twigs

Twig orientation	Bordjem	Tougurt	Chelaâlaâ	Ain Ali
East	20.61 ± 0.39^ab	31.56 ± 0.32^b	21.51 ± 0.35^ab	12.63 ± 0.38^b
West	18.35 ± 0.40^b	26.80 ± 0.34^b	17.53 ± 0.38^b	9.79 ± 0.38^b
North	20.53 ± 0.34^ab	26.64 ± 0.34^b	19.36 ± 0.64^b	13.87 ± 0.51^ab
South	25.79 ± 0.31^a	43.87 ± 0.24^a	26.08 ± 0.28^a	21.60 ± 0.48^a
P	0.0773	<0.0001	0.0075	0.0093

[i] Values represent means ± SE. Means followed by the same letter(s) within the same column are not significantly different (α = 0.05) according to LSD Fisher test.

Table 3

Severity (%) variation of Q. ilex anthracnose according to leaf position on twigs

	Bordjem	Tougurt	Chelaâlaâ	Ain Ali
NAP	20.02 ± 0.22^b	32.93 ± 0.21^a	21.55 ± 0.23^a	14.08 ± 0.28^a
AP	25.43 ± 0.63^a	36.34 ± 0.22^a	22.43 ± 0.25^a	13.07 ± 0.33^a
P	0.0193	0.1347	0.6597	0.6916

[i] Values represent means ± SE. Means followed by the same letter(s) within the same column are not significantly different (α = 0.05) according to LSD Fisher test. NAP: non-apical leaves, AP: apical leaves.

*Apiognomonia errabunda* cultures on MEA medium. (A) AECS3 isolated from Chelaâlaâ. (B) AETS2 isolated from Tougurt. (C) AEBS5 isolated from Brdjem. (D) AEAN6 isolated from Ain Ali

Table 4

Cultural characteristics of the 35 D. quercina isolates on MEA medium

Site	Isolates	Morphotype	Sporulation	Acervuli	(Diam mm)	CUps	CLws	Shape	ConidiaL (μm)	ConidiaW (μm)
Bordjem	DQBS1	M1	S	–	37.00	LB	LB	Circular	9.00	5.00
	DQBS2	M1	S	–	39.33	LB	LB	Circular	11.00	3.00
	DQBS3	M1	S	–	47.00	LB	LB	Circular	9.00	3.00
	DQBS4	M1	S	–	41.67	LB	LB	Circular	10.00	4.00
	DQBS5	M3	S	–	41.00	LB	LB	Circular	9.00	3.00
	DQBS6	M5	S	–	40.00	LB	LB	Circular	6.00	4.00
	DQBN1	M5	NS	–	40.67	LB	LB	Circular	n/a	n/a
Tougurt	DQTS1	M1	S	–	45.67	LB	LB	Circular	7.00	3.00
	DQTS2	M1	S	–	43.33	BG	LG	Circular	8.00	3.00
	DQTS3	M1	S	–	41.67	BG	LG	Circular	6.00	3.00
	DQTN1	M1	NS	–	39.67	LB	LB	Circular	n/a	n/a
	DQTS4 DQTN2	M2 M2	S S	– –	45.33 44.00	LB LB	LB LB	Circular Circular	8.00 7.00	5.00 3.00
	DQTS5	M2	S	–	46.67	LB	LB	Circular	8.00	2.00
	DQTN3	M3	S	–	40.00	LB	LB	Circular	8.00	4.00
	DQTN4	M3	NS	–	41.67	LB	LB	Circular	n/a	n/a
	DQTS6	M5	S	–	47.67	LB	LBCC	Circular	9.00	3.00
Chelaâlaâ	DQCN1	M1	NS	–	41.33	BG	LG	Circular	n/a	n/a
	DQCS1	M3	S	+	43.67	LB	LB	Circular	7.00	4.00
	DQCS2 DQCS3	M4 M5	S S	– –	43.67 43.33	LB BG	LB LG	Circular Circular	9.00 8.00	3.00 4.00
	DQCS4	M5	S	–	42.67	LB	LB	Circular	9.00	3.00
	DQCS5	M5	S	–	39.00	LB	LB	Circular	9.00	4.00
Ain Ali	DQAN1	M1	S	–	33.00	LB	LB	Circular	11.00	3.00
	DQAN2	M1	S	–	42.33	LB	LB	Circular	11.00	4.00
	DQAN3	M4	S	+	43.33	LB	LB	Circular	9.00	3.00
	DQAS1	M1	S	–	35.33	LB	LB	Circular	8.00	4.00
	DQAS2	M1	S	–	45.67	LB	LBCC	Circular	8.00	3.00
	DQAS3 DQAN4	M1 M1	S NS	– –	41.00 41.33	LB LB	LB LB	Circular Circular	9.00 n/a	4.00 n/a
	DQAN5	M1	S	+	49.67	BG	LG	Circular	6.00	3.00
	DQAS4	M2	S	+	50.00	BG	LG	Circular	7.00	3.00
	DQAN6	M2	NS	–	46.00	LB	LB	Circular	n/a	n/a
	DQAS5	M3	S	–	40.00	LB	LB	Circular	7.00	3.00
	DQAS6	M3	S	–	50.67	LB	LB	Circular	7.00	4.00

[i] CSup: colony color in the upper side of Petri dish. CLws: colony color in the lower side of Petri dish. ConidiaL: conidia length. ConidiaW: conidia width. n/a: not-applicable. NS: non-sporulating isolate. S: sporulating isolate. (+) presence. (-) absence. LB: light brown. BG: brownish-gray. LBCC: light brown with gray concentric circles. LG: light gray.

Phylogenetic tree (rDNA ITS) of *A. errabunda* including the two isolates from *Q. ilex* in Belezma National Park. Dendrogram was elaborated implying the Neighbor-Joining method based on the Jukes-Cantor model. The bootstrap tree inferred from 1000 replicates (The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.62132144). Two accessions of *Ophiostoma novo-ulmi* were considered in this tree as out-group taxa

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2021-0002 | Journal eISSN: 2199-5907 | Journal ISSN: 0071-6677

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Language: English

Page range: 10 - 20

Submitted on: Apr 10, 2019

Accepted on: Nov 9, 2020

Published on: Mar 13, 2021

Published by: Forest Research Institute

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

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© 2021 Oussama Ali Bensaci, Riadh Beghami, Kamel Gouaref, published by Forest Research Institute
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 63 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)

First report of Apiognomonia errabunda on Quercus ilex in Algeria

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Table 1

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Table 3

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