References
- Abderrezek L. 2017. Ecological diagnosis and conservation of juniper trees in Juniper Thurifère (juniperus thurifera L.) in the Zana and Nirdi stations (Aurès). Magister's thesis. University Batna: 112–142.
- Abdessemed K. 1981. The Atlas Cedar (Cedrus atlantica Lanetti) in the Aurès and Belezma massifs: Phytosociological study and conservation and management issues: Doctor-Engineer thesis. Faculty of Science and Technology. Saint Jérome, Marseille: 149–199.
- Abdessemed K. 1984. Problems of vegetation formation degradation in the Aurès (Algeria). Part One: Degradation, its origins, and its consequences. Forêt Méditerranéenne, VI, 1: 19–26.
- Aidoud A. 1983. Contribution to the study of steppe ecosystems in southern Oran: biomass, primary productivity, and pastoral applications. Doctoral thesis. University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene. Alger.
- Akpo L.E., Grouzis M., Bada F., Pontanier C.F. 1999. Effect of woody cover on the structure of Sudanese fallow vegetation. Original note. Sécheresse, 10, 4: 253–261.
- Barbero M., Bonin G., Loisel R., Quézel P. 1990. Changes and disturbances of forest ecosystems caused by human activities in the western part of the Mediterranean basin. Vegetation, 87: 151–173.
- Barbero M., Loisel R., Medail F., Quézel P. 2001. Biogeographical significance and biodiversity of Mediterranean basin forests. Bocconea, 13: 11–25.
- Barbero M., Quézel P., Rivas-Martinez S. 1981. Contribution to the study of forest and pre-forest communities in Morocco. Phytocoenologia, 9, 3 : 311–412.
- Bayer E., Buttler K.P., Finkenzeller X., Grau J. 2005. Guide to Mediterranean Flora. Delachaux and Niestlé. Paris.
- Beghami Y. 2013. Study and dynamics of vegetation in the Aurès: Spatio-temporal analysis of forest and mountain flora. Doctoral thesis in agronomic sciences. University Mohamed Khider Biskra.
- Beghami Y., de Bélair G., Véla E. 2007. The plant communities of the cedar forest of the Chelia massif, "Aurès" (Algeria). Proceedings of the GEOFLORE conference. Bulletin of the Association of Lorraine Botanists, 1: 153–159.
- Beghami Y., Kalla M., Vela E., Thinon M., Benmessaoud H. 2013. The Juniper thurifera (Juniperus thurifera L.) in the Aurès, Algeria: General considerations, mapping, ecology, and groups. EcologiaMediterranea, 39, 1: 25–28.
- Belkassir M., Temagoult O. 2001. Study of Livestock Farming and Pastoralism within the Belezma National Park (Juniper thurifera). IUCN Program for North Africa.
- Benabdellah M.A. 2011. Phytosociological analysis of thuja (Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters) and holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia Lam.) communities in the Tlemcen Mountains (Western Algeria). Doctoral thesis. University Tlemcen.
- Benabderrahmane M., Haned A., Kadi-Hanifi H. 2017. Analyse phytosociologique des forêts de genévrier thurifère (Juniperus thurifera) dans le nord de l’Afrique. Ecologia Mediterranea, 43, 2: 67–78.
- Benzécri JP. 1984. Data Analysis: Taxonomy, 1: 635., Correspondence Analysis, 2: 632 Ed. Dunod.
- Bonin G., Romane F. 1996. Holm oak and pubescent oak. History, main associations, current situation. Mediterranean Forest, XVII, 3: 119–128.
- Bouxin G. 2004. Statistical analysis of vegetation data-http://users.skynet.be/Bouxin.Guy/ASDV/ASDV.htm
- Braun-Blanquet J. 1951. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde. 2nd. ed. Springer, Wien.
- Cotterill F.P.D. 1995. Systematics, biological knowledge and environmental conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation, 4: 183–205.
- Daget P., Godron M. 1982. Frequency analysis of species ecology in communities. Paris, Masson.
- Dahmani M. 1984. Contribution to the study of holm oak communities in the Tlemcen Mountains (Western Algeria). Phytosociological and phyto-ecological approach. PhD Thesis, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers.
- Dahmani M. 1997. The green oak in Algeria. Syntaxonomy, phyto-ecology, and dynamics of populations. Doctoral thesis in plant biology, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Alger.
- Dajoz R. 2003. The Carabidae and Tenebrionidae Beetles: Ecology and Biology. Ed. Lavoisier Tec and Doc., London, Paris, New York.
- Danin A., Orshan G. 1990. The distribution of Raunkiaer life forms in Israel in relation to field investigations. Journal of Vegetation Science, 5: 347–354.
- Daoudi I., Farhi K., Si bachir A. 2023. Floristic and phytoecological diversity of Holm Oak Quercus ilex forests in the Belezma Massif Biosphere Reserve, North-East Algeria. Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, 11, 2: 47–48.
- Debazac E-F. 1959.The forest vegetation of the Kroumirie. Ann. E.N.E.F., 16, 2: 1–131.
- Dobignard A., Chatelain C. 2010-2013. Synonymic Index of the Flora of North Africa, Conservatory and Botanical Garden. Geneva.
- Durietz E. 1920. On the Methodological Foundations of Modern. Plant Sociology. Uppsala.
- Escofier B., Pages J. 1998. Simple and multiple factor analyses. Dunod, Paris.
- Floret C., Galan M. J., Le Floc'h E., Romane F. 1990. Dynamics of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) coppices after clear cutting in southern France. Vegetation:99–100.
- Frontier S. 1983. Sampling Strategies in Ecology. Ed. Masson. Paris.
- Garah K. 2020. Response of Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) to recent climate changes in the Aurès region: quantification and spatialization through dendrochronological and geomatic approaches. Doctoral thesis 2020, University of Batna: 2. 52–54.
- Gharzouli R., Djellouli Y. 2005. Floristic diversity of forest and pre-forest formations of the southern massifs of the Babors chain (Djebel Takoucht, Adrar ou Mellal, Tababort, and Babor), Algeria. Journal de la Société Botanique de France, 29: 69–75.
- Gharzouli R., Sail H., Sfaksi N., Mehdi L. 2000. Floristic diversity of the Aurès. Report on the botanical journey in the Aurès (Khenchela). Forest Conservation-Khenchela, 34.
- Gounot M. 1969. Quantitative vegetation study methods. Ed. Mass., Paris.
- Guinochet M. 1973. Phytosociology. Masson, Paris.
- Ikermoud M. 2000. Evaluation of national forest resources. GDF, Algiers.
- Kassambara A., Mundt F. 2020. Extract and Visualize the Results of Multivariate Data Analyses. R package version 1.0.7.
- Larbi R., Meddour S.O., Bouxin G., Meddour R. 2021. Floristic and Phytogeographic Diversity of the Cedar Forest of the Ait Ouabane Mountain Massif (Northeastern Slope of the Djurdjura National Park, Algeria). Lejeunia, Journal of Botany: 224.
- Le Houerou H.N. 1992. An overview of vegetation and land degradation in world arid lands. International Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Land Studies. Texas Technical University, Lubbock: 127–163.
- Lemoine S.C. 1965. Ecology of junipers in Morocco. Moroccan Society of Natural and Physical Sciences, 45: 49–116.
- Linné C. 1753. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum Differentiis Specificis, Nominibus Trivialibus, Synonymis Selectis, Locis Natalibus, Secundum systema sexual digestas. Stockholm: 1200.
- Loisel R., Gamila H. 1993. Translation of the effects of brush clearing on forest and pre-forest ecosystems by a disturbance index. Annals of the Society of Natural Sciences and Archaeology of Toulon and Var, 45: 123–132.
- Maechler M., Rousseeuw P., Struyf A., Hubert M., Hornik K. 2022. Cluster Analysis Basics and Extensions. R package version 2.1.4.
- Magurran A.E. 2004. Measuring biological diversity. Wiley-Blackwell.
- Mbaiyetom H., Tientcheu M.L.A., Ngankam M.T., Wouokoue T.J.B. 2021. Floristic diversity and structure of the woody vegetation in the tree parks of the Sudanian zone of Chad. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 4, 5: 1716–1720.
- Médail F., Diadema K. 2006. Biodiversité végétale méditerranéenne et anthropisation :approches macro et micro-régionales. Annales de Géographie, 651: 618–640.
- Meddour R. 2010. Bioclimatology, phytogeography and phytosociology in Algeria: Example of forest and pre-forest communities in Kabylie djurdjuréenne. Doctoral thesis, Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria: 397.
- Meddour S.O., Derridj A. 2012. Assessment of forest fires in Algeria: Spatiotemporal analysis and risk mapping (period 1985-2010). Sécheresse, 23: 133–141.
- Menasri A. 2014. Study of the floristic diversity of forest ecosystems in the Béni Melloul forest massif (Khenchela). Engineer's Thesis, Department of Agronomy, University of El-Tarf, Algeria: 115–132.
- Miara M.D., Ait-Hammou M., Hadjadj-Aoul S., Rebbas K., Bendif H., Bounar R. 2018. Floristic diversity of forest and pre-forest environments in the western Tell Atlas of Tiaret (N-E Algeria). Review of the Botanical Society of the Northwest, Evaxiana, 4: 201–225.
- Montes N. 1999. Potentialities, dynamics, and management of a wooded formation of (Juniperus Thurifera L.) in Moroccan Atlas: the case of the Azzaden Valley. Doctoral thesis, University of Toulouse Le Mirail; UFR Sciences-Economie-Société Department of Geography-Planning: 10–52.
- Morsli A., Tahar S., Lellouchi M., Titouh K., Amiali M., Benmazhar H., Benslimani N., Khelifi-Slaoui M., Khelifi L. 2015. New advances in the regeneration of Algerian thuriferous juniper (Juniperus thurifera L.) trees. Wulfenia, 22, 6: 429–444.
- Oksanen J., Blanchet F.G., Friendly M., Kindt R., Legendre P., McGlinn D., Minchin P.R., O'Hara R.B., Simpson G.L., Solymos P., Stevens M.H.H., Szoecs E., Wagner H. 2020. Community Ecology Package. R package version 2.5-7.
- Ouhammou A. 1992. The thuriferous forest of the Azzaden basin, a montane forest ecosystem, Proceedings of the First Tree Days, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia: 159..
- Ozenda P. 1954. Observations on the vegetation of a semi-arid region. The Southern Algerian Highlands. Bulletin de la Société d'histoire naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord, 4: 224–244.
- Ozenda P. 1977. Flore du Sahara 2° Ed. CNRS, Paris.
- Quézel P. 1957. Vegetation of the high mountains of North Africa: Attempt at a biogeographical and phytosociological synthesis, P. Lechevalier.
- Quezel P. 1989. Sclerophyllus Quercus forests of the mediterranan area: Ecological and ethological significance Bielefelder Ökologische Beiträge, 4: 1–23.
- Quézel P., Médail F. 2003. Ecology and biogeography of forests in the Mediterranean basin. Paris, Elsevier, collection "Environment" 573.
- Quézel P., Santa S. 1962–1963. New flora of Algeria and southern desert regions. Vol. 2, 1170, Paris.
- Quézel, P. 1999. Plant biodiversity of Mediterranean forests, its possible evolution over the next thirty years. Mediterranean Forest, XX: 3–8.
- R Core Team. 2023. A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL: https://www.R-project.org/.
- Ramade F. 1984. Elements of Ecology: Fundamental Ecology. Ed. McGraw-Hill, Paris: 397–576 .
- Ramade F. 2003. Element of Ecology, Fundamental Ecology, 3 ed: 7–63.
- Rankiaer C. 1934. Biological types with reference to the adaptation of plants to survive the unfavourable season. [in:] Raunkiaer: 1–2.
- Rivas-Martinez S. 1975. The vegetation of the Querceteailicis class in Spain and Portugal. Anales del Instituto Botánico A.J. Cavanilles, 31, 2: 205–235.
- Schoenenberger A. 1972. Geobotanical Presentation of the Aurès Massif (Algeria). Minutes of the monthly meetings of the Society of Natural and Physical Sciences of Morocco, 38: 68–77.
- Slimani H., Aidoud A., Roze F. 2010. 30 years of protection and monitoring of a steppic rangeland undergoing desertification. Arid Environments Journal, 74, 6: 685–691.
- Taibaoui B., Douaoui A., Bouxin G. 2020. Floristic Diversity of the Southern Algiers Steppe: Case of the Djelfa Region (Algeria). Review of Botany, Lejeunia, 203: 5–28.
- Traoré L., Ouedraogo I., Ouedraogo A., Thiombiano A. 2011. Perceptions, uses, and vulnerability of woody plant resources in the Southwest of Burkina Faso. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 5, 1: 258–278.
- Ward J.H. 1963. Hierachical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58: 238–244.
- Wouokoué, T. J. B. 2018. Phytosociology of the Bambouto and Mbapit mountains; allometric equations for estimating the above-ground biomass of woody plants in savannahs. Doctoral thesis, University of Dschang (Cameroon): 212–214.