Abstract
Throughout the period 1990–2021, the activity of radiocaesium was measured using gamma spectrometry (using a HPGe detector) in sporocarps of 101 species of wild mushrooms and soil samples from localities in the Vyshhorod district of the Kyiv region, outside the Chernobyl exclusion zone. Especially high levels of radiocaesium activity were noted in the case of mycosymbiotrophs from the familie Cortinariaceae, Bankeraceae (S. imbricatus), Tricholomataceae (T. equestre, T. fulvum, A. clavipes), Russulaceae (Lactarius spp.), Boletaceae (I. badia, Suillus spp.), and Paxillaceae (P. involutus). According to the value of the calculated potential annual effective dose (contribution of 137Cs only) for the period 2020–2021, the most popular edible species of mushrooms of the residents of Ukrainian Polissya can be presented in the following sequence: B. edulis < C. cibarius < Xerocomu spp. < C. caperatus < T. equestre < Suillus spp. (up to 0.054 mSv) < I. badia (up to 0.070 mSv), which indicates a relatively low dose as a result of consuming wild mushrooms. However, considering that half of the mushroom samples exceed the permissible levels adopted in Ukraine (2500 Bq/kg dry mass), the extremely high level of variability of radioecological data and the heterogeneity of radioactive contamination of these territories, during mass gathering and harvesting of wild mushrooms, even in territories with pollution < 37 kBq/m2, mandatory radiation control is recommended.