References
- Assemian E.A., Kouame F.K., Djagoua E.V., Affian K., Jourda J.P.R., Adja M., Lasm T., Biemi J. 2013. Étude de l’impact des variabilités climatiques sur les ressources hydriques d’un milieu tropical humide. Revue Des Sciences de l’Eau, 26, 3: 247.10.7202/1018789ar
- Barnier J., Briatte F., Larmarange J. 2017. Questionr: Functions to make surveys processing easier. R package version 0.6.1. Cran. Available at http://cran.r-project.org/package=questionr
- Bigot S., Brou T.Y., Oszwald J., Diedhiou A. 2005. Facteurs de la variabilité pluviométrique en Côte d’Ivoire et relations avec certaines modifications environnementales. Sécheresse, 16, 1: 5–13.
- BNETD. 2016. Réalisation d’une étude sur: identification, analyse et cartographie des causes de la déforestation et de la dégradation des forêts en Côte d’Ivoire. Bureau National d’Etudes Techniques et de Développement (BNETD).
- Boissière M., Locatelli B., Sheil D., Padmanaba M., Sadjudin E. 2013. Local perceptions of climate variability and change in tropical forests of Papua, Indonesia. Ecology and Society, 18, 4: art13.10.5751/ES-05822-180413
- Bomuhangi A., Nabanoga G., Namaalwa J.J., Jacobson M.G., Abwoli B., Wich S. 2016. Local communities’ perceptions of climate variability in the Mt. Elgon region, eastern Uganda. Cogent Environmental Science, 2, 1: 1168276.10.1080/23311843.2016.1168276
- Brunelle T., Dumas P., Souty F., Dorin B., Nadaud F. 2015. Evaluating the impact of rising fertilizer prices on crop yields. Agricultural Economics, 46, 5: 653–666.10.1111/agec.12161
- Bunn C., Fernandez-Kolb P., Lundy M. 2019. Climate Smart Cocoa in Côte d’Ivoire: Towards climate resilient production at scale (CCAFS Info Note). CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).
- Chauveau J.-P. 2000. The land tenure question in Côte d’Ivoire: A lesson in history. International Institute for Environment and Development.
- Chretien J.P., Anyamba A., Small J., Britch S., Sanchez J.L., Halbach A.C., Tucker C., Linthicum K.J. 2015. Global climate anomalies and potential infectious disease risks: 2014-2015. PLoS Currents Outbreaks, 7.10.1371/currents.outbreaks.95fbc4a8fb4695e049baabfc2fc8289f
- Codjoe F.N.Y., Ocansey C.K., Boateng D.O., Ofori J. 2013. Climate Change Awareness and Coping Strategies of Cocoa Farmers in Rural Ghana. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 3, 11: 19–29.
- Collins J.M. 2011. Temperature variability over Africa. Journal of Climate, 24, 14: 3649–3666.10.1175/2011JCLI3753.1
- Conseil Café-Cacao. 2014. Programme Quantite-Qualite-Croissance « 2QC » 2014-2023. Le Conseil Café-Cacao.
- Conseil Café-Cacao. 2017. Programme national d’intensification de la lutte contre la maladie du swollen shoot document de programme actualisé Conseil Café Cacao.
- CPCS. 1967. Classification des Sols. Commission de Pédologie et de Cartographie des Sols (CPCS). Available at https://edepot.wur.nl/481544
- De Longueville F., Ozer P., Gemenne F., Henry S., Mertz O., Nielsen J.Ø. 2020. Comparing climate change perceptions and meteorological data in rural West Africa to improve the understanding of household decisions to migrate. Climatic Change, 160: 123–141.10.1007/s10584-020-02704-7
- Doumbia, S., & Depieu, M. 2013. Perception paysanne du changement climatique et stratégies d’adaptation en riziculture pluviale dans le Centre Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 64, 1: 4822.10.4314/jab.v64i1.88470
- DSDI. 2016. Recensement des Exploitants et Exploitations Agricoles REEA 2015-2016: Synthese des resultats du REEA. Ministère de l’Agriculture et du Développement Rural.
- FAO, ICRISAT, CIAT. 2018. Climate-Smart Agriculture in Côte d’Ivoire (CSA Country Profiles for Africa Series). International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT); International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Available at https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/97616/ca1322en.pdf
- FAO, SEP-REDD+. 2017. Données forestières de base pour la REDD+ en Côte d’Ivoire : Cartographie de la dynamique forestière de 1986 à 2015. FAO. Available at http://www.fao.org/3/a-i8047f.pdf
- Foguesatto C.R., Artuzo F.D., Talamini E., Machado J.A.D. 2020. Understanding the divergences between farmer’s perception and meteorological records regarding climate change: a review. Environment. Development and Sustainability, 22, 1: 1–16.10.1007/s10668-018-0193-0
- Gerber N., Nkonya E., von Braun J. 2014. Land Degradation, Poverty and Marginality. [in:] von Braun J., Gatzweiler F. (eds) Marginality. Springer, Dordrecht: 181–202.10.1007/978-94-007-7061-4_12
- Goula B.T.A., Savané I., Fadika V., Konan B., Kouadio G.B. 2006. Impact de la variabilité climatique sur les ressources hydriques des bassins du N’Zo et N’Zi en Côte d’Ivoire (Afrique Tropicale Humide). VertigO, 7, 1: 1–12.10.4000/vertigo.2038
- Goula, B. T. A., Soro, E. G., Kouassi, W., & Srohourou, B. 2012. Tendances et ruptures au niveau des pluies journalières extrêmes en Côte d’Ivoire (Afrique de l’Ouest). Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57, 6: 1067–1080.10.1080/02626667.2012.692880
- Guillaumet J. 1971. La végétation de la Côte d’Ivoire. [in:] Avenard J.-M., Eldin M., Girard G., Touchebeuf P., Guillaumet J.-L., Adjanohoun E., Perraud A. (eds.) Le milieu naturel de la Côte d’Ivoire (50th ed.). ORSTOM. Paris: 157–263.
- Hartung C., Lerer A., Anokwa Y., Tseng C., Brunette W., Borriello G. 2010. Open data kit: tools to build information services for developing regions. Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development - ICTD ’10, 1–12.10.1145/2369220.2369236
- INS. 2014. Recensement Général de la Population et de l’Habitat (RGPH) de 2014. Institut National de la Statistique. Available at http://www.ins.ci/n/templates/docss/RGPH2014D.pdf
- IPCC. 2022. Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (H.-O. Pörtner, D. C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E. S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, & B. Rama (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Kanohin F.O., Saley M.B., Aké G.E., Savané I. 2012. Variabilité climatique et productions de café et cacao en zone tropicale humide: cas de la région de Daoukro (Centreest de la Côte d’Ivoire). International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 1, 2: 194–215.
- Kassin K.E., Koko L., Kouadio E.N., Yao-Kouame A., René Yoro G. 2012. Sols favorables à la cacaoculture au centre-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire dans un contexte d’assèchement climatique. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 6, 3: 1148–1157.10.4314/ijbcs.v6i3.20
- Kendall M. 1970. Rank correlation methods (4th ed.). Charles Griffin.
- Koffi S.Y., Oura K.R. 2019. Les facteurs de l’adoption de l’anacarde dans le bassin cotonnier de Côte d’Ivoire. Cahiers Agricultures, 28, 24.10.1051/cagri/2019025
- Koko K.L., Kassin E.K., Assiri A.A., Yoro G., Ngoran K., Snoeck D. 2011. Fertilisation minérale du cacaoyer (Theobroma cacao L.) en Côte d’Ivoire : acquis vulgarisables et perspectives de recherche. Agronomie Africaine, 23, 3: 217–225.
- Koko K.L., Snoeck D., Lekadou T.T., Assiri A.A. 2013. Cacao-fruit tree intercropping effects on cocoa yield, plant vigour and light interception in Côte d’Ivoire. Agroforestry Systems, 87, 5: 1043–1052.10.1007/s10457-013-9619-8
- Kosmowski F., Leblois A., Sultan B. 2016. Perceptions of recent rainfall changes in Niger: a comparison between climate-sensitive and non-climate sensitive households. Climatic Change, 135, 2: 227–241.10.1007/s10584-015-1562-4
- Kouadio S.G., Tienebo E.-O., Kouadio K.T., Kouamé K.B.J., Koko L., Abo K. 2017. Foliar Application of Boron during Flowering Promotes Tolerance to Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Swollen Shoot Viral Disease. European Scientific Journal, 13, 21: 387.10.19044/esj.2017.v13n21p387
- Kouassi A.M., Kouamé K.F., Koffi Y.B., Dje K.B., Paturel J.E., Oulare S. 2010. Analyse de la variabilité climatique et de ses influences sur les régimes pluviométriques saisonniers en Afrique de l’ouest: Cas du bassin versant du N’zi (Bandama) en Côte d’Ivoire. Cybergeo: European Journal of Geography: 513.10.4000/cybergeo.23388
- Kouassi J.-L., Gyau A., Diby L., Bene Y., Kouamé C. 2021a. Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Change and Farmers’ Perceptions of Deforestation and Land Degradation in South-West Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa. Land, 10, 4: 429. Kouassi J.-L., Kouassi A., Bene Y., Konan D., Tondoh E.J.,10.3390/land10040429
- Kouame C. 2021b. Exploring Barriers to Agroforestry Adoption by Cocoa Farmers in South-Western Côte d’Ivoire. Sustainability, 13, 23: 13075.10.3390/su132313075
- Kouassi J.-L., Wandan N., Mbow C. 2018. Assessing the Impact of Climate Variability on Wildfires in the N’Zi River Watershed in Central Côte d’Ivoire. Fire, 1, 3: 36.10.3390/fire1030036
- Kouassi J.-L., Wandan N., Mbow C. 2022. Exploring Wildfire Occurrence: Local Farmers’ Perceptions and Adaptation Strategies in Central Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 41, 2: 173–192.10.1080/10549811.2020.1845744
- Läderach P., Martinez-Valle A., Schroth G., Castro N. 2013. Predicting the future climatic suitability for cocoa farming of the world’s leading producer countries, Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire. Climatic Change, 119, 3–4: 841–854.10.1007/s10584-013-0774-8
- Lean J.L., Rind D.H. 2009. How will Earth’s surface temperature change in future decades? Geophysical Research Letters, 36, 15: L15708.10.1029/2009GL038932
- Lu R. 2005. Impact of Atlantic sea surface temperatures on the warmest global surface air temperature of 1998. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, D5: D05103.10.1029/2004JD005203
- Mann H.B. 1945. Nonparametric tests against trend. Econometrica, 13, 3: 245.10.2307/1907187
- Mbow C., Smith P., Skole D., Duguma L., Bustamante M. 2014. Achieving mitigation and adaptation to climate change through sustainable agroforestry practices in Africa. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 6: 8–14.10.1016/j.cosust.2013.09.002
- Mertz O., Mbow C., Reenberg A., Genesio L., Lambin E.F., D’haen S., Zorom M., Rasmussen K., Diallo D., Barbier B., Moussa I.B., Diouf A., Nielsen J., Sandholt I. 2011. Adaptation strategies and climate vulnerability in the Sudano-Sahelian region of West Africa. Atmospheric Science Letters, 12, 1: 104–108.10.1002/asl.314
- Moore S.M., Azman A.S., Zaitchik B.F., Mintz E.D., Brunkard J., Legros D., Hill A., McKay H., Luquero F.J., Olson D., Lessler J. 2017. El Niño and the shifting geography of cholera in Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114, 17: 4436–4441.10.1073/pnas.1617218114
- National Centers for Environmental Information. 2017. Global Surface Summary of the Day - GSOD. Global Surface Summary of the Day - GSOD.
- Nicholson S.E., Fink A.H., Funk C. 2018. Assessing recovery and change in West Africa’s rainfall regime from a 161-year record. International Journal of Climatology, 38, 10: 3770–3786.10.1002/joc.5530
- Nicholson S.E., Funk C., Fink A.H. 2018. Rainfall over the African continent from the 19th through the 21st century. Global and Planetary Change, 165: 114–127.10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.12.014
- Null J. 2018. El Niño and La Niña years and intensities based on Oceanic Niño Index (ONI). Golden Gate Weather Services. Available at https://ggweather.com/enso/oni.htm
- OMS, OMM, PNUE. 2004. Changement climatique et santé humaine – Risques et mesures à prendre. Resumé. Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS).
- Peltre P. 1977. Héritage géomorphologique et paléoclimatique dans le tracé du contact Forêt-Savane. ORSTOM. Paris. Available at http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exldoc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_6/Tra_d_cm/09307.pdf
- Pohlert T. 2015. Non-parametric trend tests and change-point detection. Technical Report.
- R Core Team. 2019. R: A language and environment for statistical computing (3.6.0). R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
- Roncoli C. 2006. Ethnographic and participatory approaches to research on farmers’ responses to climate predictions. Climate Research: 33, 81–99.10.3354/cr033081
- Ross K.C., Clark L.D., Padgett T.C., Renckly T.R. 2006. Air University Sampling and Surveying Handbook: Guidelines for Planning, Organizing, and Conducting Surveys. University Press of the Pacific.
- Ruf F.O., Kone S., Bebo B. 2019. Le boom de l’anacarde en Côte d’Ivoire : transition écologique et sociale des systèmes à base de coton et de cacao. Cahiers Agricultures, 28, 21.10.1051/cagri/2019019
- Sarachik E.S., Cane M.A. 2010. The El Nino - Southern Oscillation Phenomenon. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.10.1017/CBO9780511817496
- Seiler R.A., Hayes M., Bressan L. 2002. Using the standardized precipitation index for flood risk monitoring. International Journal of Climatology, 22, 11: 1365–1376.10.1002/joc.799
- Sen P.K. 1968. Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall’s tau. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 63, 324: 1379–1389.10.1080/01621459.1968.10480934
- Snoeck D., Koko L., Joffre J., Bastie P., Jargoret P. 2012. Cacao nutrition and fertilization. [in:] E. Lichtfouse (ed.) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews (Vol. 11). Springer International Publishing: 1–29.
- Ta S., Kouadio K.Y., Ali K.E., Toualy E., Aman A., Yoroba F. 2016. West Africa Extreme Rainfall Events and Large-Scale Ocean Surface and Atmospheric Conditions in the Tropical Atlantic. Advances in Meteorology, 2016: 1–14.10.1155/2016/1940456
- Wood G.A.R., Lass R.A. 2001. Cocoa. [in:] Tropical Agriculture Series (4th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.10.1002/9780470698983
- Yamba S., Appiah D.O., Siaw L.P. 2019. Smallholder farmers’ perceptions and adaptive response to climate variability and climate change in southern rural Ghana. Cogent Social Sciences, 5, 1: 1646626.10.1080/23311886.2019.1646626
- Yao N.R., Oule A.F., N’Goran K.D. 2012. Etude de vulnérabilité du secteur agricole face aux changements climatiques en Côte d’Ivoire. MINEDD - PNUD.
- Yao T.B., Akindès F., Bigot S. 2005. La variabilité climatique en Côte d’Ivoire: entre perceptions sociales et réponses agricoles. Cahiers Agricultures, 14, 6: 533–540.
- Yéo W. E., Goula B.T.A., Diekkrüger B., Afouda A. 2016. Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in the Comoe River Basin (West Africa). SpringerPlus, 5, 1: 847.10.1186/s40064-016-2491-z