Do Turkish physicians support euthanasia / death tourism?

Akın, Aliye; Mutlu, Hakan Tahiri

doi:10.2478/ejthr-2025-0002

Figures & Tables

Examining the difference in attitudes towards euthanasia tourism according to income level_

	Income Level	N	X¯ {\boldsymbol{\bar X}}	SD	Sig.	Source of the Difference
Euthanasia General Attitude	20,001 ₺–30,000 ₺^a	64	3.2288	.90498	0.000	b>a (p=0.002) c>a (p=0.000) c>b (p=0.036)
	30,001 ₺–40,000 ₺^b	55	3.6754	.84945
	40,001 ₺ and more^c	305	3.9314	.62358

Perception of Euthanasia	20,001 ₺–30,000 ₺^a	64	3.2136	1.11464	0.000	b>a (p=0.046) c>a (p=0.000) c>b (p=0.034)
	30,001 ₺–40,000 ₺^b	55	3.6095	1.14192
	40,001 ₺ and more^c	305	3.9403	.79793

Euthanasia Prediction	20,001 ₺–30,000 ₺^a	64	3.0532	.96255	0.000	b>a (p=0.000) c>a (p=0.000)
	30,001 ₺–40,000 ₺^b	55	3.6345	.82890
	40,001 ₺ and more^c	305	3.8517	.63151

Social Values	20,001 ₺–30,000 ₺^a	64	3.8802	.83014	0.003	c>a (p=0.002)
	30,001 ₺–40,000 ₺^b	55	4.0970	.57260
	40,001 ₺ and more^c	305	4.1585	.53121

Examining the differences in attitude towards euthanasia tourism according to one’s position within the institution_

	Position in the Institution	N	X¯ {\boldsymbol{\bar X}}	SD	Sig.	Source of the Difference
Euthanasia General Attitude	Faculty Member^a	168	3.8974	.69763	0.000	a>c (p=0.001) b>c (p=0.003)
	Specialist Physician^b	125	3.8761	.65563
	Resident Physician^c	131	3.5770	.84290

Perception of Euthanasia	Faculty Member^a	168	3.9128	.88647	0.001	a>c (p=0.001) b>c (p=0.005)
	Specialist Physician^b	125	3.8903	.83970
	Resident Physician^c	131	3.5294	1.04083

Euthanasia Prediction	Faculty Member^a	168	3.8246	.71095	0.001	a>c (p=0.001) b>c (p=0.018)
	Specialist Physician^b	125	3.7558	.67405
	Resident Physician^c	131	3.4968	.88397

Examining the variation in attitudes towards euthanasia tourism based on work experience_

	Work Experience	N	X¯ {\boldsymbol{\bar X}}	SD	Sig.	Source of the Difference
Euthanasia General Attitude	0–10 years^a	157	3.6852	.79464	0.020	b>a (p=0.014)
	11–20 years^b	114	3.9417	.55793
	21 and more	153	3.7905	.80181

Perception of Euthanasia	0–10 years^a	157	3.6268	1.01389	0.009	b>a (p=0.007)
	11–20 years^b	114	3.9764	.67017
	21 and more	153	3.8123	1.00280

The examination of the differences in attitudes towards euthanasia tourism according to the clinic where the physicians work_

	Working Clinic	N	X¯ {\boldsymbol{\bar X}}	SD	Sig.	Source of the Difference
Euthanasia General Attitude	Emergency Department^a	85	3.83	.662	0.000	a>e (p=0.000) b>e (p=0.000) c>b (p=0.001) c>e (p=0.000) d>b (p=0.005) d>e (p=0.000)
	Internal Medicine Department^b	89	3.59	.930
	Surgical Department^c	152	3.97	.565
	Intensive Care^d	67	3.98	.549
	Other^e	31	2.97	.864

Perception of Euthanasia	Emergency Department^a	85	3.82	.837	0.000	a>e (p=0.000) b>e (p=0.004) c>b (p=0.000) c>e (p=0.000) d>b (p=0.003) d>e (p=0.000)
	Internal Medicine Department^b	89	3.51	1.210
	Surgical Department^c	152	4.01	.693
	Intensive Care^d	67	4.03	.647
	Other^e	31	2.86	1.146

Euthanasia Prediction	Emergency Department^a	85	3.74	.633	0.000	a>e (p=0.000) b>e (p=0.000) c>b (p=0.003) c>e (p=0.000) d>b (p=0.036) d>e (p=0.000)
	Internal Medicine Department^b	89	3.54	.883
	Surgical Department^c	152	3.89	.638
	Intensive Care^d	67	3.87	.624
	Other^e	31	2.84	.978

The average scores of Turkish physicians’ attitudes towards euthanasia tourism_

		X¯ {\boldsymbol{\bar X}}	SD
Perception of Euthanasia	1. Just as individuals are given the right to live, in some cases, the right to die should also be granted	3.92	1.15
	2. I support euthanasia	3.79	1.18
	3. If I were to be diagnosed with an incurable terminal illness, I would like to have euthanasia applied to myself.	3.59	1.22
	4. Granting the right to die to individuals with incurable illnesses instead of making them suffer is an ethical situation	3.87	1.14
	5. I support euthanasia tourism	3.69	1.21
	6. Euthanasia is equivalent to murder.	1.63	1.05
	7. Euthanasia should not be an alternative for incurable diseases.	2.32	1.19
	8. Euthanasia is equivalent to suicide.	1.82	1.18
	9. I support the euthanasia requests of our country’s citizens.	3.73	1.12
	10. I support the euthanasia requests of foreign tourists.	3.81	1.14
	11. If euthanasia tourism were legal in Turkey, I would fulfil the requests of individuals who want to undergo euthanasia within the framework of legal requirements	3.76	1.18
	12. Euthanasia may become legal in Turkey in the next 10 years	3.00	1.22
	13.Since euthanasia is legal in only a limited number of countries, there may be a travel mobility to regions where euthanasia is legal worldwide.	3.85	.97
Euthanasia Prediction	Dimension of the Perception of Euthanasia: 3,29±0,64
	14. Travel made within the scope of euthanasia increases tourism revenues	3.87	1.12
	15. Euthanasia tourism can be seen as a stage of medical tourism	3.74	1.11
	16. If euthanasia were legal, there would be an increase in travel demand to Turkey for this purpose	3.98	.97
	17. Euthanasia can be seen as a solution instead of palliative care	3.75	1.14
	18. If euthanasia tourism becomes legal, I will perform voluntary euthanasia	3.62	1.22
	19. If euthanasia tourism is legalised, I will perform the non-volunteer (decision taken based on the request of the first-degree relatives of the patient without consulting the patient) type of euthanasia.	3.11	1.12
	20. If euthanasia were legal in Turkey, the number of for-profit healthcare institutions would increase	3.97	.89
	21. If euthanasia were legal in Turkey, healthcare workers would have the psychological competence for euthanasia.	2.96	1.02
	22. If euthanasia were legal in Turkey, hospitals would have the necessary equipment for euthanasia	3.63	.95
	23. An individual requesting euthanasia must undergo psychological tests	4.40	.83
Social Values	The Dimension of Euthanasia Prediction: 3,70±0,77
	24. Culture is effective in the fact that euthanasia is not legal in our country.	3.95	.75
	25. Lifestyle is effective in making euthanasia legal in our country.	3.77	.78
	26. Religion is effective in the fact that euthanasia is not legal in our country.	4.61	.83
	Dimension of Social Values:4.11±0,60
	Euthanasia General: 3.54±0,60

Examination of the difference in attitude towards euthanasia tourism according to age_

	Age	N	X¯ {\boldsymbol{\bar X}}	SD	Sig.	Source of the Difference
Euthanasia General Attitude	22–39^a	163	3.6468	.84554	0.000	c>a (p=0.000) c>b (p=0.035)
	40–59^b	157	3.7908	.71815
	60 and more^c	104	4.0220	.54446

Perception of Euthanasia	22–39^a	163	3.5919	1.08194	0.000	c>a (p=0.000) c>b (p=0.015)
	40–59^b	157	3.7803	.90090
	60 and more^c	104	4.1057	.61664

Euthanasia Prediction	22–39^a	163	3.5692	.82615	0.003	c>a (p=0.002)
	40–59^b	157	3.7111	.77853
	60 and more^c	104	3.9006	.61235

Examining the differences in attitude towards euthanasia tourism based on gender, marital status, and education level_

	Gender, Marital Status and Education Level	N	X¯ {\boldsymbol{\bar X}}	SD	Sig.
Euthanasia General Attitud	Male	223	3.8447	.74959	0.127
	Female	201	3.7339	.74064	0.127
	Married	266	3.7683	.78680	0.395
	Single	158	3.8322	.67387	0.395
	Bachelor’s Degree	186	3.6810	.76963	0.007
	Ph.D./Medical Specialisation	238	3.8790	.71768	0.007

Perception of Euthanasia	Male	223	3.8569	.94159	0.110
	Female	201	3.7110	.93036	0.110
	Married	266	3.7589	1.00575	0.413
	Single	158	3.8361	.81208	0.413
	Bachelor’s Degree	186	3.6619	.92756	0.014
	Ph.D./Medical Specialisation	238	3.8860	.93631	0.014

Euthanasia Prediction	Male	223	3.7463	.75941	0.223
	Female	201	3.6550	.78046	0.223
	Married	266	3.6814	.80557	0.453
	Single	158	3.7395	.70678	0.453
	Bachelor’s Degree	186	3.5794	.83677	0.004
	Ph.D./Medical Specialisation	238	3.7997	.70001	0.004

Social Values	Male	223	4.1196	.67313	0.688
	Female	201	4.0962	.50181	0.688
	Married	266	4.0990	.58833	0.672
	Single	158	4.1245	.61416	0.672
	Bachelor’s Degree	186	4.1022	.63033	0.847
	Ph.D./Medical Specialisation	238	4.1134	.57182	0.847

Do Turkish physicians support euthanasia / death tourism?

Figures & Tables

Examining the difference in attitudes towards euthanasia tourism according to income level_

Examining the differences in attitude towards euthanasia tourism according to one’s position within the institution_

Examining the variation in attitudes towards euthanasia tourism based on work experience_

The examination of the differences in attitudes towards euthanasia tourism according to the clinic where the physicians work_

The average scores of Turkish physicians’ attitudes towards euthanasia tourism_

Examination of the difference in attitude towards euthanasia tourism according to age_

Examining the differences in attitude towards euthanasia tourism based on gender, marital status, and education level_

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