Table 1:
Means of the tourism effects
| Effects | n | X̄ | s | Overall mean ± s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic | 3.58±0.550 | |||
| Create jobs for residents | 203 | 3.88 | 1.062 | |
| Increase in prices of goods and services* | 203 | 3.21 | 1.115 | |
| Gives more visibility to the destination, attracting more tourists | 203 | 4.06 | 1.037 | |
| Job vacancies are occupied by people who did not previously reside in the destination | 201 | 2.61 | 0.953 | |
| Opportunities for local businesses | 203 | 3.82 | 1.054 | |
| Increases the residents’ income | 199 | 3.55 | 1.047 | |
| Sociocultural | 3.51±0.427 | |||
| Increase crime rates* | 203 | 2.33 | 1.013 | |
| Encourages residents to be more culturally active | 203 | 3.68 | 0.820 | |
| Promotes contact with different cultures | 200 | 4.00 | 0.927 | |
| Limits residents’ access to leisure sites* | 202 | 2.42 | 1.044 | |
| Encourages local culture and handicrafts | 200 | 3.92 | 0.950 | |
| The quality of services is better | 203 | 3.46 | 1.105 | |
| Local people change their behaviour to mimic the tourists | 203 | 2.61 | 1.016 | |
| Increase the stress* | 201 | 2.75 | 1.058 | |
| More public investment in the cultural sector | 201 | 3.63 | 1.017 | |
| Increases traffic* | 199 | 3.43 | 1.037 | |
| Parking is difficult* | 201 | 3.34 | 1.116 | |
| Increase cultural offers | 200 | 3.75 | 0.930 | |
| Improve infrastructure and local facilities | 199 | 3.71 | 0.956 | |
| Increases public security * | 201 | 3.26 | 0.946 | |
| Increases the number of people circulating through shops, restaurants, hotels, and services | 202 | 3.96 | 0.979 | |
| Increases the sense of pride of the residents | 202 | 3.79 | 0.987 | |
| It is more difficult to preserve local values, customs, and traditions* | 200 | 2.58 | 1.034 | |
| Conflicts between tourists and residents* | 197 | 2.45 | 0.971 | |
| Environmental | 3.34±0.576 | |||
| Generates excessive noise* | 201 | 2.66 | 1.033 | |
| Increase in air and water pollution* | 200 | 2.74 | 1.030 | |
| Provides consciousness for the preservation of natural areas | 200 | 3.46 | 0.923 | |
| Increase in rubbish* | 202 | 3.00 | 1.060 | |
| Decreased water supply * | 200 | 2.63 | 0.916 | |
| Infrastructure and visits to natural areas are improved | 201 | 3.63 | 0.935 | |
| Global effects | 3.47±0.420 |
Table 2:
Means of the tourism effects
| Positive | s | Negative | S | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic effects | 3.82 | 0.897 | 2.91 | 0.801 |
| Sociocultural effects | 3.71 | 0.747 | 2.74 | 0.728 |
| Environmental effects | 3.54 | 0.827 | 2.76 | 0.836 |
| Global effects | 3.69 | 0.722 | 2.80 | 0.647 |
Table 3:
t-student test: Differences between perceptions between residents who work in tourism and residents who do not/were not.
| Effects | Tourism relation | n | X̄ | s | p-value (Levene’s Test) | p-value (t-student) | Hypothesis results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic | Yes | 42 | 3.70 | 0.581 | 0.913 | 0.117 | No validated |
| No | 161 | 3.55 | 0.54 | ||||
| Sociocultural | Yes | 42 | 3,.5 | 0.452 | 0.615 | 0.513 | No validated |
| No | 161 | 3.5 | 0.421 | ||||
| Environmental | Yes | 41 | 3.37 | 0.611 | 0.972 | 0.736 | No validated |
| No | 161 | 3.33 | 0.569 | ||||
| Global | Yes | 41 | 3.54 | 0.438 | 0.704 | 0.288 | No validated |
| No | 161 | 3.46 | 0.416 | 0.913 | 0.117 | No validated |