Figure 1:
Methodology
Source: Own elaboration.
Figure 2:
Number of papers obtained per criteria
Source: Own elaboration.
Figure 3:
Number of publications per year
Source: Own elaboration.
Figure 4:
Countries of origin per number of publications
Source: Own elaboration.
Figure 5:
Clusters of different co-authorship links betwe en authors
Source: VOSviewer.
Figure 6:
The cluster with the most links of co-authorship
Source: VOSviewer.
Figure 7:
Average year of publication per co-authorship cluster
Source: VOSviewer.
Figure 8:
Clusters of Keyword Co-occurrences
Source: VOSviewer.
Figure 9:
Clusters with keywords with 3 or more co-occurrences
Source: VOSviewer.
Figure 10:
Links between keywords from Cluster 5 and the remaining clusters
Source: VOSviewer.
Table 1:
Cluster analysis
| Cluster | Keywords | Analysis | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cluster 1 |
| Tourism plays an important role in the world’s economic growth and must also play a key role in climate change, by decreasing its CO2 emissions and reducing its negative impact, focusing especially on the type of energy consumption. Tourism must guarantee its growth is based on sustainable development and should consider greener forms of tourism such as ecotourism. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the resilience of the sector and that many tourist destinations have been affected by overtourism. | (Alola et al., 2019; Azam et al., 2018; Comerio & Strozzi, 2019; Gannon et al., 2021; Geng et al., 2020; Gössling & Hall, 2019; Paramati et al., 2017; Rasoolimanesh et al., 2019; Rej et al., 2022; Rico et al., 2019; Sharpley, 2020; Talwar et al., 2020; Vuille et al., 2018; Xuefeng et al., 2022) |
| Cluster 2 |
| Governance plays a key role in developing policies focused on sustainability. The industry has faced different challenges in the past and proved to be a resilient sector and a booster to the economy. However, bigger challenges have not been yet overcome such as gender inequality and overtourism. Future management frameworks must include attitudes supporting the current challenges tourism faces. | (Alarcón & Cole, 2019; Fletcher et al., 2019; Gonzalez et al., 2018; Hall et al., 2020; Koens et al., 2018, 2021; Li et al., 2022; Oklevik et al., 2019; Robinson et al., 2019; Sobaih et al., 2021) |
| Cluster 3 |
| Sustainable tourism management must take into consideration other systems that might be secondary in relation to the tourism activity. A greener form of tourism, like ecotourism, plays an active role in guaranteeing the conservation of a destination and its resources. | (Borja et al., 2020; Büscher & Fletcher, 2019; Filimonau & De Coteau, 2019; Gentry et al., 2020; Grilli et al., 2021; Higgins-Desbiolles, 2018; Khanra et al., 2021; Kleitou et al., 2021; Niewiadomski, 2020; Rotter et al., 2021; Spalding et al., 2017) |
| Cluster 4 |
| The COVID-19 pandemic affected the world of travel. Now, individuals must be even more conscious of their actions and impact. | (Cheer, 2020; de Kervenoael et al., 2020; Galvani et al., 2020; Han, 2021; Higgins-Desbiolles, 2020b, 2020a; Ioannides & Gyimothy, 2020; Romagosa, 2020; Sharma et al., 2021) |
| Cluster 5 |
| Reveals the importance of establishing a management framework in recovering from COVID-19 based of real attitudes and sustainable and planned behaviour to obtain more sustainable tourism without compromising service quality and satisfaction. | (Boluk et al., 2019; Dolnicar et al., 2019; Pizzi et al., 2020; Ramkissoon, 2020.; Tussyadiah, 2020; Xiang et al., 2021) |
Table 2:
Themes of the top 5 highly cited papers.
| Title | Author | Year | Theme |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pandemics, transformations and tourism: be careful what you wish for | Hall et al. | 2020 | Pandemics and Crisis Management |
| Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after COVID-19 | Higgins-Desbiolles | 2020 | COVID-19 for social and ecological justice |
| Dynamic impact of trade policy, economic growth, fertility rate, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint in Europe | Alola et al. | 2019 | Energy Consumption |
| Is Overtourism Overused? Understanding the Impact of Tourism in a City Context | Koens et al. | 2018 | Overtourism |
| The Effects of Tourism on Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions: A Comparison between Developed and Developing Economies | Paramati et al. | 2017 | Economic Growth |