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Aquinas at 800 – Papers from the 2024 Notre Dame Conference: The Fittingness of Including Animals in the Glorified Universe Cover

Aquinas at 800 – Papers from the 2024 Notre Dame Conference: The Fittingness of Including Animals in the Glorified Universe

Open Access
|Dec 2025

Abstract

In this paper, I examine Aquinas’s arguments for the absence of animals in the glorified universe. In my response, I turn to Aquinas’s account of fittingness with respect to God’s nature, utilizing this account to argue that it befits God for some animals to exist in the glorified universe and to be ordered to Him as the final cause. I raise and resolve several potential Aquinian objections to this conclusion and I offer three possible, interrelated reasons as to why God might include animals. In conclusion, I present three additional theological considerations that accord with my conclusion.

Language: English
Page range: 50 - 68
Submitted on: Nov 19, 2024
Accepted on: May 2, 2025
Published on: Dec 8, 2025
Published by: Thomas Institute of Utrecht
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Jennifer Hart Weed, published by Thomas Institute of Utrecht
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.