Climate Change Impact on the Biosphere, Biodiversity and Food-Water-Energy Nexus

Sustainable and equitable utilisation of natural resources without exceeding the planetary boundaries is imperative for one and all as envisioned in the UN-SDGs. With rapid urbanisation, cities are the main human settlements, so adaptation to climate-resilient and livable cities is an important theme with considerations of Good Health and Well-being (SDG#3), Quality Education in Sustainability Science (SDG#4), Sustainable Cities and Communities (SDG#11) and Climate Actions (SDG#13) under the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The Earth’s climate is changing, and now it stands at a position of 1.0 °C - 1.1 °C above pre-industrial level. Climate change alteration is due to anthropogenic activities resulting in loss of biodiversity and an altered biosphere by man, termed Noosphere. Unfortunately, society is not well-prepared to act for adaptation due to limited understanding of the impacts of climate change on human health and safety, lack of awareness and knowledge of climate-induced risks, vulnerabilities and solutions, and slow actions for climate adaptation transformation at the nexus of water, energy and food. Novel solutions for sustainable interaction between climate-controlled energy and food nexus include international cooperation, sustainable economic growth, increasing climate mitigation strategies, using efficient resource management, pollution abatement and to developing technological advancements such as machine learning.