Trace Metal Levels in Vehicle Air and Pollen Filter Dusts by the BCR Extraction Procedure

Altundağ, Hüseyin; Dündar, Mustafa Şahin; Keskin, Can Serkan

doi:10.2478/eces-2013-0018

Abstract

The availability of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn of dust from vehicle air and pollen filters were investigated by four-step BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, residual extracts were measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results indicated that both of air and pollen filter dusts contained higher concentration of Fe. To estimate the accuracy of the method the standard reference material BCR 701 was used. The results for recovery all the elements were found in the range 95.4-101.3%. The mean concentrations [μg/g] of trace elements in dusts from air filters/pollen filters were: cadmium 16.72/17.56; cobalt 24.22/23.72; chromium 46.02/55.44; copper 44.92/37.67; iron 1868.03/1854.92; manganese 231.2/213.64; nickel 38.89/45.27; lead 60.99/67.17; zinc 199.58/201.25. The results obtained are in agreement with data reported in the literature.

References

[1] Larocque ACL, Rasmussen PE. An overview of trace metals in the environment, from mobilization to remediation. Environ Geol. 1998;33(2/3):85-89. DOI: 10.1007/s00254005022710.1007/s002540050227
Search in Google Scholar
[2] Cipurkovic A, Selimbasic V, Tanjic I, Micevic S, Pelemis D, Celikovic R. Heavy metals in sedimentary dust in the ındustrial city of Lukavac. Europ J Sci Res. 2011;54(3):347-362.
Search in Google Scholar
[3] Slavik R, Julinova M, Labudikova M. Screening of the spatial distribution of risk metals in topsoil from an industrial complex. Ecol Chem Eng S. 2012;19(1):259-272. DOI: 10.2478/v10216-011-0020.
Search in Google Scholar
[4] Ganatsas P, Tsakaldimi M, Zachariadis G. Effect of air traffic pollution on seed quality characteristics of Pinus brutia. Environ Exp Bot. 2011;74:157-161. DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.05.014.10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.05.014
Search in Google Scholar
[5] Rodrigues JL, Batista BL, Fillion M, Passos CJS, Mergler D. Trace element levels in whole blood of riparian villagers of the Brazilian Amazon. Sci Total Environ. 2009;407:4168-4173. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.041.10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.04119329141
Search in Google Scholar
[6] Altundag H, Tuzen M. Comparison of dry, wet and microwave digestion methods for the multi element determination in some dried fruit samples by ICP-OES. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2011;49(11):2800-2807. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.064.10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.06421843582
Search in Google Scholar
[7] Saracoglu S, Soylak M, Elci L. Extractable trace metals content of dust from vehicle air filters as determined by sequential extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry. J. AOAC Internat. 2009;92(4):1196-1202.10.1093/jaoac/92.4.1196
Search in Google Scholar
[8] Srinivas N, Rao RS, Kumar KS. Trace metal accumulation in vegetables grown in ındustrial and semi-urban areas-a case study. Appl Ecol Environ Res. 2009;7(2):131-139.10.15666/aeer/0702_131139
Search in Google Scholar
[9] Pieszko C, Sajdak M. Chemometric analysis of heavy metals coexistence in different plant matrices in the Upper Silesian industrial district. Ecol Chem Eng S. 2013;20(1):79-91. DOI: 10.2478/eces-2013-0006.10.2478/eces-2013-0006
Search in Google Scholar
[10] Coşkun M, Frontasyeva MV, Steinnes E, Çotuk AY, Pavlov SS, Coşkun M, et al. Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in thrace studied by analysis of moss (Hypnum Cupressiforme). Bull Environ Contamin Toxicol. 2005;74:201-209. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-004-0569-8.10.1007/s00128-004-0569-815768520
Search in Google Scholar
[11] Halek F, Keyanpour-Rad M, Darbani RM, Kavousirahim A. Concentrations and source assessment of some atmospheric trace elements in northwestern region of Teheran, Iran. Bull Environ Contamin Toxicol. 2010;84:185-190. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-009-9902-6.10.1007/s00128-009-9902-619924365
Search in Google Scholar
[12] Wu YF, Liu CQ, Tu CL. Atmospheric deposition of metals in TSP of Guiyang, PR China. Bull Environ Contamin Toxicol. 2008;80:465-468.10.1007/s00128-008-9397-618465071
Search in Google Scholar
[13] Quiterio SL, Escaleira V, Sousa CRS, Maia LFPG, Arbilla G. Metals in airborne particulate matter in downtown Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Bull Environ Contamin Toxicol. 2004;72:916-922. DOI: 10.1007/s00128-004-0331-2.10.1007/s00128-004-0331-215266686
Search in Google Scholar
[14] Nemati K, Bakar NKA, Abas MRB, Sobhanzadeh E, Low KH. Comparison of unmodified and modified BCR sequential extraction schemes for the fractionation of heavy metals in shrimp aquaculture sludge from Selangor, Malaysia. Environ Monit Assess. 2011;176:313-320. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1584-3.10.1007/s10661-010-1584-320632089
Search in Google Scholar
[15] Tessier A, Campbell PGC, Bisson M. Sequential extraction procedure fort he speciation of particulate trace metals. Anal Chem. 1979;51(7):844-851.10.1021/ac50043a017
Search in Google Scholar
[16] Rozanski S. Fractionation of selected heavy metals in agricultural soils. Ecol Chem Eng S. 2013;20(1):117-125. DOI: 10.2478/eces-2013-0009.10.2478/eces-2013-0009
Search in Google Scholar
[17] Larner BL, Seen AJ, Townsend AT. Comparative study of optimised BCR sequential extraction scheme and acid leaching of elements in the certified reference material NIST 2711. Anal Chim Acta. 2006;556:444-449. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.09.058.10.1016/j.aca.2005.09.058
Search in Google Scholar
[18] Altundag H, Dundar MS, Dogancı S, Celik M, Tuzen M. The use of a sequential extraction procedure for heavy metal analysis of house dusts by atomic absorption spectrometry. Journal of AOAC International 2013; 96(1):166-170. DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.11-112.10.5740/jaoacint.11-11223513973
Search in Google Scholar
[19] BCR 701, European Comission Joint Research Center. Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements IRMM. Geel, Belgium; 2001.
Search in Google Scholar
[20] Nemati K, Bakar NKA, Sobhanzadeh E, Abas MR. A modification of the BCR sequential extraction procedure to investigate the potential mobility of copper and zinc in shrimp aquaculture sludge. Microchem J. 2009;92:165-169. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2009.03.002.10.1016/j.microc.2009.03.002
Search in Google Scholar
[21] Cuong D, Obbard J. Metal speciation in coastal marine sediments from Singapore using a modified BCR-sequential extraction procedure. Appl Geochem. 2006;21:1335-1346. DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.05.001.10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.05.001
Search in Google Scholar
[22] Sysalova J, Szakova J. Mobility assessment and validation of toxic elements in tunnel dust samples - subway and road using sequential chemical extraction and ICP-OES/GF AAS measurements. Environ Res. 2005;101(3):287-293. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2005.10.001.10.1016/j.envres.2005.10.00116364287
Search in Google Scholar
[23] Pueyo M, Mateu J, Rigol A, Vidal M, Lopez-Sanchez JF, Rauret G. Use of the modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure for the study of trace element dynamics in contaminated soils. Environ Pollut. 2008;152(2):330-341. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.020.10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.02017655986
Search in Google Scholar
[24] Siddique N, Majid A, Tufail M. Elemental analysis of dust trapped in air conditioner filters for the assessment of Lahore city’s air quality. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 2011;290:691-699. DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1350-1.10.1007/s10967-011-1350-1
Search in Google Scholar
[25] Sişman I, Imamoğlu M, Aydın AO. Determination of heavy metals in roadside soil from Sapanca area highway, Turkey. Int J Environ Pollut. 2002;17(4):306-311. DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2002.000674.10.1504/IJEP.2002.000674
Search in Google Scholar
[26] Dundar MS, Pala MF. Monitoring of lead, zinc, cadmium, nickel, chromium, copper in street dust samples in Adapazari, Turkey, after earthquake. Trace Elements and Electrolytes. 2003;20(2):104-107.
Search in Google Scholar
[27] Dundar MS, Altundag H, Eyupoglu V, Keskin CS, Tutunoglu C. Determination of heavy metals in lower Sakarya river sediments using a BCR-sequential extraction procedure. Environ Monit Assess. 2012;184:33-41. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-1944-7.10.1007/s10661-011-1944-7
Search in Google Scholar
[28] Dundar MS, Deryaoglu N. Heavy metal determinations in outdoor atmospheric dust depositions. Fresenius Environ Bull. 2005;14(3):185-188.
Search in Google Scholar
[29] Tokalioğlu S, Kartal S, Elçi L. Determination of heavy metals and their speciation in lake sediments by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after a four-stage sequential extraction procedure. Anal Chem Acta. 2000;413:33-40.10.1016/S0003-2670(00)00726-1
Search in Google Scholar
[30] Narin I, Tüzen M, Soylak M. Comparison of sample preparation procedures for the determination of trace heavy metals in house dust, tobacco and tea samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. Ann di Chim. 2004;94(11):867-873. DOI: 10.1002/adic.200490107.10.1002/adic.20049010715626247
Search in Google Scholar
[31] Tokalıoğlu S, Kartal S, Birol G. Application of a three-stage sequential extraction procedure for the determination of extractable metal contents in highway soils. Turk J Chem. 2003;27:333-346.
Search in Google Scholar
[32] Tokalıoğlu S, Kartal S, Birol G. Multivariate analysis of the data and speciation of heavy metals in street dust samples from the organized industrial district in Kayseri (Turkey). Atmos Environ. 2006;40:2797-2805. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.atmosenv.2006.01.019.10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.01.019
Search in Google Scholar
[33] Soylak M, Uzek U, Narin I, Tüzen M, Turkoğlu O, Elçi L. Application of the sequential extraction procedure for dust samples from Kayseri-Turkey. Fresenius Environ Bull. 2004;13(5):454-457.
Search in Google Scholar

Trace Metal Levels in Vehicle Air and Pollen Filter Dusts by the BCR Extraction Procedure

Abstract

Paradigm

My account