Phenolic composition of some Tunisian medicinal plants associated with anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

Family and scientific name	Medicinal used parts	Use(s)	Major active compounds	Reference(s)
Poaceae Cymbopogon schoenanthus L. Spreng	Arial parts	Indicated for the treatment of rheumatism and fever. Diuretic, insecticide	Essential oil: limonene (10.5–27.3%), β-phellandrene (8.2–16.3%), α-ter- pinene (4.3–21.2%) and α –terpineol	(11)
Apiaceae Crithmum maritimum L.	Leaves, Seeds	Appetizers and condiments. Antiscorbutic, tonic, carminative , diuretic, depurative and vermifuge	vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids, essential oil (γ-terpinene, β-phellandrene , and sabinene)	(12) (13)
Chenopodiaceae Hammada scoparia Pomel. Iljin (Arthrophytum scoparium)	Shoots	Indicated for the treatment of eye disorders, a poultice for mould, diarrhea, bites of snakes and against rheumatisms Snuff powder	Alkaloids, flavonol triglycoside, isorhamnetin (3-O-beta-D-xy lopyranosyl-(1-3)-alpha-L rham nopyranosyl-(1’’’-6 »)-beta-D-ga lactopyranoside, Isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-2) (al- pha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6))-be ta-D-galactopyranoside, Isorhamnetin3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopy ranosyl-(1’-2 »))	(14) (15)
Fabaceae Retama raetam Forssk.	Leaves	Used for the treatment of some renal deseases wounds, bites of snakes, sheep scabies, hyperten- sion and for making eye wash for eye troubles. Diuretic, febrifuge, purga- tive and vermifuge.	Alkaloids and flavonoids (daidzein, vicenin-2, naringenin, apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin and kaemp- ferol-7-O-glucoside, daidzein 7, 4′-di- methyl ether, chrysoeriol 7-O-gluco side and orientin)	(16) (17)
Rhamnaceae Zizyphus lotus L.	Fruits, leaves, seeds, roots bark	Treatment of digestive disorders, weakness, liver complaints, obesity, urinary troubles, diabetes, skin infections, fever, diarrhea, fatigue, distress, eyes inflammation, vitamin B deficiencies, emollient, sedative, spleen tonic, aphrodisiac, cleans blood, appetizing, facilitate digestion.	Cyclopeptide alkaloids, (lotusines B, C, E and F dammarane saponins) Flavonoids and phenolic acids (cat echin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulicacid, rutin, apigenin-7-gluco- side, eriodictyol, quercetin, p-hy droxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid andsyringic acid)	(18) (19)

Table 2

Total polyphenolics, flavonoid and condensed tannin content in the five investigated plant extracts. Data are expressed in mg g^-1 of dry matter

	Extracts	Cymbopogon schoenanthus	Crithmum maritimum	Hammada scoparia	Retama raetam	Zizyphus lotus
Total phenolic (mg GAE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	63.86±0.01^d	62.47±0.05^e	93.87±0.03^c	112.12±0.11^b	139.08±0.17^a
Total phenolic (mg GAE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	128.63±0.12^a	116.13±0.2^b	41.90±0.15^d	97.27±0.03^c	35.17±0.21^e
Total flavonoid (mg CE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	7.09±0.07^d	6.05±0.13^e	70.00±0.10^b	15.93±0.23^c	70.71±0.09^a
Total flavonoid (mg CE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	16.00±0.09^c	21.26±0.08^b	14.11±0.20^d	14.50±0.12^d	29.17±0.03^a
Total condensed tannins (mg CE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	22.84±0.09^d	16.62±0.07^e	82.44±0.20^b	28.15±0.16^c	129.17±0.12^a
Total condensed tannins (mg CE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	59.97±0.16^a	58.31±0.19^b	35.22±0.11^d	40.83±0.08^c	22.22±0.06^e

[i] Data are the mean of three replicates±SD. Different letters represent values that are significantly different between control and treatments at 5% according to the Duncan’s multiple range test.

Table 3

Antioxidant activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the five studied plants

	Extracts	Cymbopogon schoenanthus	Crithmum maritimum	Hammada scoparia	Retama raetam	Zizyphus lotus
TAA (mg GAE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	87.91±0.06^e	89.35±0.08^d	236.00±0.19^b	248.89±0.31^a	179.44±0.21^c
TAA (mg GAE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	69.02±0.09^e	82.35±0.05^b	80.90±0.11^c	139.00±0.04^a	73.47±0.05^d
Antiradical activity (IC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Ethanolic	0.6.00±0.02^a	0.80±0.01^b	0.60±0.08^b	0.80±0.01^a	0.19±0.08^c
Antiradical activity (IC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Aqueous	0.30±0.01^c	0.60±0.01^a	0.45±0.08^b	-	0.24±0.07^d
Iron reducing power (ECmg mL^-1) ₅₀	Ethanolic	0.38±0.01^c	0.46±0.02^b	0.10±0.01^e	0.90±0.01^a	0.30±0.02^d
Iron reducing power (ECmg mL^-1) ₅₀	Aqueous	0.11±0.01^d	0.40±0.01^a	0.33±0.01^c	0.36±0.01^b	0.40±0.11^a
Chelating effect (EC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Ethanolic	68.00±0.08^b	84.00±0.09^a	85.11±0.13^a	8.40±0.02^c	0.11±0.01^d
Chelating effect (EC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Aqueous	-	-	-	5.37±0.01^a	0.16±0.01^b

Table 4

Identification and quantification by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography of the main phenolic compounds extracted with ethanol 70% from the five examined plants.

Phenolic compounds	Quantity (%)
Phenolic compounds	Cymbopogon schoenanthus	Hammada scoparia	Retama raetam	Ziziphus lotus	Crithmum maritimum
Resorcinol	5.08	-	-	-	-
Caffeic acid	3.18	-	-	-	-
2.5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid	2.01	-	-	-	-
Quercetine-3-o-rhamnoside	32.82	3.64	-	-	-
Trans-cinnamic acid	9.72	-	-	-	-
Gallic acid	8,80	2.93	-	6.56	-
Ferulic acid	9.83	-	-	-	-
Vanillic acid	-	8.02	-	37.04	10.37
Apigenin-8-C-glucoside	-	31.17	-	-	-
Coumaric acid	-	3.84	-	-	-
Rosmarinic acid	-	1.93	-	4.17	-
Chlorogenic acid	-	7.05	-	-	5.39
Syringic acid	-	-	0.2	-	-
Kaempferol	-	-	2.58	-	-
3.5-dimethoxy-4- hydroxybenzoic acid	-	-	-	5.16	-
Quercetine-3-galactoside	-	-	-	10.46	-
Epigallocatechin		-	-	-	35.89
Total phenolics	71.44	58.58	4.36	63.39	52.82

[i] - = not detected

Anti-proliferative activity of the five selected Tunisian medicinal plants against the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. According to *T-student* test *<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2020-0012 | Journal eISSN: 2564-615X

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Language: English

Page range: 104 - 112

Published on: Apr 30, 2020

Published by: European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Antioxidant capacity,

antiproliferative potential,

breast cancer,

phenolic compounds,

traditional medicinal plants

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© 2020 Hanen Najjaa, Ben Arfa Abdelkarim, Enrico Doria, Abdelbasset Boubakri, Najla Trabelsi, Hanen Falleh, Hajer Tlili, Mohamed Neffati, published by European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 4 (2020): Issue 2 (April 2020)

Phenolic composition of some Tunisian medicinal plants associated with anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

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