Phenolic composition of some Tunisian medicinal plants associated with anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

Najjaa, Hanen; Abdelkarim, Ben Arfa; Doria, Enrico; Boubakri, Abdelbasset; Trabelsi, Najla; Falleh, Hanen; Tlili, Hajer; Neffati, Mohamed

doi:10.2478/ebtj-2020-0012

Figures & Tables

Aromatic and Medicinal species: [1]Hamada scoparia = Arthrophytum scoparium, [2]Cymbopogon schoenanthus, [3]Ziziphus lotus, [4]Crithmum maritimum, [5]Retama raetam.

Anti-proliferative activity of the five selected Tunisian medicinal plants against the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. According to T-student test *<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001

Medicinal properties of the plant species investigated

Family and scientificname	Medicinalused parts	Use(s)	Major active compounds	Reference(s)
PoaceaeCymbopogon schoenanthus L. Spreng	Arial parts	Indicated for the treatmentof rheumatism and fever.Diuretic, insecticide	Essential oil: limonene (10.5–27.3%),β-phellandrene (8.2–16.3%), α-ter-pinene (4.3–21.2%) and α –terpineol	(11)
ApiaceaeCrithmum maritimumL.	Leaves,Seeds	Appetizers and condiments.Antiscorbutic, tonic, carminative, diuretic, depurativeand vermifuge	vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids,essential oil (γ-terpinene, β-phellandrene, and sabinene)	(12)(13)
ChenopodiaceaeHammada scopariaPomel. Iljin(Arthrophytum scoparium)	Shoots	Indicated for the treatmentof eye disorders, a poulticefor mould, diarrhea, bitesof snakes and against rheumatismsSnuff powder	Alkaloids, flavonol triglycoside,isorhamnetin (3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-3)-alpha-L rhamnopyranosyl-(1’’’-6 »)-beta-D-galactopyranoside, Isorhamnetin3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-2) (al-pha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6))-beta-D-galactopyranoside,Isorhamnetin3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1’-2 »))	(14)(15)
FabaceaeRetama raetam Forssk.	Leaves	Used for the treatmentof some renal deseaseswounds, bites of snakes,sheep scabies, hyperten-sion and for making eyewash for eye troubles.Diuretic, febrifuge, purga-tive and vermifuge.	Alkaloids and flavonoids (daidzein,vicenin-2, naringenin, apigenin,kaempferol, quercetin and kaemp-ferol-7-O-glucoside, daidzein 7, 4′-di-methyl ether, chrysoeriol 7-O-glucoside and orientin)	(16)(17)
RhamnaceaeZizyphuslotus L.	Fruits,leaves,seeds,roots bark	Treatment of digestivedisorders, weakness, livercomplaints, obesity, urinarytroubles, diabetes, skininfections, fever, diarrhea,fatigue, distress, eyesinflammation, vitamin Bdeficiencies, emollient,sedative, spleen tonic,aphrodisiac, cleans blood,appetizing, facilitate digestion.	Cyclopeptide alkaloids, (lotusines B,C, E and F dammarane saponins)Flavonoids and phenolic acids (catechin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid,ferulicacid, rutin, apigenin-7-gluco-side, eriodictyol, quercetin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acidandsyringic acid)	(18)(19)

Antioxidant activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the five studied plants

	Extracts	Cymbopogonschoenanthus	Crithmummaritimum	Hammadascoparia	Retamaraetam	Zizyphuslotus
TAA(mg GAE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	87.91±0.06^e	89.35±0.08^d	236.00±0.19^b	248.89±0.31^a	179.44±0.21^c
TAA(mg GAE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	69.02±0.09^e	82.35±0.05^b	80.90±0.11^c	139.00±0.04^a	73.47±0.05^d
Antiradical activity(IC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Ethanolic	0.6.00±0.02^a	0.80±0.01^b	0.60±0.08^b	0.80±0.01^a	0.19±0.08^c
Antiradical activity(IC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Aqueous	0.30±0.01^c	0.60±0.01^a	0.45±0.08^b	-	0.24±0.07^d
Iron reducingpower(ECmg mL^-1) ₅₀	Ethanolic	0.38±0.01^c	0.46±0.02^b	0.10±0.01^e	0.90±0.01^a	0.30±0.02^d
Iron reducingpower(ECmg mL^-1) ₅₀	Aqueous	0.11±0.01^d	0.40±0.01^a	0.33±0.01^c	0.36±0.01^b	0.40±0.11^a
Chelating effect(EC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Ethanolic	68.00±0.08^b	84.00±0.09^a	85.11±0.13^a	8.40±0.02^c	0.11±0.01^d
Chelating effect(EC₅₀ mg mL^-1)	Aqueous	-	-	-	5.37±0.01^a	0.16±0.01^b

Identification and quantification by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography of the main phenolic compounds extracted with ethanol 70% from the five examined plants_

Phenolic compounds	Quantity (%)
Phenolic compounds	Cymbopogonschoenanthus	Hammadascoparia	Retama raetam	Ziziphus lotus	Crithmummaritimum
Resorcinol	5.08	-	-	-	-
Caffeic acid	3.18	-	-	-	-
2.5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid	2.01	-	-	-	-
Quercetine-3-o-rhamnoside	32.82	3.64	-	-	-
Trans-cinnamic acid	9.72	-	-	-	-
Gallic acid	8,80	2.93	-	6.56	-
Ferulic acid	9.83	-	-	-	-
Vanillic acid	-	8.02	-	37.04	10.37
Apigenin-8-C-glucoside	-	31.17	-	-	-
Coumaric acid	-	3.84	-	-	-
Rosmarinic acid	-	1.93	-	4.17	-
Chlorogenic acid	-	7.05	-	-	5.39
Syringic acid	-	-	0.2	-	-
Kaempferol	-	-	2.58	-	-
3.5-dimethoxy-4- hydroxybenzoic acid	-	-	-	5.16	-
Quercetine-3-galactoside	-	-	-	10.46	-
Epigallocatechin		-	-	-	35.89
Total phenolics	71.44	58.58	4.36	63.39	52.82

Total polyphenolics, flavonoid and condensed tannin content in the five investigated plant extracts_ Data are expressed in mg g-1 of dry matter

	Extracts	Cymbopogonschoenanthus	Crithmummaritimum	Hammadascoparia	Retamaraetam	Zizyphuslotus
Total phenolic(mg GAE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	63.86±0.01^d	62.47±0.05^e	93.87±0.03^c	112.12±0.11^b	139.08±0.17^a
Total phenolic(mg GAE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	128.63±0.12^a	116.13±0.2^b	41.90±0.15^d	97.27±0.03^c	35.17±0.21^e
Total flavonoid(mg CE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	7.09±0.07^d	6.05±0.13^e	70.00±0.10^b	15.93±0.23^c	70.71±0.09^a
Total flavonoid(mg CE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	16.00±0.09^c	21.26±0.08^b	14.11±0.20^d	14.50±0.12^d	29.17±0.03^a
Total condensedtannins(mg CE g DW^-1)	Ethanolic	22.84±0.09^d	16.62±0.07^e	82.44±0.20^b	28.15±0.16^c	129.17±0.12^a
Total condensedtannins(mg CE g DW^-1)	Aqueous	59.97±0.16^a	58.31±0.19^b	35.22±0.11^d	40.83±0.08^c	22.22±0.06^e

Phenolic composition of some Tunisian medicinal plants associated with anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Medicinal properties of the plant species investigated

Antioxidant activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the five studied plants

Identification and quantification by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography of the main phenolic compounds extracted with ethanol 70% from the five examined plants_

Total polyphenolics, flavonoid and condensed tannin content in the five investigated plant extracts_ Data are expressed in mg g-1 of dry matter

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