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Gastroprotective effects of methanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf harvested in Southern part of Nigeria in rat Cover

Gastroprotective effects of methanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf harvested in Southern part of Nigeria in rat

The EuroBiotech Journal
Volume 2 (2018): Issue 4 (October 2018)
By: Samuel O. Onoja,  Osborn Chinagorom,  Chinyere B. C. Ikpa,  Kelechi G. Madubuike,  Ihechiluru I. Ezeigbo,  Solomon N. Ijioma,  Aruh O. Anaga and  Maxwell I. Ezeja  
Open Access
|Oct 2018

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

GC-MS chromatogram of ESE.1 = benzenesulfonyl chloride, 2 = benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-, 3 = benzenesulfonic acid, methyl ester, 4 = 2(5H)-furanone, 4-methoxy-5-phenyl-, 5 = 4,5-dimethylthiazole, 6 = p-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride.
GC-MS chromatogram of ESE.1 = benzenesulfonyl chloride, 2 = benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-, 3 = benzenesulfonic acid, methyl ester, 4 = 2(5H)-furanone, 4-methoxy-5-phenyl-, 5 = 4,5-dimethylthiazole, 6 = p-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride.

Figure 2

Stomach sections of effects of ESE against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. Arrows indicate points of gastric ulceration. Plates A- E represents various treatments; groups A = distilled water 5.0 ml/kg, B = cimetidine 100 mg/kg, C = ESE 25 mg/kg, D = ESE 50 mg/kg, E = ESE 100 mg/kg (x 100 magnification).
Stomach sections of effects of ESE against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. Arrows indicate points of gastric ulceration. Plates A- E represents various treatments; groups A = distilled water 5.0 ml/kg, B = cimetidine 100 mg/kg, C = ESE 25 mg/kg, D = ESE 50 mg/kg, E = ESE 100 mg/kg (x 100 magnification).

Figure 3

The relaxant effects of ESE on isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo ESE = Eremomastax speciosa extract, final bath concentration of ESE ranged between 57 – 456 μg/mL.
The relaxant effects of ESE on isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo ESE = Eremomastax speciosa extract, final bath concentration of ESE ranged between 57 – 456 μg/mL.

Figure 4

Concentration-dependent effects of histamine and acetylcholine on the intrinsic contraction in isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo HIS = histamine, ACH = acetylcholine, the final bath concentration of histamine was between 0.15 – 0.44 μg/mL while the final bath concentration of acetylcholine was between 0.015 – 0.044 μg/ml.
Concentration-dependent effects of histamine and acetylcholine on the intrinsic contraction in isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo HIS = histamine, ACH = acetylcholine, the final bath concentration of histamine was between 0.15 – 0.44 μg/mL while the final bath concentration of acetylcholine was between 0.015 – 0.044 μg/ml.

Figure 5

The inhibitory effects of ESE on acetylcholine-induced increased intrinsic contraction of isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo ACH = acetylcholine, ESE = Eremomastax speciosa extract, the final bath concentration of acetylcholine was 0.029 μg/mL while the final bath concentration of ESE ranged between 114 – 456 μg/mL.
The inhibitory effects of ESE on acetylcholine-induced increased intrinsic contraction of isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo ACH = acetylcholine, ESE = Eremomastax speciosa extract, the final bath concentration of acetylcholine was 0.029 μg/mL while the final bath concentration of ESE ranged between 114 – 456 μg/mL.

Figure 6

The inhibitory effects of ESE on histamine-induced increased intrinsic contraction of isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo HIS = histamine, ESE = Eremomastax speciosa extract, the final bath concentration of histamine was 0.29 μg/mL while the final bath concentration of ESE ranged between 114 – 456 μg/mL.
The inhibitory effects of ESE on histamine-induced increased intrinsic contraction of isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo HIS = histamine, ESE = Eremomastax speciosa extract, the final bath concentration of histamine was 0.29 μg/mL while the final bath concentration of ESE ranged between 114 – 456 μg/mL.

Effects of ESE against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer

GroupUlcer scoreUlcer severityUlcer index% inhibition
Distilled water, 5 ml/kg9.80 ± 1.4616.00 ± 0.8412.58 ± 0.07-
Cimetidine, 100 mg/kg5.80 ± 1.11*10.80 ± 2.8211.66 ± 0.32*7.31
ESE, 25 mg/kg4.00 ± 0.82*6.50 ± 1.55*11.05 ± 0.18*12.16
ESE, 50 mg/kg8.50 ± 1.2014.25 ± 1.8012.28 ± 0.292.38
ESE, 100 mg/kg8.00 ± 2.3115.67 ± 5.9312.37 ± 0.581.67

Chemical composition of ESE as identified by the GC-MS

S/NRT (min)%MW (g)MFChemical name
130.6040.63176C6H5ClO2SBenzenesulfonyl chloride
233.0021.25254C15H10O4Benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-
321.8015.63172C7H8O3SBenzenesulfonic acid, methyl ester
428.8012.50190C11H10O32(5H)-Furanone, 4-methoxy-5-phenyl-
534.504.38113C5H7NS4,5-Dimethylthiazole
632.005.63210C6H4Cl2O2Sp-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride

Effects of ESE on ethanol-induced ulcer

GroupUlcer scoreUlcer severityUlcer index% inhibition
Distilled water, 5 ml/kg8.33 ± 1.6517.33 ± 3.9412.57 ± 0.55-
Misoprostol, 50 μg/kg0.50 ± 0.29*1.00 ± 0.71*5.15 ± 0.07*59.03
ESE, 25 mg/kg3.75 ± 2.259.00 ± 5.936.28 ± 0.63*50.04
ESE, 50 mg/kg7.67 ± 1.1717.67 ± 3.158.53 ± 0.40*32.14
ESE, 100 mg/kg5.00 ± 2.418.40 ± 3.617.34 ± 0.49*41.61

Effect of ESE on total gastric acidity

GroupTotal gastric acidity (mole/L)% reduction
Distilled water, 5 ml/kg0.08 ± 0.00-
Cimetidine, 100 mg/kg0.03 ± 0.01*62.5
ESE, 25 mg/kg0.06 ± 0.0025
ESE, 50 mg/kg0.04 ± 0.01*50
ESE, 100 mg/kg0.07 ± 0.0112.5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2018-0050 | Journal eISSN: 2564-615X
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Language: English
Page range: 200 - 208
Published on: Oct 27, 2018
Published by: European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Acetylcholine,
antiulcer,
Eremomastax speciosa,
histamine,
indomethacin
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Genetics,
Biotechnology,
Bioinformatics,
Life sciences, other

© 2018 Samuel O. Onoja, Osborn Chinagorom, Chinyere B. C. Ikpa, Kelechi G. Madubuike, Ihechiluru I. Ezeigbo, Solomon N. Ijioma, Aruh O. Anaga, Maxwell I. Ezeja, published by European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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