Respiratory Rehabilitation Improves Quality of Life and Functionality of Covid 19 Patients

Vladan Markovic; Aleksandra Jurisic-Skevin; Vesna Grbovic; Stefan Simovic; Zeljko Todorovic; Nebojsa Zdravkovic; Jelena Dimitrijevic; Natasa Zdravkovic-Petrovic

doi:10.2478/eabr-2023-0002

Figures & Tables

Five dimensions of EQ-5D before and after respiratory rehabilitation.

FIMI subtotal scores and total score before and after respiratory rehabilitation_

	Mean ± SD	p-value
FIM motor subtotal score before	70.90±13.365	0.000
FIM motor subtotal score after	74.97±10.078	0.000
FIM cognitive subtotal score before	33.58±2.551	0.027
FIM2 subtotal score after	34.06±1.114	0.027
FIM total score before	104.48±12.880	0.000
FIM total score after	106.21±9.791	0.000

Percentage of reported any problem in 5 dimensions of EQ-5D before respiratory rehabilitation_

Characteristics		Mobility			Self-care			Usual Activities			Pain/discomfort			Anxiety/depression
		No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p
Total		83.9	16.1		88.7	11.3		82.2	17.8		22.5	77.5		38.7	61.3
Gender	Male	50.0	11.3	0.727	53.2	8.1	0.696	53.2	8.1	0.311	17.7	43.6	0.212	24.2	37.1	0.876
Gender	Female	33.9	4.8	0.727	35.5	3.2	0.696	29.0	9.7	0.311	4.8	33.9	0.212	14.5	24.2	0.876
Age	30–39	5.2	0.0	0.426	5.2	0.0	0.050	5.2	0.0	0.341	0.0	5.2	0.630	0.0	5.2	0.443
	40–49	8.6	5.2		12.1	1.7		12.1	1.7		5.2	8.6		0.0	13.8
	50–59	19.0	1.7		20.7	0.0		19.0	1.7		3.4	17.2		3.4	17.2
	60+	44.8	15.5		39.7	20.7		41.4	19.0		12.1	48.3		15.5	44.8
Length of hospitalization		14.00±2.376	14.00±1.764	0.789	13.98±2.286	14.14±2.340	0.965	14.00±2.324	14.00±2.145	0.782	13.93±2.093	14.02±2.347	0.739	13.83±2.353	14.11±2.252	0.922
Hypertension	Yes	40.3	9.7	0.731	43.5	6.5	0.688	40.3	9.7	0.739	11.3	28.7	0.999	14.5	35.5	0.118
Hypertension	No	43.5	6.5	0.731	45.2	4.8	0.688	41.9	8.1	0.739	11.3	38.7	0.999	24.2	25.8	0.118
Diabetes mellitus	Yes	19.4	6.5	0.266	24.2	1.6	0.666	21.0	4.8	0.903	8.1	17.7	0.336	8.1	17.7	0.561
Diabetes mellitus	No	64.5	9.7	0.266	64.5	9.7	0.666	61.3	12.9	0.903	14.5	59.7	0.336	30.6	43.5	0.561
COPD	Yes	8.1	1.6	0.970	8.1	1.6	0.528	8.1	1.6	0.942	0.0	9.7	0.322	3.2	6.5	0.776
COPD	No	75.8	14.5	0.970	80.6	9.7	0.528	74.2	16.1	0.942	22.6	67.7	0.322	35.5	54.8	0.776
Heart failure	Yes	6.5	1.6	0.811	8.1	0.0	0.405	8.1	0.0	0.575	3.2	4.8	0.314	1.6	6.5	0.640
Heart failure	No	77.4	14.5	0.811	80.6	11.3	0.405	74.2	17.7	0.575	19.4	72.6	0.314	37.1	54.8	0.640
Malignancy	Yes	9.7	6.5	0.046	9.7	6.5	0.010	9.7	6.5	0.067	3.2	12.9	0.831	4.8	11.3	0.727
Malignancy	No	74.2	9.7	0.046	79.0	4.8	0.010	72.6	11.3	0.067	19.4	64.5	0.831	33.9	50.0	0.727
Endocrine disorder	Yes	6.5	1.6	0.806	3.2	4.8	0.008	3.2	4.8	0.035	1.6	6.5	0.886	1.6	6.5	0.640
Endocrine disorder	No	77.4	14.5	0.806	85.5	6.5	0.008	79.0	12.9	0.035	21.0	71.0	0.886	37.1	54.8	0.640

Baseline demographic characteristics of the study population_

Characteristics		Results (%)	p-value
Gender	Male	38 (61.3 %)	p=0.075
Gender	Female	24 (38.7%)	p=0.075
Age	30–39	4 (6.45%)	p <0.001
	40–49	9 (14.52%)
	50–59	13 (20.97%)
	60+	35 (56.45%)
Hypertension	Yes	31 (50%)	p=0.799
Hypertension	No	31 (50%)	p=0.799
Diabetes mellitus	Yes	16 (25.8%)	p <0.001
Diabetes mellitus	No	46 (74.2%)	p <0.001
COPD	Yes	6 (9.7%)	p <0.001
COPD	No	56 (90.3%)	p <0.001
Heart failure	Yes	5 (8.1%)	p <0.001
Heart failure	No	57 (91.9%)	p <0.001
Malignancy	Yes	10 (16.1%)	p <0.001
Malignancy	No	52 (83.9%)	p <0.001
Endocrine disorder	Yes	5 (8.1%)	p <0.001
Endocrine disorder	No	57 (91.9%)	p <0.001

Average value of all five dimensions of EQ-D before and after respiratory rehabilitation_

	Results (mean ± SD)	p-value
EQ-5D1 before	1.177±0.425	0.010
EQ-5D1 after	1.370±0.773	0.010
EQ-5D2 before	1.145±0.437	0.002
EQ5-5D2 after	1.320±0.672	0.002
EQ-5D3 before	1.193±0.437	0.05
EQ-5D3 after	1.310±0.781	0.05
EQ-5D4 before	1.790±0.447	0.009
EQ-5D4 after	2.00±0.747	0.009
EQ-5D5 before	1.709±0.662	0.000
EQ-5D5 after	2.020±0.689	0.000
EQ-5D VAS	53.31±17.129	0.000
EQ-5D VAS	64.53±8.368	0.000
EQ-5D Index before	0.8516±0.202	0.000
EQ-5DIndex after	0.9147±0.074	0.000

Respiratory Rehabilitation Improves Quality of Life and Functionality of Covid 19 Patients

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

FIMI subtotal scores and total score before and after respiratory rehabilitation_

Percentage of reported any problem in 5 dimensions of EQ-5D before respiratory rehabilitation_

Baseline demographic characteristics of the study population_

Average value of all five dimensions of EQ-D before and after respiratory rehabilitation_

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