Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The Virtual as Personal Cover
By: Fabio Patrone  
Open Access
|Jan 2026

References

  1. Beisbart, Claus [2019]. “Virtual realism: Really realism or only virtually so? A comment on D. J. Chalmers’s Petrus Hispanus Lectures”. Disputatio 55: 297–331.
  2. Braddon-Mitchell, David & Miller, Kristie [2004]. “How to be a conventional person”. The Monist 87: 456–74.
  3. Braun, Matthias [2021]. “Represent me: please! Towards an ethics of digital twins in medicine”. Journal of Medical Ethics 47: 394–400.
  4. Chalmers, David [2022]. Reality+. New York: Norton and Company.
  5. Chalmers, David [2017]. “The virtual and the real”. Disputatio 46: 309–52.
  6. Chalmers, David [2019]. “The virtual as the digital”. Disputatio 55: 453–86.
  7. Clark, Andy & Chalmers, David [1998]. “The extended mind”. Analysis 58: 7–19.
  8. Constantinescu, Mihaela et al. [2022]. “Blame it on the AI? On the moral responsibility of artificial moral advisors”. Philosophy and Technology 35: 1–26.
  9. Danaher, John & Nyholm, Sven [2024]. “Digital duplicates and the scarcity problem: Might AI make us less scarce and therefore less valuable?”. Philosophy and Technology 37: 1–20.
  10. Declos, Alexandre [2024]. “The ontology of videogames”. Synthese 204.
  11. Floridi, Luciano [2014]. The Fourth Revolution: How the Infosphere Is Reshaping Human Reality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  12. Hall, Ned et al. [2024]. “David Lewis’s metaphysics”. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, E. N. Zalta (ed.), https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/lewis-metaphysics/.
  13. Hawley, Katherine [2001]. How Things Persist. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  14. Hawley, Katherine [2024]. “Temporal parts”. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (eds), https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/temporal-parts/.
  15. Karpus, Jurgis & Strasser, Anna [2025]. “Persons and their digital replicas”. Philosophy and Technology 38.
  16. Korman, Daniel Z. & Barker, Jonathan [2025] “Ordinary objects”. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (eds), https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ordinary-objects/.
  17. Lewis, David [1983]. “Survival and identity”. In Philosophical Papers, Vol. I. Oxford: Oxford University Press: 55–77.
  18. Lewis, David [1986]. On the Plurality of Worlds. Oxford: Blackwell.
  19. Locke, John [1689]. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. The Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke. Oxford: Oxford University Press (1997).
  20. Ludlow, Peter [2019]. “The social furniture of virtual worlds”. Disputatio 55: 345–69.
  21. McDonnell, Neil & Wildman, Nathan [2019]. “Virtual reality: Digital or fictional?” Disputatio 55: 371–97.
  22. Merricks, Trenton [2022]. Self and Identity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  23. Olson, Eric [1997]. The Human Animal: Personal Identity without Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  24. Olson, Eric [2007]. What Are We? A Study in Personal Ontology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  25. Olson, Eric [2024]. “Personal identity”. In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (eds), https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-personal/.
  26. Parfit, Derek [1976]. “Lewis, Perry, and what matters”. In The Identities of Persons, A. O. Rorty (ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press: 91–107.
  27. Parfit, Derek [1984]. Reasons and Persons. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  28. Patrone, Fabio [2017]. “Parfitians as exdurantists”. Axiomathes 27: 721–9.
  29. Patrone Fabio [2025]. “Avatars as parts: A reply to Sweeney”. Minds & Machines 35.
  30. Ryan, Malcolm et al. [2020]. “Measuring morality in videogames research”. Ethics and Information Technology 22: 55–68.
  31. Sider, Ted [1996]. “All the world’s a stage”. Australasian Journal of Philosophy 74: 433–53.
  32. Sider, Ted [2001]. Four-Dimensionalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  33. Sweeney, Paula [2023]. “Avatars as proxies”. Minds and Machines 33: 525–39.
  34. Wiggins, David [2011]. Sameness and Substance Renewed. Oxford: Blackwell.
  35. Wildman, Nathan & Woodward, Richard [2018]. “Interactivity, fictionality, and incompleteness”. In The Aesthetics of Videogames, J. Robson & G. Tavinor (eds). London: Routledge: 112–27.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/disp-2024-0010 | Journal eISSN: 2182-2875 | Journal ISSN: 0873-626X
Language: English, Portuguese
Page range: 197 - 215
Published on: Jan 26, 2026
Published by: University of Lisbon
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2026 Fabio Patrone, published by University of Lisbon
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.