References
- Allen, A., Henze, G., Baker, K., Pavlak, G., 2020. Evaluation of low-exergy heating and cooling systems and topology optimization for deep energy savings at the urban district level, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 222, 113106. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113106.10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113106
- Ancona, M.A., Branchini, L., De Pascale, A., Melino, F., 2015. Smart District Heating: Distributed Generation Systems’ Effects on the Network, Energy Procedia, vol. 75, 1208-1213, DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.157.10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.157
- Bach, B., Werling, J., Ommen, T., Münster, M., Morales, J.M., Elmegaard, B., 2016. Integration of large-scale heat pumps in the district heating systems of Greater Copenhagen, Energy, 107, 321-334, DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.029.10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.029
- Bamisile, O., Huang, Q., Dagbasi, M., Adebayo, V., Adun, H., Hu, W., 2020. Steady-state and process modeling of a novel wind-biomass comprehensive energy system: An energy conservation, exergy and performance analysis, Energy Conversion and Management, 220, 113139, DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113139.10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113139
- Bloess, A., Schill, W.P., Zerrahn, A., 2018. Power-to-heat for renewable energy integration: Technologies, modeling approaches, and flexibility potentials, Applied Energy, 212, 1611-1626, DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.12.073.10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.12.073
- European Commission, 2011. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Smart Grids: from innovation to deployment. Access: https://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2011:0202:FIN:EN:PDF.
- European Commission, 2016. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: An EU Strategy on Heating and Cooling. Access: https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/regdoc/rep/1/2016/EN/1-2016-51-EN-F1-1.PDF.
- Gao, L., Cui, X., Ni, J., Lei, W., Huang, T., Bai, C., Yang, J., 2017. Technologies in Smart District Heating System. Energy Procedia, 142, 1829-1834. DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.571.10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.571
- https://www.icax.co.uk/image_Fifth_Generation_Heat_Networks.html
- Imran, M., Usman, M., Im, Y.H., Park, B.S., 2017. The feasibility analysis for the concept of low temperature district heating network with cascade utilization of heat between networks. Energy Procedia, 116, 4-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.050.10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.050
- Kavvadias, K., Jiménez-Navarro, J.P., Thomassen, G., 2019. Decarbonising the EU heating sector - Integration of the power and heating sector, EUR 29772 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2019, ISBN 978-92-76-08386-3, DOI:10.2760/943257, JRC114758.
- Komosa, M.K., Kiedrowski, W.I., 2013. Inteligentne systemy informatyczne dla koncesjonowanego sektora ciepłowniczego, Ciepłownictwo, Ogrzewnictwo, Wentylacja, T. 44, nr 2, 47-52.
- Kuczyński, T., Ziembicki, P., 2012. Inteligentne systemy ciepłownicze zintegrowane w ramach SMART GRID, Ciepłownictwo, Ogrzewnictwo, Wentylacja, 43/9, 360-364.
- Ludynia, A., 2014. Zastosowanie smart grids w ciepłownictwie, Polityka Energetyczna, Tom 17, Zeszyt 1, s. 69-84.
- Lund, H., Østergaard, P. A., Connolly, D., Ridjan, I., Mathiesen, B. V., Hvelplund, F., Thellufsen, J. Z., & Sorknæs, P., 2016. Energy Storage and Smart Energy Systems, International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, 11, 3-14, DOI: 10.5278/ijsepm.2016.11.2.
- Lund, H., Østergaard, P.A., Nielsen, T.B., Werner, S., Thorsen, J.E., Gudmundsson, O., Arabkoohsar, A., Mathiesen, B.V., 2021. Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating, Energy, vol. 227(C), 120520, DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120520.10.1016/j.energy.2021.120520
- Lund, H., Werner, S., Wiltshire, R., Svendsen, S., Thorsen, J.E., Hvelplund, F., Mathiesen, B.V., 2014. 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH): Integrating smart thermal grids into future sustainable energy systems, Energy, 68, 1-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2014.02.089.10.1016/j.energy.2014.02.089
- Mathiesen, B. V., Bertelsen, N., Schneider, N. C. A., García, L. S., Paardekooper, S., Thellufsen, J. Z., & Djørup, S. R., 2019. Towards a decarbonised heating and cooling sector in Europe: Unlocking the potential of energy efficiency and district energy. Aalborg Universitet.
- Millar, M.-A., Yu, Z., Burnside, N., Jones, G., Elrick, B., 2021. Identification of key performance indicators and complimentary load profiles for 5th generation district energy networks, Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 291(C), 116672. DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116672.10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116672
- Ministry of Climate and Environment, 2021. Energy Policy of Poland until 2040. https://www.gov.pl/web/klimat/polityka-energetyczna-polski
- Olsthoorn, D., Haghighat, F., Mirzaei, P.A., 2016. Integration of storage and renewable energy into district heating systems: A review of modelling and optimization, Solar Energy, 136, 49–64, DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.054.10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.054
- Rak, A., 2016. Narzędzia informatyczne do zarządzania i optymalizacji pracy systemu ciepłowniczego, Zeszyty Naukowe UE w Katowicach, 308, 115-127.
- Wiśniewski, G., Więcka, A., Kawalak, T., Tokarczyk, P., Gręda, D., 2019. OZE i magazyny ciepła w polskim ciepłownictwie, Instytut Energetyki Odnawialnej, Warszawa, https://www.teraz-srodowisko.pl/media/pdf/aktualnosci/7118-OZE-wsystemach-cieplowniczych-IEO.pdf.
- Wojdyga, K., Chorzelski, M., 2017. Chances for polish district heating systems, Energy Procedia, vol. 116, 106-118, DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.059.10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.059
- Wrzalik, A., 2021. Corporate Social Responsibility of Heating Companies in Poland in the Context of Sustainable Development, Conference System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment, vol. 3, 329-336, doi:10.2478/czoto-2021-0035.10.2478/czoto-2021-0035
- Wrzalik, A., 2019. Innovative Solutions in the Process of Heat Supply, Conference Quality Production Improvement – CQPI, vol.1, 155-161, DOI: 10.2478/cqpi-2019-0021.10.2478/cqpi-2019-0021