Figure 1.
Optical gaging product (OGP) test instrumentarium.
Figure 2.
Geometric structure and schematic diagram of pressure drop standards.
Table 1.
Geometric parameters of pressure drop standard.
| d1 | d2 | d3 | d4 | d5 | d6 | d7 | d8 | d9 | d10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inner diameter of capillary | 0.643 | 0.635 | 0.634 | 0.635 | 0.630 | 0.630 | 0.622 | 0.637 | 0.640 | 0.635 |
| Diameter of pressure drop standard | 7.981 | |||||||||
| Length of pressure drop standard | 120.432 | |||||||||
Figure 3.
Schematic diagram of pressure drop standard calibration device based on the critical flow orifice (CFO) method.
Figure 4.
Schematic diagram of the developing and fully developed flow sections in a capillary of the pressure drop standard.
Figure 5.
Velocity cloud diagrams of the inlet and outlet sections.
Figure 6.
Schematic diagram of segmentation in the developing section.
Figure 7.
Flow chart of the computational algorithm. Where N represents the number of capillaries and Ak represents the cross-sectional area of each capillary.
Table 2.
Inner diameter parameter table of different pressure drop standards.
| d1 | d2 | d3 | d4 | d5 | d6 | d7 | d8 | d9 | d10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.643 | 0.635 | 0.634 | 0.635 | 0.630 | 0.630 | 0.622 | 0.637 | 0.640 | 0.635 |
| 2 | 0.538 | 0.532 | 0.543 | 0.539 | 0.545 | 0.548 | 0.544 | 0.548 | 0.536 | 0.542 |
| 3 | 0.479 | 0.484 | 0.485 | 0.477 | 0.491 | 0.486 | 0.481 | 0.484 | 0.478 | 0.480 |
| 4 | 0.452 | 0.442 | 0.480 | 0.463 | 0.454 | 0.458 | 0.450 | 0.463 | 0.445 | 0.452 |
| 5 | 0.432 | 0.417 | 0.429 | 0.422 | 0.418 | 0.417 | 0.427 | 0.416 | 0.413 | 0.424 |
| 6 | 0.413 | 0.422 | 0.412 | 0.415 | 0.432 | 0.428 | 0.420 | 0.418 | 0.414 | 0.427 |
| 7 | 0.372 | 0.376 | 0.376 | 0.378 | 0.380 | 0.389 | 0.374 | 0.376 | 0.400 | 0.384 |
Table 3.
Comparison of experimental and calculated values.
| Sample ID | Experimental draw resistance (Pa) | Calculated draw resistance (Pa) | Relative error (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 980.6 | 974.39 | −0.63 |
| 2 | 1972.0 | 1875.04 | −7.10 |
| 3 | 2916.2 | 2903.03 | −0.45 |
| 4 | 3805.2 | 3634.33 | −4.49 |
| 5 | 4825.1 | 4836.75 | 0.24 |
| 6 | 5712.2 | 5377.19 | −5.86 |
| 7 | 7971.9 | 7513.70 | −5.75 |
Figure 8.
Comparison of experimental and calculated values.