Abstract
This paper is a review of the relevant scientific literature on the present status, distribution, habitat, ecological traits, population structure and threats of Neretva roach Rutilus basak (Heckel, 1843). The species inhabits a restricted area of the Adriatic Sea watershed in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The major threats are habitat loss caused by significant hydrological changes in the water regime in the area of distribution and the introduction of non-indigenous species. Still, R. basak is quite widespread and often abundant. Information brought together in this study will improve our knowledge about this species.