References
- 1. Fidler A, Msisha W. Governance in the pharmaceutical sector. Eurohealth. 2008;14(1):25-9.
- 2. Velásquez G, Madrid Y, Quick JD, Drugs WHOAP on E. Health reform and drug financing : selected topics. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1998. (Health Economics and Drugs. DAP series; no. 6).
- 3. Nakyanzi JK, Kitutu FE, Oria H, Kamba PF. Expiry of medicines in supply outlets in Uganda. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88(2):154-8.10.2471/BLT.08.057471281447420428373
- 4. Motlanthe EK. A study on medicine expiry within the supply chain in Limpopo Province. University of Limpopo; 2012.
- 5. Braund R, Peake BM, Shieffelbien L. Disposal practices for unused medications in New Zealand. Environ Int. 2009;35(6):952-5.10.1016/j.envint.2009.04.00319423167
- 6. Tong AYC, Peake BM, Braund R. Disposal practices for unused medications around the world. Environ Int. 2011;37(1):292-8.10.1016/j.envint.2010.10.00220970194
- 7. Organization WH, Association IP, Association ISW. Guidelines for safe disposal of unwanted pharmaceuticals in and after emergencies. World Health Organization; 1999.
- 8. Prüss-Üstün A, Townend WK. Safe management of wastes from health-care activities. World Health Organization; 1999.
- 9. Ethiopian food, medicine and healthcare administration and control authority. Medicines waste management and disposal directive. Addis Ababa; 2011.
- 10. Barraclough A, Clark M. Managing procurement. MDS-3: Managing access to medicines and other health technologies. Arlington: Management Sciences for Health; 2011.
- 11. WHO. World Health Report. Genewa: World Health Organization; 2004:1-540.
- 12. ARHB. Auditable Pharmaceuticals Transactions and Services (APTS): A Guide for Implementation. Amhara Region Health Bureau (ARHB). Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 2012.
- 13. West LM, Diack L, Cordina M, Stewart D. A systematic review of the literature on ‘medication wastage’: an exploration of causative factors and effect of interventions. Int J Clin Pharm. 2014;36(5):873-81.10.1007/s11096-014-9981-225037952
- 14. Tumwine Y, Kutyabami P, Odoi RA, Kalyango JN. Availability and expiry of essential medicines and supplies during the ‘pull’ and ‘push’ drug acquisition systems in a rural Ugandan hospital. Trop J Pharm Res. 2010;9(6):557-64.
- 15. Dias V. Inventory management. MDS-3: Managing access to medicines and other health technologies. Arlington: Management Sciences for Health; 2011.
- 16. Roy C, Das JK, Jha HK, Bhattacharya V, Shivdasani JP, Nandan D. Logistics and supply management system of drugs at different levels in Darbhanga District of Bihar. IJPH. 2009;53(3):147-50.
- 17. Kachwee M, Hartmann D, Ajayi O, Sunjka B, de Bruyn R, Treurnicht N, et al. SAIIE 2013 Conference Proceedings: Hospital supply chain management and optimization. School of Mechanical, Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering: University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. In: SAIIE25 Proceedings. Stellenbosch, South Africa; 2013.
- 18. FMOH. Health Sector Transformation Plan (HSTP) 2015/16 – 2019/20 (2008-2012 EFY) plan. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health; 2015.
- 19. Tadeg H, Ejigu E, Geremew E, Adinew A. Auditable pharmaceutical transactions and services (APTS): findings of the baseline assessment at federal, Addis Ababa, and teaching hospitals. Submitted to the US agency for international development by the systems for improved access to pharmaceuticals and services (SIAPS) program. Arlington: Management Sciences for Health; 2014.
- 20. John Snow Inc. United States Agency for International Development (USAID) | Deliver Project, Task Order 1. Logistics Indicators Assessment Tool (LIAT). Arlington; 2005.
- 21. FMOH, WHO. Assessment of the pharmaceutical sector in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Published by Federal Ministry of Health in collaboration with the World Health Organization; 2003.
- 22. FMOH. Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia plan and program directorate, Health Sector Development IV (HSDP IV /2010-2015) Plan. Addis Abba, Ethiopia: Federal Ministry of Health; 2010.
- 23. FMOH. Health Sector Development Programme IV: Annual Performance Report (2013/14). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Federal Ministry of Health; 2014.
- 24. Gedif T, Teshome D, Sebsibie F, Assefa T, Gulelat B, Beedmariam G, et al. Implementation of auditable pharmaceutical transaction and services in Ethiopia. Assessment report. In: Special Bulletin 18th Annual Review meeting. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Federal Ministry of Health; 2016.
- 25. PFSA. The Ethiopian pharmaceuticals supply chain management system monitoring and evaluation training manual. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Pharmaceutical Fund and Supply Agency; 2014.
- 26. Braund R, Chuah F, Gilbert R, Gn G, Soh A, Tan L, et al. Identification of the reasons for medication returns. NZ Fam Physician. 2008;35(4):248-52.
- 27. Trueman P, Taylor DG, Lowson K, Bligh A, Meszaros A, Wright D, et al. Evaluation of the scale, causes and costs of waste medicines. Report of DH funded national project. York Health Economics Consortium and The School of Pharmacy. York and London: University of London; 2010.
- 28. Gebremariam ET, Gebregeorgise DT, Fenta TG. Factors contributing to medicines wastage in public health facilities of South West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: a qualitative study. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2019;12(1):29.10.1186/s40545-019-0192-z684402531737281
- 29. Kagashe GA, Makenya FB, Buma D. Medicines wastage at a tertiary hospital in Dar Es Salaam Tanzania. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2014;4(6):98–102.
- 30. Henry D. Economics for Pharmaceutical Management. MDS-3: Managing access to medicines and other health technologies. Arlington: Management Sciences for Health; 2011.
- 31. WHO. Measuring transparency in the public pharmaceutical sector: assessment instrument. Russian version published by the Society of Professional Pharmaceutical Organizations (SPFO). Russian Federation. World Health Organization; 2009.
- 32. Awaya T, Ohtaki K, Yamada T, Yamamoto K, Miyoshi T, Itagaki Y, et al. Automation in drug inventory management saves personnel time and budget. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2005;125(5):427-32.10.1248/yakushi.125.42715863974
- 33. MSH/SPS. Report on the state of availability and delivery of Pharmaceuticals in the Northern Cape Province, Pretoria. Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems. Arlington: Management Sciences for Health; 2008.
- 34. The Logistics Handbook: A Practical Guide for the Supply Chain Management of Health Commodities. Arlington. United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Deliver Project. Arlington: USAID; 2011.