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Respiratory Diseases in Children and Air Pollution – The Cost of – Illness Assessment in Ostrava City Cover

Respiratory Diseases in Children and Air Pollution – The Cost of – Illness Assessment in Ostrava City

Central European Journal of Public Policy
Volume 14 (2020): Issue 1 (June 2020)
By: Dominika Tóthová  
Open Access
|Apr 2020

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1

Division of Ostrava into two parts.Source: Own processing based on NIPH, 2016.
Division of Ostrava into two parts.Source: Own processing based on NIPH, 2016.

Description of the course of the illnesses used in the questionnaire survey

NasopharyngitisBronchitis
Description

  • Mucosal infection that does not affect the tonsils

  • Uncomplicated course not requiring antibiotic treatment

  • Viral or bacterial infection

  • Antibiotic treatment required

Symptoms

  • The child has a wet cough

  • Has a cold

  • Has a high temperature

  • Is tired, has a headache

  • Has enlarged and painful lymph nodes on the neck

  • The child has a strong, continuous cough

  • Difficulty breathing, wheezing

  • First, the child has a dry cough, then coughs up mucous

  • Has a headache

  • Has chest pain

  • Has fever accompanied by chills

Restrictions

  • The child does not attend kindergarten/school for a maximum of 5 days

  • Takes paracetamol, ibuprofen, and cough and cold medications

  • The mother or another relative is at home for 5 days

  • The child takes antibiotics and other supportive medications

  • The child must see a doctor or go to a hospital

  • The mother or another close person is at home with the child for at least 10 days

Duration

  • High temperature, difficulty breathing and other symptoms last for 5 days

  • The child is at home for 10 days and does not go to school, and after that does not attend physical education classes for at least 14 days

Loss of productivity for acute bronchitis based on the individual course of the illness from the social perspective (EUR, 2017)

Loss of productivity based on labour costsLoss of productivity based on sickness insurance benefitsTotal loss of productivityper case
Number of working daysAge 0–3Age 4–15Number of calendar daysAge 0–3Age 4–15Age 0–3Age 4–15
8€574.6€569.510€0€168.6€574.6€738.1

Social costs per year associated with the incidence of acute nasopharyngitis and acute bronchitis in Ostrava due to diminished air quality (EUR, 2017)

RegionNasopharyngitisBronchitis
Ostrava – west€2,321,773€2,189,623
Ostrava – east€7,926,359€6,480,889
Total€10,248,132€8,670,512

Prevalence of respiratory diseases in Ostrava and the Czech Republic

RegionNasopharyngitis (%)Bronchitis (%)
Ostrava – west28.1317.89
Ostrava – east30.5618.75
Czech Republic18.828.67
Difference between west Ostrava and the Czech Republic9.319.22
Difference between east Ostrava and the Czech Republic11.7410.08

Social costs per case of acute nasopharyngitis (EUR, 2017)

COI – direct costsCOI – indirect costsTotal social costs per case
AgeHealth insurance costsHousehold costsWork-related costsSickness insurance benefits
0€2.1€14.4€359.1€0€ 375.6
1–3€2.1€14.4€359.1€0€375.6
4–5€2.1€14.4€356.0€118.0€490.5
6–10€2.1€14.4€356.0€118.0€490.5
11–15€2.1€11.3€356.0€118.0€487.4

Social costs per one case of acute bronchitis (EUR, 2017)

COI – direct costsCOI – indirect costsTotal social costs per case
AgeHealth insurance costsHousehold costsWork-related costsSickness insurance benefits
0€14.7€20.5€574.6€0€609.8
1–3€14.7€20.5€574.6€0€609.8
4–5€14.7€20.5€569.5€168.6€773.3
6–10€14.7€20.5€569.5€168.6€773.3
11–15€14.7€17.4€569.5€168.6€770.2

COI – direct costs per case of acute nasopharyngitis (EUR, 2017*)

Medical proceduresMedicationTotal
Health insurance costsHealth insurance costsHousehold costsTotal costs per case
Age 0–10€2.1€0€14.4€16.5
Age 11–15€2.1€0€11.3€13.4

Loss of productivity in acute nasopharyngitis based on the individual course of the illness from the social perspective (EUR, 2017)

Loss of productivity based on labour costsLoss of productivity based on sickness insurance benefitsTotal loss of productivity per case
No. of working daysAge 0–3Age 4–15No. of calendar daysAge 0–3Age 4–15Age 0–3Age 4–15
5€359.1€356.07€0€118.0€359.1€474

COI – direct costs per case of acute bronchitis (EUR, 2017)

Medical proceduresMedicationTotal
Health insurance costsHealth insurance costsHousehold costsTotal costs per case
Age 0–10€8.4€6.3€20.5€35.2
Age 11–15€8.4€6.3€17.4€33.2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2020-0003 | Journal eISSN: 1802-4866
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Language: English
Page range: 43 - 56
Submitted on: Oct 22, 2019
Accepted on: Dec 3, 2019
Published on: Apr 9, 2020
Published by: University of Matej Bel in Banska Bystrica, Faculty of Economics
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
Cost-Of-Illness,
health cost,
Ostrava,
nasopharyngitis,
bronchitis,
children
Related subjects:
Business and economics,
Political economics,
Public finance and fiscal theory,
Business management,
Industries,
Public sector, public private partnerships, public administration,
Social sciences,
Sociology,
Social policy, social work, development aid,
Political science,
Political science, other

© 2020 Dominika Tóthová, published by University of Matej Bel in Banska Bystrica, Faculty of Economics
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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