References
- Abendin, S., & Duan, P. (2021). International Trade and Economic Growth in Africa: The Role of the Digital Economy. Cogent Economics & Finance, 9(1).
https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2021.1911767 - Amano, A. (1977). Specific Factors, Comparative Advantage and International Investment. Economica, 44(174), 131–144.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2553716 - Andonova, L., Mansfield, E. D., & Milner, H. V. (2007). International Trade and Environmental Policy in the Postcommunist World. Comparative Political Studies, 40(7), 782–807.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414006293 - Azmeh, S., Foster, Ch., & Echavarri, J. (2020). The International Trade Regime and the Quest for Free Digital Trade. International Studies Review, 22(3), 671–692.
https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viz033 - Baccini, L., & Kim, S. Y. (2012). Preventing Protectionism: International Institutions and Trade Policy. The Review of International Organizations, 7, 369–398.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-011-9140-7 - Batra, R. N., & Ramachandran, R. (1980). Multinational Firms and the Theory of International Trade and Investment. American Economic Review, 70(3), 278–290.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1805219 - Beaulieu, E., & Gaisford, J. (2002). Labour and Environmental Standards: The ‘Lemons Problem’ in International Trade Policy. World Economy, 25(1), 59–78.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9701.00420 - Branson, W. H., Junz, H. B., Gordon, R. A., & Krause, L. (1971). Trends in U.S. Trade and Comparative Advantage. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 285–345.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2534225 - Boylan, B. M., McBeath, J., & Wang, B. (2021). US–China Relations: Nationalism, the Trade War, and COVID-19. Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 14, 23–40.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40647-020-00302-6 - Cohen, B. J. (1990). The Political Economy of International Trade. International Organization, 44(2), 261–281.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S002081830003527X - Copeland, B. R. (2013). Trade and the Environment. In D. Bernhofen, R. Favley, D. Greenaway, & U. Kreickemeier (Eds.), Palgrave Handbook of International Trade. Palgrave Macmillan.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-30531-1 - Cox, D., & Harris, R. (1985). Trade Liberalization and Industrial Organization: Some Estimates for Canada. Journal of Political Economy, 93(1), 115–145.
https://doi.org/10.1086/261290 - DeSombre, E. R., & Barkin, J. S. (2002). Turtles and trade: Turtles and Trade: The WTO‘s Acceptance of Environmental Trade Restrictions. Global Environmental Politics, 2(1), 12–18.
https://doi.org/10.1162/152638002317261445 - Dornbush, R., Fischer, S., & Samuelson, P. A. (1977). Comparative Advantage, Trade, and Payments in a Ricardian Model with a Continuum of Goods. American Economic Review, 67(5), 823–839.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/1828066 - Du Plessis, Ch., & Brandon, P. (2015). An Ecological Worldview as Basis for a Regenerative Sustainability Paradigm for the Built Environment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 109, 53–61.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.09.098 - Ederington, J., & Minier, J. (2003). Is Environmental Policy a Secondary Trade Barrier? An Empirical Analysis. Canadian Journal of Economics, 36(1), 137–154.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-5982.00007 - Ederwick, P. (2011). Understanding the Rise of Global Protectionism. Thunderbird International Business Review, 53(3), 325–336.
https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20410 - Findlay, R. (1970). Factor Proportions and Comparative Advantage in the Long Run. Journal of Political Economy, 78(1), 27–34.
https://doi.org/10.1086/259598 - Grossman, G. M., & Helpman, E. (1989). Product Development and International Trade. Journal of Political Economy, 97(6), 1261–1283.
https://doi.org/10.1086/261653 - Grubert, H., & Mutti, J. (1991). Taxes, Tariffs and Transfer Pricing in Multinational Corporate Decision Making. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 73(2), 285–293.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2109519 - Haggard, S., & Simmons, B. A. (1987). Theories of International Regimes. International Organization, 41(3), 491–517.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300027569 - Hansen, W. L. (1990). The International Trade Commission and the Politics of Protectionism. American Political Science Review, 84(1), 21–46.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1963628 - Harkness, J., & Kyle, J. F. (1975). Factors Influencing United States comparative advantage. Journal of International Economics, 5(2), 153–165.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(75)90002-1 - Helpman, E. (1984). A Simple Theory of International Trade with Multinational Corporations. Journal of Political Economy, 92(3), 451–471.
https://doi.org/10.1086/261236 - Hipple, F. S. (1990). The Measurement of International Trade Related to Multinational Companies. American Economic Review, 80(5), 1263–1270.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2006777 - Howse, R., & Langille, J. (2023). Continuity and Change in the World Trade Organization: Pluralism Past, Present, and Future. American Journal of International Law, 117(1), 1–47.
https://doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2022.82 - Hu, X., & Yin, X. (2022). Do Stronger Intellectual Property Rights Protections Raise Productivity within the Context of Trade Liberalization? Evidence from China. Economic Modelling, 110, 105791.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2022.105791 - Kogut, B. (1984). Normative Observations on the International Value-Added Chain and Strategic Groups. Journal of International Business Studies, 15, 151–167.
https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490488 - Krasner, S. D. (1976). State Power and the Structure of International Trade. World Politics, 28(3), 317–347.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2009974 - Levy, D. L. (1995). International Sourcing and Supply Chain Stability. Journal of International Business Studies, 26, 343–360.
https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490177 - Luo, Y. (2022). A General Framework of Digitization Risks in International Business. Journal of International Business Studies, 53, 344–361.
https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-021-00448-9 - MacIsaac, S., & Duclos, B. C. (2020). Trade and Conflict: Trends in Economic Nationalism, Unilateralism and Protectionism. Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 26(1), 1–7.
https://doi.org/10.1080/11926422.2020.1714682 - Matthess, M., & Kunkel S. (2020). Structural Change and Digitalization in Developing Countries: Conceptually Linking the Two Transformations. Technology in Society, 63, 101428.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101428 - McAusland, C., & Millimet, D. L. (2013). Do National Borders Matter? Intranational Trade, International Trade, and the Environment. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 65(3), 411–437.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2012.10.001 - Milner, H. (1999). The Political Economy of International Trade. Annual Review of Political Science, 2, 91–114.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.2.1.91 - Morin, J. F., Dür, A., & Lechner, L. (2018). Mapping the Trade and Environment Nexus: Insights from a New Data Set. Global Environmental Politics, 18(1), 122–139.
https://doi.org/10.1162/GLEP_a_00447 - Neal, L. (1979). The Economics and Finance of Bilateral Clearing Agreements: Germany, 1934–8. The Economic History Review, 32(3), 391–404.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2595705 - Nollen, S. D., & Iglarsh, H. J. (1990). Explanations of Protectionism in International Trade Votes. Public Choice, 66, 137–153.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00127798 - Oatley, T. (2022). International political economy (7th edition). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003276524 - Porter, M. (1986). Changing Patterns of International Competition. California Management Review, 28(2), 9–40.
https://doi.org/10.2307/41165182 - Prakash, A., & Potoski, M. (2006). Racing to the Bottom? Trade, Environmental Governance, and ISO 14001. American Journal of Political Science, 50(2), 350–364.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00188.x - Pryke, S. (2012). Economic Nationalism: Theory, History and Prospects. Global Policy, 3(3), 281–291.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00146.x - Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L., Ghauri, P. N., Jensen, P. D., Kipping, M., Petersen, B., & Scerri, M. (2022). Economic Nationalism and Internationalization of Services: Review and Research Agenda. Journal of World Business, 57(3), 101314.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2022.101314 - Rose, A. K. (2005). One Reason Countries Pay Their Debts: Renegotiation and International Trade. Journal of Development Economics, 77(1), 189–206.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2004.03.006 - Schatz, A. W. (1970). The Anglo-American Trade Agreement and Cordell Hull‘s Search for Peace 1936–1938. Journal of American History, 57(1), 85–103.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1900551 - Starr, R. (1973). A New Legal Framework for Trade Between the United States and the Soviet Union: The 1972 US-USSR Trade Agreement. American Journal of International Law, 67(1), 63–83.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2199094 - van Aaken, A., & Kurtz, J. (2019). Beyond Rational Choice: International Trade Law and The Behavioral Political Economy of Protectionism. Journal of International Economic Law, 22(4), 601–628.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgz034 - White, R. C. (1975). A New International Economic Order. International & Comparative Law Quarterly, 24(3), 542–552.
https://doi.org/10.1093/iclqaj/24.3.542 - Wiedmann, T., & Lenzen, M. (2018). Environmental and Social Footprints of International Trade. Nature Geoscience, 11, 314–321.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0113-9 - Wu, J., Luo, Z., & Wood, J. (2023). How do Digital Trade Rules Affect Global Value Chain Trade in Services?—Analysis of Preferential Trade Agreements. The World Economy, 46(1), 3026–3047.
https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13412 - Xu, X. (2000). International Trade and Environmental Regulation: Time Series Evidence and Cross Section Test. Environmental and Resource Economics, 17, 233–257.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026428806818 - Young, O. R. (1986). International Regimes: Toward a New Theory of Institutions. World Politics, 39(1), 104–122.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2010300