Have a personal or library account? Click to login
The Relationship between Fertility and Female Participation in the Labour Force in OECD Countries 2000–2020: It Is (Again) Negative Cover

The Relationship between Fertility and Female Participation in the Labour Force in OECD Countries 2000–2020: It Is (Again) Negative

Open Access
|Oct 2023

References

  1. Adserà, A. (2004). Changing Fertility Rates in Developed Countries. The Impact of Labor Market Institutions. Journal of Population Economics, 17(1), 17–43. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20007893
  2. Adsera, A. (2005). Vanishing Children: From High Unemployment to Low Fertility in Developed Countries. The American Economic Review, 95(2), 189–193. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4132814
  3. Ahn, J., Lee, S.H., Park, M.Y., Oh, S.H., & Lee, W. (2021). The Association Between Long Working Hours and Infertility. Safety and Health at Work, 12(4), 517–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2021.07.005
  4. Ahn, N., & Mira, P. (2002). A Note on the Changing Relationship between Fertility and Female Employment Rates in Developed Countries. Journal of Population Economics, 15(4), 667–682. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20007839
  5. Aizer, A., Eli, S., Ferrie, J., & Lleras-Muney, A. (2016). The Long-Run Impact of Cash Transfers to Poor Families. The American Economic Review, 106(4), 935–971. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20140529
  6. Ariza, A., De la Rica Goiricelaya, S., & Ugidos Olazabal, A. (2003). The effect of flexibility in working hours on fertility: A comparative analysis of selected European countries, (DFAEII Working Papers 1988-088X, University of the Basque Country - Department of Foundations of Economic Analysis II). https://addi.ehu.es/bitstream/handle/10810/6867/wp2003-08.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  7. Bartels, B. (2008). Beyond Fixed versus Random Effects: A Framework for Improving Substantive and Statistical Analysis of Panel, Time-Series Cross-Sectional, and Multilevel Data. Society for Political Methodology, 9, 1–43. https://home.gwu.edu/~bartels/cluster.pdf
  8. Basten, S., Sobotka, T., & Zeman, K. (2014). Future fertility in low fertility countries. In W. Lutz, W.P. Butz, & Samir, K.C. (Eds.), World Population and Human Capital in the Twenty-first Century (pp. 39–149). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  9. Becker, G.S. (1965). A Theory of the Allocation of Time. The Economic Journal, 75(299), 493–517. https://doi.org/10.2307/2228949
  10. Behrman, J. & Gonalons-Pons, P. (2020). Women's employment and fertility in a global perspective (1960–2015), Demographic Research, 43(25), 707–744. [Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany,]
  11. Brewster, K.L., & Rindfuss, R.R. (2000). Fertility and Women's Employment in Industrialized Nations. Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 271–296. http://www.jstor.org/stable/223445
  12. Comolli, C. L. (2017). The Fertility Response to the Great Recession in Europe and the United States: Structural Economic Conditions and Perceived Economic Uncertainty. Demographic Research, 36, 1549–1600. http://www.jstor.org/stable/26332174
  13. Comolli, C. L., Neyer, G., Andersson, G., Dommermuth, L., Fallesen, P., Jalovaara, M., Jónsson, A. K., Kolk, M., & Lappegård, T. (2020). Beyond the Economic Gaze: Childbearing During and After Recessions in the Nordic Countries. European Journal of Population [Revue Europeenne de Demographie], 37(2), 473–520. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-020-09570-0
  14. Clark, R., Ramsbey, T.W., & Adler, E.S. (1991). Culture, Gender, and Labor Force Participation: A Cross-National Study. Gender and Society, 5(1), 47–66. http://www.jstor.org/stable/189929
  15. Duncan, G.J., Morris, P.A., & Rodrigues, C. (2011). Does Money Really Matter? Estimating Impacts of Family Income on Young Children's Achievement with Data from Random-Assignment Experiments. Developmental Psychology, 47(5), 1263–1279. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023875
  16. Engelhardt, H., & Prskawetz, A. (2004). On the Changing Correlation between Fertility and Female Employment over Space and Time. European Journal of Population / Revue Européenne de Démographie, 20(1), 35–62. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20164253
  17. Esping-Andersen, G. (1999). Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  18. Esping-Andersen, G., & Billari, F.C. (2015). Retheorizing Family Demographics. Population and Development Review, 41, 1–31.
  19. Galor, O., & Weil, D.N. (1996). The Gender Gap, Fertility, and Growth. The American Economic Review, 86(3), 374–387. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118202
  20. Goldin C. (1995). The U-shaped female labor force function in economic development and economic history. In T.P. Schultz (Ed.), Investment in Women's Human Capital and Economic Development (pp. 61–90). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  21. Goldscheider, F., Bernhardt, E., & Lappegård, T. (2015). The Gender Revolution: A Framework for Understanding Changing Family and Demographic Behavior. Population and Development Review, 41(2), 207–239. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24639356
  22. Goodrich, B. (2006). A Comment on “Rewarding Impatience.” International Organization, 60(2), 499–513. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877901
  23. Impicciatore, R., & Tomatis, F. (2020). The Nexus between Education and Fertility in Six European Countries. Genus, 76(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00104-4.
  24. International Labour Organization and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (25 November 2021). Women at Work in G20 Countries: Progress and Policy Action Since 2020. https://www.oecd.org/gender/OECD-ILO-2021-Women-at-Work-P%C3%B6licy-Action-Since-2020-G20-Italy.pdf
  25. Kennedy, P. (1998). A Guide to Econometrics, 4th ed. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
  26. Kögel, T. (2004). Did the Association between Fertility and Female Employment within OECD Countries Really Change Its Sign? Journal of Population Economics, 17, 45–65.
  27. Kohler, H.P., Billari, F., & Ortega, J. (2002). The Emergence of Lowest-Low Fertility in Europe during the 1990s. Population and Development Review, 28 (4), 641–680. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2002.00641.x
  28. Lesthaeghe, R. (2020). The Second Demographic Transition, 1986–2020: Sub-replacement Fertility and Rising Cohabitation—A Global Update. Genus, 76, 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00077-4
  29. Matysiak, A., & Vignoli, D. (2008). Fertility and Women's Employment: A Meta-analysis. European Journal of Population, 24(4), 363–384.
  30. Matysiak, A. (2009). Employment First, then Childbearing: Women's Strategy. Population Studies, 63(3), 253–276
  31. Matysiak, A., & Vignoli, D. (2013). Diverse Effects of Women's Employment on Fertility: Insights from Italy and Poland / Diverses conséquences de l’emploi des femmes sur la fécondité: quelques informations à partir des cas de l’Italie et de la Pologne. European Journal of Population / Revue Européenne de Démographie, 29(3), 273–302. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42636118
  32. Mishra, V., & Smyth, R. (2010). Female Labour Force Participation and Total Fertility Rates in the OECD: New Evidence from Panel Cointegration and Granger Causality Testing. Journal of Economics and Business, 62, 48–64.
  33. Myrskylä, M., Kohler, H.P., & Billari, F. (2009). Advances in Development Reverse Fertility Declines. Nature, 460, 741–743. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08230
  34. Beck, N., & Katz., J.N. (2001). Throwing Out the Baby with the Bathwater: A Comment on Green, Yoon, and Kim. International Organization, 55, 487–95.
  35. Ni Bhrolchain, M. (1986). Women's Paid Work and the Timing of Births. Longitudinal Evidence. European Journal of Population, 2(1), 43–70.
  36. Ní Bhrolcháin, M., & Beaujouan, É. (2012). Fertility Postponement Is Largely due to rising educational Enrolment. Population Studies, 66(3), 311–327.
  37. OECD Family Database (2022). https://www.oecd.org/els/family/database.htm (Accessed on 15 March 2022)
  38. OECD (2022a), Fertility Rates (indicator). doi: 10.1787/8272fb01-en (Accessed on 17 February 2022)
  39. OECD (2022b), Labour Force Participation Rate (indicator). doi: 10.1787/8a801325-en (Accessed on 16 February 2022)
  40. OECD (2022c), Part-time Employment Rate (indicator). doi: 10.1787/f2ad596c-en (Accessed on 18 February 2022)
  41. OECD (2022d), Gender Wage Gap (indicator). doi: 10.1787/7cee77aa-en (Accessed on 18 February 2022)
  42. OECD (2023), “Labour Market Statistics: Labour Force Statistics by Sex and Age: Indicators”; OECD Employment and Labour Market Statistics (database). https://doi.org/10.1787/data-00310-en (accessed on 24 March 2023).
  43. Oláh, L.S., Kotowska, I.E., & Richter R. (2018). The new roles of men and women and implications for families and societies. In Doblhammer G., Gumà J. (Eds.), A Demographic Perspective on Gender, Family and Health in Europe (pp. 41–64). Switzerland: Springer, Cham.
  44. Oppenheimer, V.-K. (1977). The Sociology of Women's Economic Role in the Family. American Sociological Review, 42(3), 387–406. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094746
  45. Oppenheimer, V.K. (1997). Women's Employment and the Gain to Marriage: The Specialization and Trading Model. Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 431–453. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2952559
  46. Oshio, T. (2019). Is a Positive Association between Female Employment and Fertility Still Spurious in Developed Countries? Demographic Research, 41, 1277–1288. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.45
  47. Rindfuss, R.R., Guzzo, K.B., & Morgan, S.P. (2003). The Changing Institutional Context of Low Fertility. Population Research and Policy Review, 22, 411–438. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:POPU.0000020877.96401.b3
  48. Roustaei, Z., Räisänen, S., Gissler, M., & Heinonen, S. (2019). Fertility Rates and the Postponement of First Births: A Descriptive Study with Finnish Population Data. BMJ Open, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026336
  49. Skrondal, A., & Rabe-Hesketh, S. (2004). Generalized Latent Variable Modelling: Multilevel, Longitudinal, and Structural Equation Models, 1st ed. Boca Raton, Florida: Chapman and Hall/CRC. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203489437
  50. Sobotka, T., Skirbekk, V., & Philipov, D. (2011). Economic Recession and Fertility in the Developed World. Population and Development Review, 37(2), 267–306. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00411.x
  51. Subramaniam, T., Loganathan, N., Devadason, E.S., & Majid, M. (2018). Causality between Female Fertility and Female Labour Force Participation in Asean-5. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 23(1),47–63. https://doi.org/10.22452/jati.vol23no1.3
  52. Taniguchi, H. (1999). The Timing of Childbearing and Women's Wages. Journal of Marriage and Family, 61(4), 1008–1019. https://doi.org/10.2307/354020
  53. Thévenon, O. (2011). Family Policies in OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis. Population and Development Review, 37(1), 57–87.
  54. Thévenon, O. (2013). Drivers of Female Labour Force Participation in the OECD. OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, No. 145, Paris: OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k46cvrgnms6-en
  55. Thornton, A. (2005). Reading History Sideways – The Fallacy and Enduring Impact of the Development Paradigm on Family Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  56. Uberti, L.J. & Douarin, E. (2023). The Feminisation U, Cultural Norms, and the Plough. Journal of Population Economics, 36(1), 5–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-022-00890-5
  57. United Nations Development Programme. (2020). Human Development Report. New York: United Nations Development Programme. https://iran.un.org/sites/default/files/2021-05/UNDP-Annual-Report-2020-en.pdf
  58. Vignoli, D., Minello, A., Bazzani, G., Matera, C., & Rapallini, C. (2022). Narratives of the Future Affect Fertility: Evidence from a Laboratory Experiment. European Journal of Population / Revue Europeanne de Demographie, 38(1), 93–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-021-09602-3
  59. Wagner, A. K., Soumerai, S. B., Zhang, F., & Ross-Degnan, D. (2002). Segmented Regression Analysis of Interrupted Time Series Studies in Medication Use Research. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 27(4), 299–309. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00430.x
  60. Wagner, A. K., Soumerai, S. B., Zhang, F., & Ross-Degnan, D. (2002). Segmented Regression Analysis of Interrupted Time Series Studies in mMedication Use Research. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 27(4), 299–309. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00430.x
  61. Waldfogel, J. (1997). The Effect of Children on Women's Wages. American Sociological Review, 62(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657300
  62. Wooldridge, J. M. (2002). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ceej-2023-0015 | Journal eISSN: 2543-6821 | Journal ISSN: 2544-9001
Language: English
Page range: 254 - 274
Published on: Oct 8, 2023
Published by: Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2023 Miloš Milovanović, published by Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.