SWOT and AHP-Based Analysis of the Reality of Irrigation Projects’ Water Conveyance Systems in Iraq

This study evaluates the main challenges facing open and closed water conveyance systems, where expert opinions vary. A SWOT-based questionnaire was conducted with 80 experts from diverse fields over three rounds. Two major irrigation projects—the Al Hussainiya Land Reclamation Project (HLRP) and the Abu Ghraib Irrigation Project (AGIP)—were selected as case studies. An Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model was developed to identify and prioritize key decision-making criteria. Findings revealed major weaknesses, including high conveyance losses, delays in upgrading from unlined to lined or closed canals, lack of integrated maintenance planning, and shortage of specialized technical staff. These issues have led to neglect in many projects. The study highlights the importance of reducing losses and modernizing systems. Combining SWOT and AHP provides a structured, scientific basis for evaluating conveyance methods and generating practical recommendations for improving water resource management in semi-arid regions.