References
- Fang, C., Q. Zhang, W. Sun, Y. Ma, Z. Chen. Survey of Learning-Based Automated Program Repair. – ACM Trans. Software Eng. Methodol., Vol. 33, 2023, No 2, pp. 1-69.
- Ye, H., M. Monperrus. Iter: Iterative Neural Repair for Multi-Location Patches. – In: Proc. of 46th IEEE/ACM Int. Conf. on Software Engineering (ICSE’24), 2024, pp. 1-13.
- Kim, Y., Y. Park, S. Han, J. Yi. Enhancing the Efficiency of Automated Program Repair via Greybox Analysis. – In: Proc. of 39th IEEE/ACM Int. Conf. on Automated Software Engineering (ASE’24), 2024, pp. 1719-1731.
- Chen, X., D. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Z. Cui, C. Ni. Software Defect Number Prediction: Unsupervised vs Supervised Methods. – Inf. Software Technol., Vol. 106, 2019, pp. 161-181.
- Durieux, T., F. Madeiral, M. Martinez, R. Abreu. Empirical Review of Java Program Repair Tools: A Large-Scale Experiment on 2141 Bugs and 23,551 Repair Attempts. – In: Proc. of ESEC/FSE’2019, 2019, pp. 302-313.
- Rana, M. R. R., A. Nawaz, T. Ali, A. S. Alattas, D. S. AbdElminaam. Sentiment Analysis of Product Reviews Using Transformer-Enhanced 1D-CNN and BiLSTM. – Cybernetics and Information Technologies, Vol. 24, 2024, No 3, pp. 450-465.
- Feng, Z., D. Guo, D. Tang, N. Duan, X. Feng, M. Zhou, L. Shou. CodeBERT: A Pre-Trained Model for Programming and Natural Languages. – In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EMNLP’2020), 2020, pp. 1536-1547.
- Jabrw, S. K., Q. I. Sarhan. A Systematic Survey on Large Language Models for Code Generation. – ARO – The Scientific Journal of Koya University, Vol. 13, 2025, No 2, pp. 83-99.
- Dikici, S., T. T. Bilgin. Advancements in Automated Program Repair: A Comprehensive Review. – Knowledge and Information Systems, Vol. 67, 2025, No 6, pp. 4737-4783.
- Yin, X., C. Ni, S. Wang, Z. Li, L. Zeng, X. Yang. ThinkRepair: Self-Directed Automated Program Repair. – In: Proc. of 33rd ACM SIGSOFT Int. Symp. on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA’24), 2024, pp. 1274-1286.
- Kong, J., X. Xie, S. Liu. Demystifying Memorization in LLM-Based Program Repair via a General Hypothesis Testing Framework. – Proc. ACM Software Eng., Vol. 2, 2025, No FSE, pp. 2712-2734.
- Guan, H., G. Bai, Y. Liu. CrossProbe: LLM-Empowered Cross-Project Bug Detection for Deep Learning Frameworks. – Proc. ACM Software Eng., Vol. 2, 2025, No ISSTA, pp. 2430-2452.
- Farid, A. B., E. M. Fathy, A. S. Eldin, L. A. Abd-Elmegid. Software Defect Prediction Using a Hybrid Model (CBIL) of CNN and Bi-LSTM. – PeerJ Comput. Sci., Vol. 7, 2021, p. e739.
- Xu, W., C. Huang, S. Gao, S. Shang. LLM-Based Agents for Tool Learning: A Survey. – Data Sci. Eng., 2025, pp. 1-31.
- Saavedra, N., A. Silva, M. Monperrus. GitBug-Actions: Building Reproducible Bug-Fix Benchmarks with GitHub Actions. – In: Proc. ICSE Companion, 2024, pp. 1-5.
- Yang, D., etal. Where Were the Repair Ingredients for Defects4J Bugs? Exploring the Impact of Repair Ingredient Retrieval on the Performance of 24 Program Repair Systems. – Empir. Software Eng., Vol. 26, 2021, No 6, p. 122.
- Rafi, M. N., A. R. Chen, T.-H. P. Chen, S. Wang. Revisiting Defects4J for Fault Localization in Diverse Development Scenarios. – In: Proc. of 22nd IEEE/ACM Int. Conf. on Mining Software Repositories (MSR’25), 2025, pp. 63-75.
- Lopez-Duran, N., D. Romero-Organvidez, F. L. Cruz, D. Benavides. Software Bug Report Dataset from Eclipse Projects. – Data in Brief, Vol. 62, 2025, 112016.
- Ferenc, R., Z. Tóth, G. Ladányi, I. Siket, T. Gyimóthy. A Public Unified Bug Dataset for Java and Its Assessment Regarding Metrics and Bug Prediction. – Software Qual. J., Vol. 28, 2020, pp. 1447-1506.
- Saha, R. K., Y. Lyu, W. Lam, H. Yoshida, M. R. Prasad. Bugs.jar: A Large-Scale, Diverse Dataset of Real-World Java Bugs. – In: Proc. of 15th Int. Conf. on Mining Software Repositories (MSR’18), 2018, pp. 10-13.
- Madeiral, F., S. Urli, M. Maia, M. Monperrus. Bears: An Extensible Java Bug Benchmark for Automatic Program Repair Studies. – In: Proc. of 26th IEEE Int. Conf. on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER’19), 2019, pp. 468-478.
- Karampatsis, R.-M., C. Sutton. How Often Do Single-Statement Bugs Occur? The Many SStuBs4J Dataset. – In: Proc. of 17th Int. Conf. on Mining Software Repositories (MSR’20), 2020, pp. 573-577.
- Abdollahpour, M. M., M. Ashtiani, F. Bakhshi. Automatic Software Code Repair Using Deep Learning Techniques. – Software Qual. J., Vol. 32, 2024, No 2, pp. 361-390.
- Li, X., D. Li, M. Zhao, W. E. Wong, H. Li. Learning-Based Patch Overfitting Detection: A Survey. – J. Internet Technol., Vol. 26, 2025, No 1, pp. 53-64
- Le, X. B. D., F. Thung, D. Lo, C. LeGoues. Overfitting in Semantics-Based Automated Program Repair. – Empirical Software Engineering, Vol. 23, 2018, No 5, pp. 2941-2973.
- Liu, K., etal. TrickyBugs: A Dataset of Corner-Case Bugs in Plausible Programs. – In: Proc. of 21st Int. Conf. on Mining Software Repositories (MSR’24), 2024, pp. 113-117.
- Tan, S. H., J. Yi, S. Mechtaev, A. Roychoudhury. Codeflaws: A Programming Competition Benchmark for Evaluating Automated Program Repair Tools. – In: Proc. of ICSE-Companion, 2017, pp. 180-182.
- Lin, D., J. Koppel, A. Chen, A. Solar-Lezama. QuixBugs: A Multi-Lingual Program Repair Benchmark Set Based on the Quixey Challenge. – In: Proc. of SPLASH Companion, 2017, pp. 55-56.
- Ye, H., M. Martinez, T. Durieux, M. Monperrus. A Comprehensive Study of Automatic Program Repair on the QuixBugs Benchmark. – J. Syst. Softw., Vol. 171, 2021, 110825.
- Ahmed, A., H. Qaiser. Bug Classification Using CNN-LSTM in Open-Source Software Systems. – Computer Science Review, Vol. 37, Article 2020, 100234.
- Khurma, R. A., H. Alsawalqah, I. Aljarah, M. A. Elaziz, R. Damaševičius. An Enhanced Evolutionary Software Defect Prediction Method Using Island Moth Flame Optimization. – Mathematics, Vol. 9, 2021, No 15, 1722.
- Rahim, A., Z. Hayat, M. Abbas, A. Rahim, M. A. Rahim. Software Defect Prediction with Naïve Bayes Classifier. – In: Proc. of Int. Bhurban Conf. on Applied Sciences and Technologies (IBCAST’21), 2021, pp. 293-297.
- Uddin, M. N., B. Li, Z. Ali, P. Kefalas, I. Khan, I. Zada. Software Defect Prediction Employing BiLSTM and BERT-Based Semantic Feature. – Software Comput., Vol. 26, 2022, No 16, pp. 7877-7891.
- Zaidi, S. F. A., H. Woo, C.-G. Lee. A Graph Convolution Network-Based Bug Triage System to Learn Heterogeneous Graph Representation of Bug Reports. – IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 2022, pp. 20677-20689.
- Lin, B., R. Wang, Z. Shen, J. Jiang, L. Li, X. Gu. One Size Does Not Fit All: Multi-Granularity Patch Generation for Better Automated Program Repair. – In: Proc. of 46th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE’24), IEEE/ACM, 2024, pp. 1546-1557. DOI: 10.1145/3597503.3623406.
- Xia, C. S., L. Zhang. Automated Program Repair via Conversation: Fixing 162 out of 337 Bugs for $0.42 Each Using ChatGPT. – In: Proc. of ISSTA’24, 2024, pp. 819-831.
- Chen, H. SynergyBug: A Deep Learning Approach to Autonomous Debugging and Code Remediation. – Scientific Reports, Vol. 15, 2025, 24888. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-08226-5.
- Bouzenia, I., P. Devanbu, M. Pradel. RepairAgent: An Autonomous LLM-Based Agent for Program Repair. – Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering, Vol. 2, 2025, No ICSE, pp. 1-15.
- Al-Bataineh, O. I., L. Moonen, L. Vidziunas. Extending the Range of Bugs that Automated Program Repair Can Handle. – J. Syst. Software, Vol. 209, 2024, 111918.
- Liu, K., etal. A Critical Review on the Evaluation of Automated Program Repair Systems. – J. Syst. Software, Vol. 171, 2021, 110817.
- Ouyang, Y., J. Yang, L. Zhang. An Empirical Study on the Suitability of Test-Based Patch Acceptance Criteria. – ACM Trans. Software Eng. Methodol., Vol. 34, 2025, No 4, pp. 1-28.
- Oyo-Ita, E., E. A. Edim, A. O. Otiko, D. E. Izuki. Improving Model Performance for Software Defect Detection and Prediction Using an Ensemble Method and Cross-Validation Techniques. – Int. J. Sci. Res. Archive, Vol. 12, 2024, No 2, 10.30574.
- Kang, S., J. Wang, T. Zhang, G. Meng, Z. Wang. AutoSD: Explainable Automated Debugging with Large Language Models. – Empirical Software Engineering, Vol. 30, 2025, No 2, pp. 1-32.
- Bello, R.-W., S. J. Tobi. Software Bugs: Detection, Analysis, and Fixing. – Analysis and Fixing, 2023.
- Niu, F., C. Li, K. Liu, X. Xia, D. Lo. When Deep Learning Meets IR-Based Bug Localization: A Survey. – ACM Comput. Surv., Vol. 57, 2025, No 11, pp. 1-41.
- Akimova, E. N., et al. A Survey on Software Defect Prediction Using Deep Learning. – Mathematics, Vol. 9, 2021, No 11, 1180.
- Zhang, H., Z. Li, J. Li, Z. Jin, G. Li. WELL: Applying Bug Detectors to Bug Localization via Weakly Supervised Learning. – J. Software: Evol. Process, Vol. 36, 2024, No 9, e2669.
- Viswanadhapalli, V. Automated Bug Detection and Resolution Using Deep Learning: A New Paradigm in Software Engineering. – Int. J. Eng. Comput. Sci., Vol. 13, 2024, No 4.
- Prasad, R. D., M. Srivenkatesh. Evaluating RNNs and Transformers for Code-Related Tasks, Including Bug Detection, Code Completion, and Summarization. – J. Theor. Appl. Inf. Technol., Vol. 102, 2024, No 21.
- Kukkar, A., R. Mohana, A. Nayyar, J. Kim, B.-G. Kang, N. Chilamkurti. A Novel Deep-Learning-Based Bug Severity Classification Technique Using CNN and Random Forest with Boosting. – Sensors, Vol. 19, 2019, No 13, 2964.
- Hoffman, I., N. Brooks. Automated Bug Detection and Correction in Software Development Using Machine Learning. – Int. J. Adv. Comput. Theory Eng., Vol. 12, 2023, No 1, pp. 15-21.
- Kesavan, E. Software Bug Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms: An Empirical Study on Code Quality and Reliability. – Int. J. Innovations Sci. Eng. Manag., 2025, pp. 377-381.
- Albattah, W., M. Alzahrani. Software Defect Prediction Based on Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques: An Empirical Approach. – AI, Vol. 5, 2024, No 4, pp. 1743-1758.
- Parvathy, R., M. Thushara. AST-Based and Token-Based Neural Networks for Source Code Classification: A Comparative Performance Analysis. – In: Proc. of 15th Int. Conf. on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT’24), 2024, pp. 1-7.
- Zhang, X., M. Guo, Z. Chen, Y. Zhang, T. Ju, B. Xiao. Exploring Extended Abstract Syntax Tree Encoding for Enhancing Code Vulnerability Detection. – SSRN 4951333.
- Li, Z., D. Zou, S. Xu, H. Jin, Y. Zhu, Z. Chen. SySeVR: A Framework for Using Deep Learning to Detect Software Vulnerabilities. – IEEE Trans. Dependable Secure Comput., Vol. 19, 2021, No 4, pp. 2244-2258.
- Zaidi, S. M. H., M. Khan, M. Latif, A. Akhtar, S. Khan. Use of Deep Learning in Early Software Bug Detection. – Mehran Univ. Res. J. Eng. Technol., Vol. 44, 2025, No 3, pp. 141-151.
- Pradel, M., K. Sen. DeepBugs: A Learning Approach to Name-Based Bug Detection. – Proc. ACM Program. Lang., Vol. 2, 2018, No OOPSLA, pp. 1-25.
- Yang, Y., X. Xia, D. Lo, J. Grundy. A Survey on Deep Learning for Software Engineering. – ACM Comput. Surv., Vol. 54, 2022, No 10s, pp. 1-73.
- Casey, B., J. C. Santos, G. Perry. A Survey of Source Code Representations for ML-Based Cybersecurity Tasks. – ACM Comput. Surv., Vol. 57, 2025, No 8, pp. 1-41.
- Zhang, J., etal. Detecting Condition-Related Bugs with a Control-Flow Graph Neural Network. – In: Proc. of ISSTA’23, 2023, pp. 1370-1382.
- Zhou, Y., S. Liu, J. Siow, X. Du, Y. Liu. Devign: Effective Vulnerability Identification by Learning Comprehensive Program Semantics via Graph Neural Networks. – NeurIPS, Vol. 32, 2019.
- Fu, M., C. Tantithamthavorn. LineVul: A Transformer-Based Line-Level Vulnerability Prediction. – In: Proc. of 19th Int. Conf. on Mining Software Repositories (MSR’22), 2022, pp. 608-620.
- Cheng, X., H. Wang, J. Hua, G. Xu, Y. Sui. DeepWukong: Statically Detecting Software Vulnerabilities Using a Deep Graph Neural Network. – ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol. (TOSEM), Vol. 30, 2021, No 3, pp. 1-33.
- DeKraker, W., H. Vranken, A. Hommersom. MultiGLICE: Combining Graph Neural Networks and Program Slicing for Multiclass Software Vulnerability Detection. – Computers, Vol. 14, 2025, No 3, p. 98.
- Pan, C., M. Lu, B. Xu. An Empirical Study on Software Defect Prediction Using the CodeBERT Model. – Appl. Sci., Vol. 11, 2021, No 11, 4793.
- Li, Y., etal. A Knowledge-Enhanced Large Language Model for Bug Localization. – Proc. ACM Softw. Eng., Vol. 2, 2025, No FSE, pp. 1914-1936.
- Wang, Y., W. Wang, S. Joty, S. C. Hoi. CodeT5: Identifier-Aware Unified Pre-Trained Encoder-Decoder Models for Code Understanding and Generation. – arXiv:2109.00859, 2021.
- Huang, K., J. Zhang, X. Bao, X. Wang, Y. Li u. Comprehensive Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models of Code for Automated Program Repair. – IEEE Trans. Software Eng., 2025.
- Vokhranov, I., B. Bulakh. Transformer-Based Models Application for Bug Detection in Source Code. – Technol. Audit Prod. Reserves, Vol. 5, 2024, No 2(79), pp. 6-15.
- Moenks, N., P. Penava, R. Buettner. A Systematic Literature Review of Large Language Model Applications in Industry. – IEEE Access, 2025.
- Chen, Z., S. Kommrusch, M. Tufano, L.-N. Pouchet, D., Poshyvanyk, M., Monperrus. Sequencer: Sequence-to-Sequence Learning for End-to-End Program Repair. – IEEE Trans. Software Eng., Vol. 47, 2019, No 9, pp. 1943-1959.
- Vassilev, M., V. Vassilev, A. Penev. IDD – A Platform Enabling Differential Debugging. – Cybernetics and Information Technologies, Vol. 20, 2020, No 1, pp. 29-43.
- Lutellier, T., H. V. Pham, L. Pang, Y. Li, M. Wei, L. Tan. COCONUT: Combining Context-Aware Neural Translation Models Using an Ensemble for Program Repair. – In: Proc. of ISSTA’20, 2020, pp. 101-114.
- Li, Y., S. Wang, T. N. Nguyen. DEAR: A Novel Deep Learning-Based Approach for Automated Program Repair. – In: Proc. of 44th Int. Conf. on Software Engineering (ICSE’22), 2022, pp. 511-523.
- Liu, K., A. Koyuncu, D. Kim, T. F. Bissyandé. TBar: Revisiting Template-Based Automated Program Repair. – In: Proc. of ISSTA’19, 2019, pp. 31-42.
- Huang, S., X. Zhou, S. Chin. Application of seq2seq Models on Code Correction. – Front. Artif. Intell., Vol. 4, 2021, 590215.
- DMonperrus, M. Sequencer: Sequence-to-Sequence Learning for End-to-End Program Repair. – IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 47, 2019, No 9, pp. 1943-1959.
- Hossain, S. B., et al. A Deep Dive into Large Language Models for Automated Bug Localization and Repair. – Proc. ACM Software Eng., Vol. 1, 2024, No FSE, pp. 1471-1493.
- Xia, C. S., L. Zhang. Less Training, More Repairing Please: Revisiting Automated Program Repair via Zero-Shot Learning. – In: Proc. of ESEC/FSE’22, 2022, pp. 959-971.
- Li, F., J. Jiang, J. Sun, H. Zhang. Hybrid Automated Program Repair by Combining Large Language Models and Program Analysis. – ACM Trans. Software Eng. Methodol., Vol. 34, 2025, No 7, pp. 1-28.
- Jiang, N., T. Lutellier, L. Tan. CURE: Code-Aware Neural Machine Translation for Automatic Program Repair. – In: Proc. of ICSE’21, 2021, pp. 1161-1173.
- Ye, H., M. Martinez, M. Monperrus. Automated Patch Assessment for Program Repair at Scale. – Empir. Software Eng., Vol. 26, 2021, No 2, p. 20.
- Zhu, H.-N., C. Rubio-González. On the Reproducibility of Software Defect Datasets. – In: Proc. of ICSE’23, 2023, pp. 2324-2335.
- Tufano, M., C. Watson, G. Bavota, M. diPenta, M. White, D. Poshyvanyk. An Empirical Study on Learning Bug-Fixing Patches in the Wild via Neural Machine Translation. – ACM Trans. Software Eng. Methodol., Vol. 28, 2019, No 4, pp. 1-29.
- Renzullo, J., P. Reiter, W. Weimer, S. Forrest. Automated Program Repair: Emerging Trends Pose and Expose Problems for Benchmarks. – ACM Comput. Surv., Vol. 57, 2025, No 8, pp. 1-18.
- Vaithilingam, P., T. Zhang, E. L. Glassman. Expectation vs Experience: Evaluating the Usability of Code Generation Tools Powered by Large Language Models. – In: Proc. of CHI EA, 2022, pp. 1-7.
- Ouyang, Y., J. Yang, L. Zhang. Benchmarking Automated Program Repair: An Extensive Study on Both Real-World and Artificial Bugs. – In: Proc. of ISSTA’24, 2024, pp. 440-452.
- Ahmed, I., etal. Artificial Intelligence for Software Engineering: The Journey so far and the Road Ahead. – ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol., Vol. 34, 2025, No 5, pp. 1-27.
- Khati, D., Y. Liu, D. N. Palacio, Y. Zhang, D. Poshyvanyk. Mapping the Trust Terrain: LLMs in Software Engineering – Insights and Perspectives. – ACM Trans. Software Eng. Methodol., 2025.
- Yang, D., Y. Lei, X. Mao, Y. Qi, X. Yi. Seeing the Whole Elephant: Systematically Understanding and Uncovering Evaluation Biases in Automated Program Repair. – ACM Trans. Software Eng. Methodol., Vol. 32, 2023, No 3, pp. 1-37.
- Bui, Q.-C., R. Paramitha, D.-L. Vu, F. Massacci, R. Scandariato. APR4Vul: An Empirical Study of Automatic Program Repair Techniques on Real-World Java Vulnerabilities. – Empir. Software Eng., Vol. 29, 2024, No 1, 18.
- Eladawy, H., C. LeGoues, Y. Brun. Automated Program Repair – What Is It Good for? Not Absolutely Nothing! – In: Proc. of ICSE’24, 2024, pp. 1-13.
- Xu, P., B. Kuang, M. Su, A. F u. Survey of Large-Language-Model-Based Automated Program Repair. – J. Comput. Res. Dev., Vol. 62, 2025, No 8, pp. 2040-2057.
- Oshi, H., J. C. Sanchez, S. Gulwani, V. Le, G. Verbruggen, I. Radiček. Repair is Nearly Generation: Multilingual Program Repair with LLMs. – In: Proc. AAAI, Vol. 37, 2023, No 4, pp. 5131-5140.
- Sotto-Mayor, B., M. Kalech. A Survey on Transfer Learning for Cross-Project Defect Prediction. – IEEE Access, Vol. 12, 2024, pp. 93398-93425.
- Zemin, L., etal. An Empirical Study on the Suitability of Test-Based Patch Acceptance Criteria. – ACM Trans. Software Eng. Methodol., Vol. 34, 2025, No 3, pp. 1-20.
