Blockchain-Enabled Supply-Chain in Crop Production Framework

Radeva, Irina; Popchev, Ivan

doi:10.2478/cait-2022-0010

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to propose an approach to blockchain-enabled supply-chain model for a smart crop production framework. The defined tasks are: (1) analysis of blockchain ecosystem as a network of stakeholders and as an infrastructure of technical and logical elements; (2) definition of a supply-chain model; (3) design of blockchain reference infrastructure; (4) description of blockchain information channels with smart contracts basic functionalities. The results presented include: а supply-chain model facilitating seeds certification process, monitoring and supervision of the grain process, provenance and as optional interactions with regulatory bodies, logistics and financial services; the three level blockchain reference infrastructure and a blockchain-enabled supply-chain supporting five information channels with nine participants and smart contracts. An account management user application tool, the general descriptions of smart contract basic functionalities and a selected parts of one smart contract code are provided as examples.

References

1. Shakhbulatov, D., J. Medina, Z. Dong, R. Rojas-Cessa. How Blockchain Enhances Supply-Chain Management: A Survey. – In: IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society, Vol. 1, 2020, pp. 230-249. DOI: 10.1109/OJCS.2020.3025313.10.1109/OJCS.2020.3025313
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
2. Maouriyanand, N., A. A. Krishna. Aquachain-Watersupply-Chain-Management Using Distributed Ledger Technology. – In: Proc. of 3rd International Conference on Computing and Communications Technologies (ICCCT’19), 2019, pp. 204-207.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
3. Kamilaris, A., A. Fonts, F. X. Prenafeta-Boldν. The Rise of Blockchain Technology in Agriculture and Food Supply-Chains. – Trends in Food Science & Technology, Vol. 91, 2019, pp. 640-652.10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.034
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
4. O’Leary, D. E. Configuring Blockchain Architectures for Transaction in Formation in Blockchain Consortiums: The Case of Accounting and Supply-Chain Systems. – Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management, Vol. 24, 2017, No 4, pp. 138-147.10.1002/isaf.1417
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
5. Abeyratne, S. A., R. P. Monfared. Blockchain Ready Manufacturing Supply-Chain Using Distributed Ledger. 2016.10.15623/ijret.2016.0509001
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
6. Korpela, K., J. Hallikas, T. Dahlberg. Digital Supply-Chain Transformation toward Blockchain Integration. – In: Proc. of 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2017.10.24251/HICSS.2017.506
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
7. Jabbari, A., P. Kaminsky. Blockchain and Supply-Chain Management. White Paper – Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, 2018.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
8. Hackius, N., M. Petersen. Blockchain in Logistics and Supply-Chain: Trick or Treat? – In: Proc. of Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL’17), 2017, pp. 3-18.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
9. Wingreen, S., R. Sharma, et al. A Blockchain Traceability Information System for Trust Improvement in Agricultural Supply-Chain. – In: Proc. of 27th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS’19), 2019.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
10. Gonczol, P., P. Katsikouli, L. Herskind, N. Dragoni. Blockchain Implementations and Use Cases for Supply-Chains – A Survey. – IEEE Access, 2020, pp. 1-1. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2964880. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338467246_Blockchain_Implementations_and_Use_Cases_for_Supply_Chains_-_A_Survey10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2964880
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
11. Behnke, K., J. Marijn. Boundary Conditions for Traceability in Food Supply-Chains Using Blockchain Technology. – International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 52, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.025.10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.025
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
12. Leng, K., Y. Bi, L. Jing, H.-C. Fu, I. Van Nieuwenhuyse. Research on Agricultural Supply-Chain System with Double Chain Architecture Based on Blockchain Technology. – Future Generation Computer Systems, Vol. 86, 2018, pp. 641-649.10.1016/j.future.2018.04.061
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
13. Wingreen, S., R. Sharma, et al. A Blockchain Traceability Information System for Trust Improvement in Agricultural Supply-Chain. – In: Proc. of 27th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS’19), 2019.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
14. Caro, M. P., M. S. Ali, M. Vecchio, R. Giaffreda. Blockchain-Based Traceability in Agri-Food Supply-Chain Management: A Practical Implementation. – IoT Vertical and Topical Summit on Agriculture-Tuscany (IOT Tuscany), 2018, pp. 1-4.10.1109/IOT-TUSCANY.2018.8373021
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
15. Rakic, B., T. Levak, Z. Drev, S. Savic, A. Veljkovic. First Purpose Built Protocol for Supply-Chains Based on Blockchain. – OriginTrail, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Tech. Rep, Vol. 1, 2017.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
16. Wu, H., Z. Li, B. King, Z. Ben Miled, J. Wassick, J. Tazelaar. A Distributed Ledger for Supply-Chain Physical Distribution Visibility. – Information, Vol. 8, 2017, No 4, p. 137.10.3390/info8040137
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
17. Toyoda, K., P. T. Mathiopoulos, I. Sasase, T. Ohtsuki. A Novel Blockchain-Based Product Ownership Management System (POMS) for Anticounterfeits in the Post Supply-Chain. – IEEE Access, Vol. 5, 2017, pp. 17465-17477.10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2720760
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
18. Lin, Qijun, Huaizhen Wang, Xiaofu Pei, Junyu Wang. Food Safety Traceability System Based on Blockchain and EPCIS. – IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 2019, pp. 20698-20707.10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2897792
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
19. Mao, D., Z. Hao, F. Wang, H. Li. Innovative Blockchain-Based Approach for Sustainable and Credible Environment in Food Trade: A Case Study in Shandong Province, China. – Sustainability, Vol. 10, 2018, 3149.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
20. Baralla, G., A. Pinna, G. Corrias. Ensure Traceability in European Food Supply-Chain by Using a Blockchain System. – In: Proc. of IEEE/ACM 2nd International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Software Engineering for Blockchain (WETSEB’19), IEEE, 2019, pp. 40-47.10.1109/WETSEB.2019.00012
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
21. Helo, P., A. Shamsuzzoha. Real-Time Supply-Chain a Blockchain Architecture for Project Deliveries. – Robot. Comput. Integrated Manuf., Vol. 63, 2020, 101909.10.1016/j.rcim.2019.101909
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
22. Knirsch, F., A. Unterweger, D. Engel. Implementing a Blockchain from Scratch: Why, How, and What we Learned. – EURASIP J. Inform. Secur. 2019, Vol. 2, 2019.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
23. Xu, X., Q. Lu, Y. Liu, L. Zhu, H. Yao, A. V. Vasilakos. Designing Blockchain-Based Applications a Case Study for Imported Product Traceability. – Future Gener. Comput. Syst., Vol. 92, 2019, pp. 399-406.10.1016/j.future.2018.10.010
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
24. Jabbar, S., H. Lloyd, M. Hammoudeh, B. Adebisi, U. Raza. Blockchain-Enabled Supply-Chain: Analysis, Challenges, and Future Directions. – Multimedia Systems, Vol. 27, 2021, pp. 787-806. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-020-00687-010.1007/s00530-020-00687-0
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
25. Radeva, I. Blockchains: Practical Approaches. – Engineering Sciences, Vol. LIX, 2022, No 1, pp. 3-23. Print ISSN:1312-5702, Online ISSN: 2603-3542, DOI: 10.7546/EngSci.LVIII.21.01.02. http://es.ims.bg/indexx.htm10.7546/EngSci.LVIII.21.01.02
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
26. Popchev, I., I. Radeva. Decision Making Model for Disruptive Technologies in Agriculture. – In: Proc. of 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS’20), Varna, Bulgaria, IEEE Xplore, 2020, pp. 258-264. ISBN: 978-1-7281-5456-5, ISSN: 1541-1672, DOI:10.1109/IS48319.2020.9199962.10.1109/IS48319.2020.9199962
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
27. Popchev, I., I. Radeva, I. Nikolova. Aspects of the Evolution from Risk Management to Enterprise Global Risk Management. – Engineering Sciences, Vol. LVII, 2021, No 1, pp. 16-30. Print ISSN: 1312-5702, Online ISSN: 2603-3542, DOI: 10.7546/EngSciLVIII.21.01.02. http://es.ims.bg/indexx.htm
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
28. Popchev, I., I. Radeva, V. Velichkova. Blockchains in Enterprise Global Risk Management. – In: Proc. of International IEEE Conference Automatics and Informatics 2021 (ICAI’21), 30 September-2 October 2021, Varna, Bulgaria, IEEE Xplore (in Print).10.1109/ICAI52893.2021.9639500
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
29. Popchev, I., I. Radeva, V. Velichkova. The Impact of Blockchain on Internal Audit. – In: Proc. of 2021 Big Data, Knowledge and Control Systems Engineering (BdKCSE’21), 2021, pp. 1-8. DOI: 10.1109/BdKCSE53180.2021.9627276.10.1109/BdKCSE53180.2021.9627276
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
30. Ilieva, G., T. Yankova, I. Radeva, I. Popchev. Blockchain Software Selection as a Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Problem. – Computers, Vol. 10, 2021, No 10, pp. 1-24. MDPI, ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, Basel, Switzerland, CH-4052. ISSN: 2073-431X, DOI: 10.3390/computers10100120. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/10/10/12010.3390/computers10100120
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
31. Popchev, I., D. Orozova. Text Mining in the Domain of Plant Genetic Resources. – In: Proc. of 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS’20), Varna, Bulgaria, IEEE Xplore, 2020, pp. 596-600. ISBN: 978-1-7281-5456-5, ISSN: 1541-1672. DOI:10.1109/IS48319.2020.9200174.10.1109/IS48319.2020.9200174
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
32. Krasteva, I., T. Glushkova, N. Moraliyska, N. Velcheva. A Blockchain-Based Model of Genbank Store System. – In: Proc. of 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS’20), Varna, Bulgaria, 2020, pp. 606-611. https://doi.org/10.1109/IS48319.2020.920013310.1109/IS48319.2020.9200133
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
33. Krasteva, I., T. Glushkova, A. Stoyanova-Doycheva, N. Moraliyska, L. Doukovska, I. Radeva. Blockchain Based Approach to Supply-Chain Modeling in a Smart Farming System. – In: Proc. of International IEEE Conference Big Data, Knowledge and Control Systems Engineering (BdKCSE’21), Sofia, Bulgaria, October 28-29, 2021, IEEE Xplore (in Print).10.1109/BdKCSE53180.2021.9627309
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
34. Stoyanov, S., T. Glushkova, I. Popchev, L. Doukovska. Virtualization of Things in a Smart Agriculture Space. – In: V. Sgurev, V. Jotsov, J. Kacprzyk, Eds. Advances in Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. Vol. 379. 2022, Cham, Springer, pp. 349-368. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78124-8_1610.1007/978-3-030-78124-8_16
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
35. Glushkova, T., S. Stoyanov, I. Popchev, L. Doukovska. Ambient-Oriented Modelling in an Intelligent Agriculture Infrastructure. – In: Proc. of 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS’20), Varna, Bulgaria, IEEE Xplore, 2020, pp. 612-618. ISBN: 978-1-7281-5456-5, ISSN: 1541-1672. DOI: 10.1109/IS48319.2020.9199952.10.1109/IS48319.2020.9199952
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
36. Doukovska, L. Artificial Intelligence to Support Bulgarian Crop Production. – Engineering Sciences, Vol. LVIII, 2021, No 4, pp. 30-48. ISSN: 1312-5702, e-ISSN: 2603-3542, DOI: 10.7546/EngSci.LVIII.21.04.03.10.7546/EngSci.LVIII.21.04.03
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Blockchain-Enabled Supply-Chain in Crop Production Framework

Abstract

Paradigm

My account