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Economic implications of digitalization and smart agriculture: A comparative study of Poland and Türkiye Cover

Economic implications of digitalization and smart agriculture: A comparative study of Poland and Türkiye

Open Access
|Aug 2025

Figures & Tables

Differences Between Traditional and Digital Farming_

FeatureTraditional FarmingDigital Farming
Labor requirementsRequires intensive manual labor.With the use of robotic devices and drone technology, it can be done with less labor.
Production process and yieldThe production process is slower, leading to lower yields.Products can be grown more quickly, resulting in higher yields.
Diseases and pestsPlant diseases and pests are often noticed at later stages.Plant diseases can be detected earlier.
Prediction and analysisPredictions are made based on land conditions, crops, and yield.Predictions are highly accurate and precise.
Input usage and efficiencyExcessive use of inputs and low efficiency.Inputs are used more efficiently in modern farming.
Production time and scientific approachThese techniques are time-consuming and result in lower production.Time is saved, and production is based on scientific methods.
Application historyTraditional farming techniques are ancient and are no longer widely used.Modern farming is heavily capital-intensive.
Dependency on irrigationFarmers are not dependent on monsoon rain since they have access to tube wells for irrigation.Smart irrigation systems ensure water conservation.
Fertilizer useNatural fertilizers, such as cow manure, are commonly used.Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are applied.
Seed usageTraditional seeds are commonly used.Genetically modified seeds are preferred in modern farming.

Comparative Analysis of Case Studies_

Case StudyLocationTypeKey TechnologiesYield ImprovementResource Savings
Case 1Northern PolandDairy FarmAutomated milking, IoT health monitoring, GPS-guided machinery20% milk production efficiency15% operational costs, 10% water reduction
Case 2Central PolandCrop FarmGPS tractors, soil monitoring, VRT10% crop yield15% input costs, 20% fuel, 25% water
Case 3Central AnatoliaCereal ProductionGPS machinery, variable irrigation, IoT soil monitoring15% crop yield12% water, 10% fertilizer reduction
Case 4Mediterranean TürkiyeGreenhouseIoT climate control, AI analytics, automated irrigation20% crop yield15% water, 30% pesticide reduction
Case 5Aegean TürkiyeCooperative FarmsMobile monitoring, weather tracking, cloud platforms12% crop yield10% input costs reduction

Digital Agriculture: Strengths and Weaknesses in Poland and Türkiye_

CategoryStrengths in PolandStrengths in Türkiye
Technological AdvancementsPotential for growth driven by IoT, sensors, AI, machine learning, big data, and blockchain.Availability of digital agriculture technologies offered by various organizations.
Consumer AwarenessGrowing awareness of sustainability and food quality, increasing market for both traditional and digitally-produced products.Increasing interest in digital agriculture certifications and training programs.
Agricultural DiversificationOpportunity for Polish farmers to diversify offerings by combining classic agriculture with technology-modified eco-foods.Increased focus on diversifying agricultural practices through digital tools and technologies.
Collaboration OpportunitiesCollaboration between academia, industry, and government institutions to support knowledge transfer and labor training.Collaboration between digital agriculture organizations and producers.
Climate ResilienceDigital tools can enhance productivity and resilience to climate change-related risks.Digital agriculture can improve efficiency and resilience in dealing with climate change and agricultural challenges.
Workforce DevelopmentEmphasis on training and developing a workforce skilled in digital agriculture.Growing interest in digital education and skills development.
Market CompetitivenessDigital agriculture can improve Poland’s competitiveness in the international market.Digital agriculture applications can help improve Türkiye’s competitiveness in global agricultural markets.
Government SupportIncreasing policy support for digital agriculture, and funding initiatives.Growing support from the government for digital agriculture, including state incentives and research investments.
Economic ResiliencePotential for increased operational efficiency and economic resilience via digital agriculture.Government support, including incentives, aims to enhance economic resilience in the agricultural sector through digitalization.
Digital Adoption in Rural AreasLimited digital infrastructure in rural areas but potential for development.Ongoing efforts to improve technological infrastructure in rural regions, increasing access to digital agriculture tools.
Data UtilizationPotential for optimizing farm management with big data and AI.High interest in leveraging big data and AI for precision farming and productivity enhancement.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cag-2025-0006 | Journal eISSN: 3071-740X | Journal ISSN: 2081-2787
Language: English
Page range: 55 - 69
Submitted on: May 7, 2025
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Accepted on: Jul 16, 2025
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Published on: Aug 30, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Filiz Kutluay Tutar, Abdallah Abukalloub, Sayyara Musayeva, published by Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.